zenithaladj.

Brit.

/ˈzɛnᵻθl/, U.S.

/ˈzinᵻθəl/

Forms: 1700s– zenithal, 1800s– zenital.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: zenith n., -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < zenith n. + -al suffix¹.Compare French zénital, (now usually) zénithal (1612 in an apparently isolated attestation in point zénithal, subsequently from the early 19th cent.).

1. Situated or occurring at the zenith; relating to or in the direction of the zenith.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > celestial sphere > [adjective] > zenith

vertical1593

zenithal?1731

?1731 J. Squire Proposal to determine Longitude 2 Beginning our Account of Longitude at Bethlehem, and in that Part of the Heavens which was Zenithal to it..will indulge our Christian Gratitude.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. v. 39 The deep zenithal blue.

1869 E. Dunkin Midnight Sky 57 Beta and Gamma Draconis..were the two zenithal stars in June.

1939 E. D. Laborde tr. E. de Martonne Shorter Physical Geogr. (rev. ed.) iii. 60 The two zenithal periods follow each other more closely as latitude increases, until at the tropics themselves the periods become one.

1961 L. F. Brosnahan Sounds of Lang. iii. 74 A continuous distribution of the O blood-group gene frequencies in Europe was..redrawn on a map of zenithal equal-area projection.

2008 Guardian 17 Sept. 37/3 The station..begins to be visible in our evening sky and within a week it is making spectacular zenithal passes over southern England.

2. figurative. That is, or represents, the highest or best point of something; culminating; supreme; = zenith adj.

ΘΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] > having made progress or advanced > to highest point

peakedc1350

culminant1605

headeda1616

meridiana1657

climacteric1789

zenith1828

zenithal1891

climacterical1896

1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles II. xxv. 56 A zenithal paradise, a nadiral hell.

1903 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 651/1 They have known the zenithal instant of piscatorial life.

1995 Internat. Business Nov. 8/1 This is capitalism at work at its zenithal moment in history.

Compounds

zenithal projection n. [compare French projection zénithale (1866 or earlier)] any of a class of map projections in which a portion of the globe is projected on to a plane tangential to a point on that portion, usually made the centre of the map; also called azimuthal projection.Common forms are the zenithal (or azimuthal) equal-area projection, devised by the Swiss mathematician Johann Heinrich Lambert in 1772, and the zenithal (or azimuthal) equidistant projection.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > projection > types of

planispherea1393

Mercator's projection1615

Mercator's chart1645

Mercator1694

Bonne projection1854

zenithal projection1877

1877 Geogr. Mag. Mar. 81/2 Lambert's Zenithal Projection resulted in a far less amount of distortion than those of Sanson or Bonne.

1882 T. Craig Treat. on Projections v. 89 The name zenithal projections is..derived from the fact that they can always be considered as the representation of the hemisphere situated above the horizon of the given point, and having the zenith for pole.

1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia IV. 587/3 Gnomic map, type of zenithal projection in which the Earth's grid is projected by radials from a point at the centre of the sphere into a tangent plane so that all great circles are represented by straight lines.

2004 Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 116 971/1 We derive the exact..transformations for the zenithal projections most commonly used in astronomy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	zenithal
释义	zenithaladj. Brit. /ˈzɛnᵻθl/, U.S. /ˈzinᵻθəl/ Forms: 1700s– zenithal, 1800s– zenital. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: zenith n., -al suffix¹. Etymology: < zenith n. + -al suffix¹.Compare French zénital, (now usually) zénithal (1612 in an apparently isolated attestation in point zénithal, subsequently from the early 19th cent.). 1. Situated or occurring at the zenith; relating to or in the direction of the zenith. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > celestial sphere > [adjective] > zenith vertical1593 zenithal?1731 ?1731 J. Squire Proposal to determine Longitude 2 Beginning our Account of Longitude at Bethlehem, and in that Part of the Heavens which was Zenithal to it..will indulge our Christian Gratitude. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. v. 39 The deep zenithal blue. 1869 E. Dunkin Midnight Sky 57 Beta and Gamma Draconis..were the two zenithal stars in June. 1939 E. D. Laborde tr. E. de Martonne Shorter Physical Geogr. (rev. ed.) iii. 60 The two zenithal periods follow each other more closely as latitude increases, until at the tropics themselves the periods become one. 1961 L. F. Brosnahan Sounds of Lang. iii. 74 A continuous distribution of the O blood-group gene frequencies in Europe was..redrawn on a map of zenithal equal-area projection. 2008 Guardian 17 Sept. 37/3 The station..begins to be visible in our evening sky and within a week it is making spectacular zenithal passes over southern England. 2. figurative. That is, or represents, the highest or best point of something; culminating; supreme; = zenith adj. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] > having made progress or advanced > to highest point peakedc1350 culminant1605 headeda1616 meridiana1657 climacteric1789 zenith1828 zenithal1891 climacterical1896 1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles II. xxv. 56 A zenithal paradise, a nadiral hell. 1903 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 651/1 They have known the zenithal instant of piscatorial life. 1995 Internat. Business Nov. 8/1 This is capitalism at work at its zenithal moment in history. Compounds zenithal projection n. [compare French projection zénithale (1866 or earlier)] any of a class of map projections in which a portion of the globe is projected on to a plane tangential to a point on that portion, usually made the centre of the map; also called azimuthal projection.Common forms are the zenithal (or azimuthal) equal-area projection, devised by the Swiss mathematician Johann Heinrich Lambert in 1772, and the zenithal (or azimuthal) equidistant projection. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > projection > types of planispherea1393 Mercator's projection1615 Mercator's chart1645 Mercator1694 Bonne projection1854 zenithal projection1877 1877 Geogr. Mag. Mar. 81/2 Lambert's Zenithal Projection resulted in a far less amount of distortion than those of Sanson or Bonne. 1882 T. Craig Treat. on Projections v. 89 The name zenithal projections is..derived from the fact that they can always be considered as the representation of the hemisphere situated above the horizon of the given point, and having the zenith for pole. 1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia IV. 587/3 Gnomic map, type of zenithal projection in which the Earth's grid is projected by radials from a point at the centre of the sphere into a tangent plane so that all great circles are represented by straight lines. 2004 Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 116 971/1 We derive the exact..transformations for the zenithal projections most commonly used in astronomy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.?1731
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