writn.

Brit.

/rɪt/, U.S.

/rɪt/

Forms:

α. early Old English wreot- (inflected form), Old English urit (Northumbrian), Old English uritt (Northumbrian), Old English uuritt (Northumbrian), Old English wriot- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English wriott- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English write- (in compounds), Old English wuriott- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English wuritt (Northumbrian), Old English (rare)–1600s wryt, Old English (chiefly Northumbrian)–1700s writt, Old English– writ, early Middle English yrite (in a copy of an Old English charter), Middle English vrittys (plural), Middle English weritt (perhaps transmission error), Middle English wriht, Middle English write, Middle English wryȝt, Middle English wryte, Middle English–1600s writte, Middle English–1600s wrytt, Middle English–1600s wrytte, late Middle English wriȝt, late Middle English wryth, late Middle English wyrte, 1500s whrytt; Scottish pre-1700 ryt, pre-1700 urit, pre-1700 vritt, pre-1700 vrych, pre-1700 vrycht, pre-1700 vryte, pre-1700 wirt, pre-1700 writte, pre-1700 wrot, pre-1700 wrott, pre-1700 wryt, pre-1700 wryte, pre-1700 wrytt, pre-1700 wrytte, pre-1700 wyrt, pre-1700 1700s writt, pre-1700 1700s– writ, pre-1700 1800s vrit.

β. late Middle English wret, late Middle English wretes (East Anglian, plural), late Middle English wrethe, late Middle English wrettes (plural); Scottish pre-1700 vrett, pre-1700 wret, pre-1700 wrett, pre-1700 1800s vret.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a word inherited from Germanic. Partly formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: i-writ n.

Etymology: Probably partly (i) < an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the Germanic base of write v., perhaps cognate with Old Icelandic rit process of writing, something written (see i-writ n.), and partly (ii) shortened < i-writ n.Early history in Germanic and Old English. It is unclear whether i-writ n. and writ n. both go back to Germanic, or whether one of them represents a later formation. Compare discussion of the possible Old Icelandic cognate and related formations in other Germanic languages at i-writ n. In Old English the prefixed form gewrit i-writ n. is significantly more common in all senses and attested earlier in senses 3a, 4a, and 6, but the unprefixed form is also found in early sources (chiefly Anglian or showing Anglian influence). For the occasional shortening of i-writ n. in early Middle English compare, for example, quots. c1175 at sense 2a and c1175 at sense 6. Compare i-swinch n. and the α. forms at swink n. Relationship with write n. Compare write n. and see discussion of the allocation of Middle English and Older Scots evidence at that entry. Compare also hand-writ n. and hand write n. Form history. Middle English wretes at β. forms apparently reflects lengthening of short i to long close ē in an open syllable. Other late Middle English instances of the β. forms probably reflect a sporadic change of short i to short e in the vicinity of a labial (compare R. Jordan Handb. der mittelenglischen Grammatik (ed. 2, 1934) §36). Similarly, the instances in Older Scots probably reflect a lowered realization of the vowel (compare A. J. Aitken & C. Macafee Older Sc. Vowels (2002) §14.15).

I. Something recorded, set down, or disseminated in writing and related senses.

†a. A written work intended to be published or widely read or studied; esp. a book. Often in plural: the writings or works of an author or group of authors, or from a given period, on a particular subject, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > [noun]

i-writeOE

bookOE

writOE

workOE

pagine?c1225

lettrurec1330

dite1340

inditing1340

writing1340

scripta1350

dittya1387

stylea1400

scriptiona1425

framec1475

invention1484

piece1533

ditement1556

paperwork1577

composition1603

confection1605

composure?1606

page?1606

the written word1619

performance1665

literature1852

society > leisure > the arts > literature > [noun] > the writings of an author

writc1475

author1521

writer1532

scribings1846

oeuvre1889

OE Phoenix 425 Is þon gelicast, þæs þe us leorneras weordum [read wordum] secgað, ond writu cyþað, þisses fugles gefær.

c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 573 Hercne his read, þet he þe i þe frumðe of þis writ readde.

c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 9655 Herafter sone in þis write Whi he it dede ȝe schul it wite.

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 63 Woo to hem þat..writun writtis of vnritfulnes.

1568 (a1508) W. Kennedy Flyting (Bannatyne) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 208 How thy forbearis come..the writ makis me war.

1590 R. Greene Mourning Garment 11 The Authors..in their writtes playne discusse, Fayrer was not Tytirus.

1646 R. Baillie Anabaptism Epist. sig.*2^v In the following writ I point at the danger.

1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther iii. 73 Much malice..Perhaps may censure this mysterious writ.

†b. A written message from one person or group to another; a letter. Cf. writ-roun n. at Compounds 4. Obsolete.Quot. OE apparently shows plural of the rare compound ǣrendwrit written message (cf. the more frequent ǣrendgewrit, compound of i-writ n.), but could alternatively be interpreted as showing an otherwise unattested noun *ǣrendwrita in sense ‘messenger’ (cf. the variant reading).

ΘΠ

society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun]

epistleeOE

pistleOE

writOE

letter?c1225

brief1330

writingc1384

missive letter1519

scroll1534

missive?1553

scrieve1581

favour1645

chitty1698

chit1757

mail letter1799

OE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Cambr. Univ. Libr.) (Dict. Old Eng. transcript) (1871) Pref. 3 Me com swiðe oft on gemynd..hu þa cyningas þe þone anweald hæfdon þæs folces Gode & His æryndwrytum [eOE Hatton ærendwrecum] hyrsumodon.

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 1114 Þa hwile þa sende he his writ æfter þone abbot Ernulf of Burh & bebead him þet he efeostlice scolde to him cuman, forþi þet he wolde sprecon mid him dærne sprece.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 7 Sainte powel..wrot þo a writ and sende hit synfulle men.

a1225 ( Rule St. Benet (Winteney) (1888) liv. 109 Þæt mynecene ne sculon write [OE Corpus Cambr. ærendgewrita; L. litteras] odðe lac underfon.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1774 Delyuerieþ me þe wryt, þat Charles sente to sir Balanne.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iii. l. 425 The knycht, Schew him the wryt lord Persie had him sent.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 264 All too late I bring this fatall writ .

1652 J. Shirley Cardinal iii. 34 This Match was made at home before she sent That cunning writ, in hope to take him off.

c1820 Cupid's Garland 7 Perhaps you'll at my scrawl demur, And call't a Valentine. No Valentine I do protest—It is a writ of love.

1883 Sporting Times 10 Nov. 1/4 He promptly chucked into the fire a registered envelope with its contents. Was it the name of the firm on the back that convinced him that a private writ should be more than ordinarily respected?

c. More generally: a written document; a piece of writing; a note, notice, etc. Also figurative. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > written record > [noun]

bookeOE

writlOE

rolla1325

conscriptiona1382

lettersa1382

scripturea1382

monument1405

write1483

pancart1577

panchart1587

anagraphy1606

notitia1738

society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > piece or quantity of

i-writeOE

writlOE

hand-writc1175

scritec1325

scripta1350

writingc1384

letterc1390

write1428

briefa1450

titlec1450

scroll1534

escript1550

passagec1550

hand write1567

side1579

scrieve1581

manuscript1600

sheetful1711

page1743

slateful1836

chirograph1844

pageful1859

M1899

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 963 Aðelwold..fand þa hidde in þa ealde wealle writes þet Headda abbot heafde ær gewriton.

a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Lamb.) l. 100 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 165 Al ho habbeð in hore write þet we misduden here.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 2486 Þis writ shal henge bi him þare.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1974 Ðo iacob sag dat sori writ [sc. the bloody coat], He gret.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 3814 Sir, haf here þis writ & schewe him alle newe.

1488–92 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 87 There was a writ fund..sayand: In hac boxa [etc.].

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. clj^v He couered his mynde craftely, that his writte myght haue some shewe.

1586 G. Whitney Choice of Emblemes 143 Th' Emperor..tooke his penne, for to confirme the cause. But all in vayne:..he rente the writte in twaine.

1891 Bp. W. How Let. 11 Mar. in F. D. How Bp. W. How: Mem. (1898) 323 You have a writ given you, which is like a small cake.

1905 Westm. Gaz. 7 Oct. 4/2 The writs of the insane are generally distinguished by great length.

2012 M. Cowan Death Life & Relig. Change in Sc. Towns iv. 138 Above this was to be a table of brass with a writ about the bringing of the relic, and William Preston's arms were to be on this brass.

†d. A letter, word, sentence, etc., that is inscribed, engraved, or embossed on a surface, as on a monument, coin, stone, etc. Also figurative. Cf. writing n. 11a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > an inscription > [noun]

onwritingOE

writinga1382

inwritingc1384

writa1400

scripturec1400

scriptiona1425

style?a1527

inscriptiona1552

epigram1552

inscriptor1603

inscript1611

epigraph1624

scribings1870

wording1908

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8495 Þis writte [on a marble stone] wit fele was red and sene.

c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 1136 He bad bulden of marbre A piler.., And þat þei wrouhten a wrytte.

a1550 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Wemyss) cvii. l. 592 Epithafy is to say A writt abufe a graif, perfay, That schawis quha in þat graif lyis, And how he liffit and on quhat wis.

1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne xiii. xl. 242 This found he grauen in the tender rinde,..he mused on this vncouth writ.

1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Triumph of Faith 203 There is writ remaining after sin is acted... Writ written with a pen of iron, and diamond.

2. In singular or plural. The sacred writings of Christianity contained in the Bible; the Scriptures. Also: †a passage of Scripture (obsolete).

a. With modifying word, as in Divine Writ, Sacred Writ. Earliest and most frequently in Holy Writ (see Holy Writ n.).

ΚΠ

OE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Corpus Oxf.) ii. xvi. 152 Æfter þon þe halige writu sprecað.

c1175 ( in A. O. Belfour 12th Cent. Homilies in MS Bodl. 343 (1909) 42 Swa swa þæt godcunde writ [OE Vercelli godcunde gewrit] cwæð.

c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 495 Wiþ-outen witnesse of holi writ Wisdam weore hit non.

c1480 (a1400) St. John Evangelist 184 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 114 Þe fyrste skil..he tuk vt of haly vryte [rhyme it].

1598 F. Meres tr. Luis de Granada Expos. One & Fifty Psalme in Granados Spirituall & Heauenlie Exercises xxxix. 387 O my Sonne, saith the diuine writ, if thou desirest Wisdome, preserue righteousnes, and the Lord will shew her vnto thee.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. iii. 61 His Weapons, [are] holy Sawes of sacred Writ .

1657 N. Billingsley Brachy-martyrologia xiii. 41 Now the Christians enemies abound, Laying their Churches level with the ground; Burn sacred Writs. i'th'open market-places.

1661 N. Eaton Holy Cal. 36 Christ is the Lambe so sacred Writs define.

1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 237 Of Daniel, you may read in Holy Writ.

1727 J. G. Scheuchzer tr. E. Kæmpfer Hist. Japan I. i. vi. 86 The Japanese language is one of those, which Sacred Writs mention, that the all-wise Providence hath thought fit..to introduce into the minds of the vain builders of the Babylonian Tower.

1745 R. Pococke Descr. East II. i. 60 Cæsarea..is remarkable in sacred writ upon several accounts.

1805 H. T. Colebrooke in Asiatic Researches (London ed.) (1808) 8 483 Writers on ethics sometimes draw from the Vedas illustrations of moral maxims, and quote from their holy writ passages at full length, in support of ethical precepts.

1817 S. T. Coleridge Tell's Birth-Place in Sibyll. Leaves 264 To Nature and to Holy writ Alone did God the boy commit.

1858 Times 22 May 9/5 If sacred writ is still to furnish themes for our painters, it must be to those rarely-gifted spirits among them who can..feel with more profoundness of belief.

1905 Morpeth Herald 21 Jan. 3/6 The first chapter of Genesis is that part of the impregnable rock of Divine writ against which the fury of sceptical antagonists especially rages.

2014 Early Amer. Lit. 49 524 If one half of sacred writ predominates, it is the New Testament.

†b. Without modifying word. Later chiefly with the and capital initial. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > [noun]

Holy Writc900

writeOE

God's bookOE

writOE

bookOE

Biblea1300

holy lettrurec1330

scripturec1330

the (sacred or holy) writings1340

gospel1393

worda1425

escripture1489

Holy Write1508

theologya1513

the written word1533

Book of God1548

oracle1548

hand biblea1680

good book1740

sacred book1782

the sacred volume1850

bibliotheca1879

Kitab1885

society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > text > [noun] > passage

writeOE

steadc1175

text1377

scripturec1384

parcela1398

verse1560

versicle1737

verset1861

eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. xx. 246 Þa ða he in wreotum leornade to donne [L. ea quae in scripturis agenda didicerat], þa he in his weorcum wæs geornlice fylgende.

OE (Northumbrian) Liturgical Texts (Durham Ritual) in A. H. Thompson & U. Lindelöf Rituale Ecclesiae Dunelmensis (1927) 79 Dicit enim scriptura omnis qui credit in eum non confundetur : cuoeð forðon ðio urit eghuoelc se ðe gelefeð on hine ne bið sceomiende.

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 67 Þenc ðat ðe writt seið þat æure bie ðe mildce ouer ðe rihte dome.

?c1490 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 57 He vsit euer mercy and euer will ffor the writ sayis In eternum [etc.].

1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles v. 12 At Tharstill, where each man, Thinkes all is writ, he spoken can.

1895 Open Court (Chicago) 28 Feb. 4409/1 Now, the Writ tells us we shall love God before all.

a. That which is written; written language. Now only as in sense 3b.Quots. lOE and c1275 could alternatively be interpreted as showing the sense ‘a written message’ (cf. sense 1b).

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 675 Þa seonde he to Rome Wilfrid biscop to þam pape..& cydde him mid writ & mid worde hu his breðre Peada & Wulfhere & se abbot Saxulf heafden wroht an minstre.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12479 Nu ȝe habbeoð iherd..wulc word heo sendeð us here into vre londe. mid write [c1300 Otho writ] & mid worde.

c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 7128 Þe kyng..tolde hem by wrytt his damage.

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 24 Þe wysest wees of the werd, as I in writt fynd.

1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) 70 I muse..Quhat way to wryt, or put in vers... The vertew of this writ..is That famenene ar of this figour, Quhilk clippit is antiphratis.

c1600 A. Montgomerie Poems (2000) I. 108 Sen wyrt, nor wax nor word is not a word I must perforce ga seik my fathers suord.

a1732 T. Boston View Covenant Grace (1734) 266 A Will declared, testified, and signified by Word or Writ.

b. Writing of a specified kind, style, or period; the writing of a particular author. Cf. 2a.In early use often with reference to Scripture or sacred writings (cf. sense 2a), and later often referring to the work of canonical writers as authoritative.

ΚΠ

1568 R. D. Exhort. to Eng. sig. A.iij Looke back to auncient writ of valiant enterprise: And see with how great foyles their foes your Elders did agrise.

1622 J. Mayer Treasury Eccl. Expos. 266 Barnabas cured the sick with the touch of euangelicall writ.

1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iii. 184 If of my raign Prophetic Writ hath told, That it shall never end.

1713 A. Pope Windsor-Forest 11 He..Of ancient Writ unlocks the learned Store.

1844 A. W. Kinglake Eothen iv. 65 The mere human surmises, and doubts which clash with Homeric writ!

1915 N.Y. Times Current Hist.: European War 2 548/2 That elegy so briefly fine, That epic writ in half a line, That little which so much conveys, Whose silence is a hymn of praise.

2002 S. M. Buhler Shakespeare in Cinema v. 76 The special effects reinforce the idea that film can be, in its way, a more ‘direct’ translation of Shakespearean writ. Words come to life and [etc.]

a. A written document with legal force or validity; a legal document or instrument; spec. a grant, proclamation, etc., issued by a monarch, pope, or other ruler.In this and other senses denoting legal instruments, singular use without the indefinite article is sometimes (esp. in early use) difficult to distinguish from sense 5, ‘written command or authority’.In quot. 1334-5 contextually referring to what is ostensibly an Anglo-Saxon royal writ (cf. sense 4d); however, the source is likely to have been forged after the Norman Conquest.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal document > [noun]

writlOE

charterc1270

writingc1384

paper1389

monument1405

instrument1426

cartec1449

chart1616

diploma1645

diplome1669

expedition1685

law-writings1701

chirograph1844

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 963 Hu se papa Agatho hit feostnode mid his write.

1258 Proclam. Henry III in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1868–9) 21 (MED) We senden ȝew þis writ open iseined wiþ vre seel.

1334–5 ( Writ of Edward the Confessor, Ramsey (Sawyer 1110) in F. E. Harmer Anglo-Saxon Writs (1952) 263 Ic hæte & beode mid þis ilce writ, þæt þæt ilce mærke & mære æfter Cnutes delfe kinges stande alswa Ælfwine abbod of Ramesege hit betalde wið Siwarð abbod of Þornege.

c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. ii. l. 46 Alle to wytnesse wel what þe writ wolde, In what maner þat mede in mariage was feffid.

1467 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 402 Item, for a nother wrytte uppon his patent of lyvelode, ij.s. vj.d.

1562–3 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 231 That he may haif inspectioun of the saidis writtis producit.

c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 91 [He] was made a baron by the Kinges wryt.

1672 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1672/6/50 The writers to the signet and other persones afoirsaid are heirby discharged to forme or write writts of any kind.

1729 T. Innes Crit. Ess. Anc. Inhabitants Scotl. I. Pref. p. xxx A writ under his great seal.

1809 W. Bawdwen tr. Domesday Bk. 239 Witnessing the King's writ for that purpose.

1861 Times 26 July The senior Sheriff's yeoman read Her Majesty's writ, authorizing the Sheriffs to proceed to the election of ‘a fit and discreet citizen’ to serve in Parliament.

1992 A. Goldhammer tr. Y. Thomas in G. Duby et al. Hist. Women in West iii. 130 Antoninus Pius even issued an imperial writ granting a divorced mother the right to keep her children against her husband's will.

2015 Speculum 92 251 The monks were authorized by royal writ to adminster their estates as they pleased.

b. Law. A form of written command, order or precept issued in the name of a court or other legal authority (in early use esp. a monarch), requiring the person or people addressed to act (or refrain from acting) in a specified way.

(a) With of and a word or phrase denoting the nature of the action required or prohibited, as writ of error, writ of habeas corpus, writ of inquiry, writ of summons, etc. writ of aiel, writ of certiorari, writ of cessavit, writ of distringas, writ of ease, writ of elegit, writ of entry, writ of error, writ of execution, writ of formedon, writ of habeas corpus, writ of injunction, writ of inquiry, writ of manumission, writ of mesne, writ of mort d'ancestor, writ of non est inventus, writ of prohibition, writ of ravishment, writ of rebellion, writ of right, writ of summons, writ of venire facias, writ of waste, etc.: see these words.

ΚΠ

a1325 Statutes of Realm in MS Rawl. B.520 f. 61^v R. þat is chef lord of þe feo..askez þat lond þoru writ of acheitte.

a1400 in K. W. Engeroff Untersuchung ‘Usages of Winchester’ (1914) 86 Ȝif he is y-pleted by wryt of plee of londe.

?1481 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) II. 134 I have send on to yowr Maysterchepp for my wrethe of subpena..ij. s. vj. d.

1568–9 in R. Bolton Statutes Ireland (1621) 325 Any writt of dower.

1643 J. Caryl Expos. Job (1676) I. 967 A writ or patent of protection.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) Writ of Assistance,..of Privelege,..of Rebellion.

1865 Act 28 & 29 Vict. c. 104 §47 A Writ of Diem clausit extremum may be issued.

1968 Calif. Law Rev. 56 362 He is entitled to the writ of habeas corpus only to remedy the situation, not to redress him for any wrong suffered.

2009 B. H. Mann Republic of Debtors (new ed.) i. 18 Litigation..typically began aggressively, even punitively, with the creditor suing out a writ of attachment for the debtor's arrest and imprisonment.

(b) Without of and modifying word or phrase.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > writ

writa1400

write1516

writing of divorce1568

noverint1592

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > writ > royal writ

writa1400

schedule1622

a1400 in K. W. Engeroff Untersuchung ‘Usages of Winchester’ (1914) 88 (MED) Þe wryt þat me pledeth in þe citee by-fore justyces..beþ empne.

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 206 The sewters..shold come fully to the strengthe of the courte for the kyngis breef or writte.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xxxiiii A wryt was directed vnto the Mayre and Aldermen chargynge theym that y^e kynges peas were fermely kepte within the Cytie.

a1596 Sir Thomas More (1911) iii. i. 29 Bring them away to execution: The writt is come abooue two houres since.

1602 2nd Pt. Returne fr. Parnassus v. iii. 2104 To be briefe Academico, writts are out for me, to apprehend me.

1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (lxxiii. 4 Annot.) 358/1 There are no writts signed for their execution.

1717 M. Prior Dove xviii This cruel Writ, wherein you stand Indicted.

1810 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 2) II. xxi. 841 After possession has been given under the writ.

1874 W. P. Lennox My Recoll. I. 281 A brother of an M.P., finding sundry writs out against him.

2010 P. D. Halliday Habeas Corpus ii. 61 Insertion of this general warning continued to increase, whether or not the writ issued as an alias or contained a subpoena.

c. spec. Originally: a formal written order summoning a peer or member of the Commons to attend Parliament. Now chiefly: a legal instrument requiring that an election be held to select a member or members of Parliament or another deliberative body.Quot. ?a1425 could alternatively be interpreted as showing a use of sense 5, ‘written authority’.See also to drop the (election) writ at Phrases 3.

ΚΠ

?a1425 (a1400) Brut (Corpus Cambr.) 324 To þe parlement was sompned by wryt, of men of holy chirche, iiij bisshopes & iiij abbotes.

1455 Petition in Rotuli Parl. (1767–77) V. 335/2 He was elect Abbot of Bury after the seid Parlement somond, and hadde never Writte of Parlement.

1573 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 147 The whrytt for reioynyng ye Parlament.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 636 Then was Edward Nevill by the Kings writ called unto the Parliament.

1659 W. Prynne (title) The first part of a brief register, kalendar and survey of the several kinds, forms of all parliamentary writs.

1660 W. Prynne 2nd Pt. Brief Reg. Parl. Writs 25 This Ayde..was doubtless no Parliamentary Ayde..; and so this Writ no Writ of Summons or election to a Parliament.

1688 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 597 Writs issued now in order to the Parliament.

1729 G. Jacob New Law-dict. at Parliament Among the Parliament Writs 14 Eliz.

1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. III. lx. 292 They issued some writs for new elections.

1861 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1869) II. 117 In 1264 [the Earl of Leicester] set the first example of issuing writs to cities and boroughs.

1888 J. Williams in Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 697/1 The writ is to be returned by the returning officer..with the name of the member elected endorsed on the writ.

2020 Irish Times (Nexis) 2 Dec. 4 The Independent Group of Senators has moved the writ for the Seanad byelection to fill a vacancy following the resignation of former Fine Gael senator Michael D'Arcy from the agriculture panel.

d. Anglo-Saxon History. A legal document, shorter than a typical royal charter or diploma, written in the vernacular, cast in the form of an address by the issuing party, and authenticated by the issuer's seal.In Old English sometimes referred to as gewrit (cf. quot. lOE at i-writ n. 1a), but apparently only as a contextual use of the more general sense ‘a written document with legal force’ (see sense 4a). Similarly, references to documents of this kind as writs before the 19th cent. probably show a contextual use of this more general sense. Compare also quot. 1334-5 at sense 4a.

ΚΠ

1849 J. M. Kemble Saxons in Eng. II. v. 166 The writs of the kings, touching judicial processes, and other matters connected with the public service, were directed to the ealdorman, bishop and sheriff of the district, as a general rule.

1896 Eng. Hist. Rev. 11 733 I am driven to use diploma to describe the solemn dispositive instrument..as distinguished from the writ, the brief document that simply notifies to others that the king has made a certain gift.

1952 F. E. Harmer Anglo-Saxon Writs i. 3 Conclusions regarding the characteristics of the writ form in Anglo-Saxon England have so far been based almost entirely upon the surviving writs of the closing years of the tenth, and of the eleventh, century.

2007 S. E. Kelly Charters of Bath & Wells 173 The compilers may have been selective in including from the Anglo-Saxon period only a selection of royal writs.

5. Written command, order, or authority. In later use also more generally: a person's power, authority, or command. Frequently following a preposition, as in by writ. See also a person's (etc.) writ runs at Phrases 2.

ΘΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > a command > written

writa1400

a1400 in K. W. Engeroff Untersuchung ‘Usages of Winchester’ (1914) 84 (MED) Whanne þe heste is to don, þe furste somaunce on him be y-maked or he come to towne, ȝif hit ne be pley of lond by wryt.

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Fox, Wolf, & Husbandman l. 2278 in Poems (1981) 86 Haue ȝe witnes or writ for to schau?

c1520 Vox populi 328 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1866) III. 279 Lysens to compownde..By fyne or wrytte of post.

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 78 Touchyng appellatyonys in causys & removyng by wrytt.

1705 London Gaz. No. 4103/3 Her Majesty hath been..pleased, by Writ, to Call [him] to the House of Lords.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 148 The convention in 1688..did not assemble without writ.

1808 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius II. 1020 [When] the proceedings..have been instituted in the county court by plaint, and not by writ.

2007 New Straits Times (Malaysia) (Nexis) 9 Sept. 20 Instead of putting money into people's pockets by writ of the Treasury, Prime Minister and Finance Minister Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi chose to make it easier for everyone to buy and pay for homes.

†II. Written form or condition.

6. The state or condition of having been written; written form. Frequently in in writ. Cf. writing n. 7. Obsolete (Scottish in later use).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > state of having been written > [noun]

writc1175

writingc1330

written hand1520

c1175 Ælfric Lives of Saints (Bodl.) (O.E.D. transcript) (1900) II. 332 Felæ wundræ..þe we her nyllæð on write [OE Julius on gewrite] setten.

?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 156 Sleiȝ he was..Þat þis lore put in writte.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 13 To put in wryt a suthfast story.

1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. B When in writ I do theirof reherse.

a1650 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) II. 446 The Bishop of Rosse his memorialls, left in writt.

1684 G. Mackenzie Instit. Law Scotl. (1694) 212 A Testament..does require to be in Writ.

Phrases

P1.

keeper of the writs n. (also with capital initials) now historical (the title of) an officer in the Courts of Common Pleas and King's (or Queen's) Bench, who has the custody of writs, warrants, and other documents; = custos brevium n.Also more fully keeper of the writs and rolls, keeper of the writs and records, keeper of the writs, rolls, and records.

ΚΠ

1627 R. Bernard Isle of Man (ed. 4) ii. 116 There is also the Clerke of the Assises, the keeper of the Writs, that hath all the Inditements.

1647 L. Haward Charges Crown Revenue 3 Keeper of the Writs and Rolls, Fee.

1742 J. Anderson Geneal. Hist. House of Yvery I. i. ii. 28 King Charles II..granted the Reversion of the Offices of Clerk of the Crown in the King's Bench, Prothonotary and Chief Clerk of the Common Pleas, and Keeper of the Writs, Rolls &c. in the said Court, to them during their natural Lives.

1858 T. F. Ellis & C. Blackburn Rep. Queen's Bench 7 41 In Herbert v. Paget..a majority of the Judges of this Court held that the keeper of the writs and records of this Court was liable to an action by a party who was injured by an improper alteration of a record.

1964 Amer. Jrnl. Legal Hist. 8 193 Five persons, including the Keeper of the Writs and one of the clerks of the Counter at London, were involved.

2015 A. Gransden Hist. Abbey Bury St Edmunds 1257–1301 49 Roger of Leicester..was a court clerk and from 1262 keeper of the writs and rolls.

P2. a person's (etc.) writ runs: the power or authority of a person, organization, state, etc., is recognized or effective in a specified place or sphere (cf. run v. 61a). In early use with specific reference to the written authority of a monarch, court, etc. Frequently in negative contexts, as a person's (an organization's, etc.) writ does not run.

1594 W. West Of Chancerie sig. R4^v in Symbolæogr.: 2nd Pt. It may be he was borne where the kinges writ runneth not, as in Ireland, Calice, Barwicke, &c.

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Rrr4^v Tabling of Fines, is the making of a table for euery countie, where his Maiesties writ runneth, conteining the contents of euery fine, that shall passe in any one terme.

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. vi. 79 An exclusive jurisdiction..in which the king's ordinary writ does not run.

1890 S. Lane-Poole Barbary Corsairs i. viii. 86 It may be doubted whether the Sultan's writ would have run in either of his new provinces.

1892 Ld. Tennyson Foresters iv. 48 Lawful King, Whose writ will run thro' all the range of life.

1931 J. Buchan Blanket of Dark xiv. 330 The writ of England shall run from Thule and the Ebudes to the Narrow Seas.

1962 Listener 11 Jan. 51/2 Inside the area which a substantial power regards as its own backyard, the writ of the United Nations does not run.

1981 G. Priestland At Large (1983) 122 I have a sneaking primitive feeling..that God's writ does not entirely run at sea.

2002 Nation (N.Y.) 13 May 9/1 The one place in the world where a superpower's writ does not run.

P3. Canadian. to drop the (election) writ: to call an election; cf. sense 4c.

ΚΠ

1968 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 21 Jan. (Home ed.) 2/2 Things will quiet down again until the election writ is dropped. Then it will be up to the voters.

2003 National Post (Canada) 29 Mar. a16/5 He said concerns over a summer hydro shortage..will force the government to drop the writ soon.

Compounds

†C1. As a modifier, designating implements or materials used for writing, as in writ book, writ iron, etc. Obsolete (Scottish in later use).In Old English in compounds denoting styluses and writing tablets.

ΚΠ

OE (Northumbrian) Epist. Jerome to Damasus 2 Calamo imperauimus ut..reliqua manere pateremur : mið pinn uel urittsæx we gehehtun ðæt..ða æfterra gewuna we ondetað.

OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 13 Aug. (2013) 160 Hi hyne ofslogen mid heora writbredum, ond hine ofsticodon mid hira writeyrenum.

1659 A. Hay Diary 15 May (1901) 13 I went to sermon.., and becaus my man had lost my sermon writt book, I resolved to write this dayes sermons on this book as followes.

C2.

a. With participles, agent nouns, and verbal nouns, forming compounds in which writ expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in writ-making, writ-reading, writ-serving (adjectives and nouns); writ-dodger, writ-issuer, writ-reader.See also writ-server n. at Compounds 2b.

1538 Breadalbane Court Bk. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) At he hes nocht satefeit the said Archibald at the said day of this writ making.

1781 Reading not preaching ii. 5 To apply this to our writ-reading clergy.

1781 Reading not preaching ii. 7 All that writ-readers can read.

2001 I. Sinclair Landor's Tower (2002) i. ii. 19 This bumbling writ-dodger, infamous throughout the booktrade for his rubber cheques.

writ-server n. Law a person who formally delivers a writ or other legal document; spec. one who does this as an occupation; a process server, a bailiff.

ΚΠ

1832 Bill for Regulation of Service of Writs issuing from Superior Courts Ireland 13 (margin) in Parl. Papers 1831–2 (H.C. 165) IV. 765 Regulates Attendance of Writ Servers at Quarter Sessions.

1899 Sunday Times (Chattanooga, Tennessee) 5 Mar. 12/3 The writ-server who served the summons for jury service on him.

1962 R. Cook Crust on its Uppers i. 22 A good solid heavy like Chas to deal with the writ-servers.

2004 Philadelphia Daily News (Nexis) 5 Mar. 8 The fun began when a writ-server attempted to serve papers on [her].

C3. In general use as a modifier, with the sense ‘of, for, or relating to a writ or writs’ (esp. with reference to legal documents), as in writ file, writ form, writ service, etc.

ΚΠ

1643 Edinb. Test. LX. f. 240 in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Writ(e Aucht littell writt buistes estimat all to xvj s.

1822 Rep. Comm. Duties, Salaries, & Emoluments Courts of Justice 106 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 125) XI. 99 The writ file consists of posteas, writs of inquiry, and other writs.

1905 Solicitors' Jrnl. 8 Apr. 403/2 The question is whether the court..ought to allow relief to be given on the footing of a writ action.

1913 Jrnl. Common Council City of Philadelphia Sept. 19–Dec. 30, 1912 II. 353 Expenses of writ service, three thousand dollars.

1934 Cambr. Hist. Jrnl. 4 219 Neither of these difficulties is present in the case of foundation charters in writ form.

1979 J. H. Baker Introd. Eng. Legal Hist. (ed. 2) iv. 51 Bracton said there were as many writ formulae as there were types of action.

C4.

writ-charter n. Medieval History a name for various types of legal document issued by English monarchs (esp. the Anglo-Norman kings), similar in form to the earlier Anglo-Saxon writ (see 4d) but granting land and rights in the manner of a royal charter or diploma.The term writ-charter has been used by historians of different periods to refer to different types of document. H. W. C. Davis (in the work cited in quot. 1913) defined writ-charters in Anglo-Norman contexts as a charter containing a general address, and containing a notification or injunction; more recently Richard Sharpe (in the essay cited in quot. 2004) defined them as writs addressed to a shire court and typically—like a charter—granting or confirming tenure of land or of rights, first attested from the reign of Æthelred II (978–1013, 1014–16) and not found after the 1170s.

ΚΠ

1886 J. C. Jeaffreson Borough of Southampton. List of Charters, Lett. Patent, & other Munim. 1 Writ charter of precept and injunction by Henry the Third to the Barons of the cinq-ports.

1906 Eng. Hist. Rev. July 506 The writ-charter addressed to the shire-moot.

1913 H. W. C. Davis in Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum 1066–1154 I. Introd. p. xxxv. Documents of the breve type have been classified as ‘notifications’ and ‘precepts’. Those described as ‘notifications generally addressed’..might perhaps be described as ‘writ charters’.

1957 Eng. Hist. Rev. Oct. 691 We know too little of the chancery practice of this age [sc. the reign of Henry I] to be sure that the clerks never took a day off from issuing writs and writ-charters to lay out a solemn diploma.

2004 Anglo-Saxon Eng. 47 248 A significant feature visible in the Bury archive is that for each distinct right the abbot of Bury obtained a separate writ-charter from the king.

writ petition n. Law (Indian English) a written order from a higher court to a lower court or courts, instructing them to act, or abstain from acting, in a particular way.

ΚΠ

1951 Madras Law Jrnl. Rep. July–Dec. 598 It is in pursuance of rule 4 that this writ petition came on for hearing before a single Judge with the result which we have mentioned before.

2021 Hindu (Nexis) 25 Jan. The HC [= High Court] had allowed a writ petition by the Association for Advocacy and Legal Initiatives through its managing trustee Tulika Srivastava to intervene in the writ proceedings.

writ-proof adj. that is not subject to or susceptible to being served a writ; not vulnerable to legal action or challenge.

ΚΠ

1840 C. J. Lever Charles O'Malley ii, in Dublin Univ. Mag. Mar. 348/1 For many a year [O'Malley] had passed among the myrmidons of the law, as writ-proof.

1912 M. N. Murfree Raid of Guerilla 76 Ross is writ-proof, the old fool.

1971 K. Amis Girl, 20 (1973) vi. 156 This is only the first draft. You can take it from me that the final version will be writ-proof.

2015 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 3 Jan. (Spectrum section) 21 Journalists must be succinct, lively and clear. Writ-proof too, hence the dialect of attribution, where we read of clear signals, inside sources and eminent figures declining to comment.

† writ-roun n. Obsolete (in plural, in form writ-runen) a written document or message, a letter.For a parallel use of the plural of roun n. with the sense ‘a written message’ in Laȝamon, see quot. c1275¹ at roun n. 2b.Quot. c1275 has sometimes been alternatively interpreted as showing the sense ‘a secret or encoded written message’, but there seems to be no support from the passage itself for such an interpretation.

ΘΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > [noun]

rounOE

pagine?c1225

writ-rounc1275

dite1340

writing1340

paperc1390

scripturea1400

writinga1400

charactc1400

textc1400

papera1500

black and white1569

page?1606

character1609

litera scripta1660

matter1683

legend1822

screed1834

reading1836

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2868 Þa com þer a mon irnen..þe brohte writ-runen.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	writ
释义	writn. Brit. /rɪt/, U.S. /rɪt/ Forms: α. early Old English wreot- (inflected form), Old English urit (Northumbrian), Old English uritt (Northumbrian), Old English uuritt (Northumbrian), Old English wriot- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English wriott- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English write- (in compounds), Old English wuriott- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English wuritt (Northumbrian), Old English (rare)–1600s wryt, Old English (chiefly Northumbrian)–1700s writt, Old English– writ, early Middle English yrite (in a copy of an Old English charter), Middle English vrittys (plural), Middle English weritt (perhaps transmission error), Middle English wriht, Middle English write, Middle English wryȝt, Middle English wryte, Middle English–1600s writte, Middle English–1600s wrytt, Middle English–1600s wrytte, late Middle English wriȝt, late Middle English wryth, late Middle English wyrte, 1500s whrytt; Scottish pre-1700 ryt, pre-1700 urit, pre-1700 vritt, pre-1700 vrych, pre-1700 vrycht, pre-1700 vryte, pre-1700 wirt, pre-1700 writte, pre-1700 wrot, pre-1700 wrott, pre-1700 wryt, pre-1700 wryte, pre-1700 wrytt, pre-1700 wrytte, pre-1700 wyrt, pre-1700 1700s writt, pre-1700 1700s– writ, pre-1700 1800s vrit. β. late Middle English wret, late Middle English wretes (East Anglian, plural), late Middle English wrethe, late Middle English wrettes (plural); Scottish pre-1700 vrett, pre-1700 wret, pre-1700 wrett, pre-1700 1800s vret. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a word inherited from Germanic. Partly formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: i-writ n. Etymology: Probably partly (i) < an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the Germanic base of write v., perhaps cognate with Old Icelandic rit process of writing, something written (see i-writ n.), and partly (ii) shortened < i-writ n.Early history in Germanic and Old English. It is unclear whether i-writ n. and writ n. both go back to Germanic, or whether one of them represents a later formation. Compare discussion of the possible Old Icelandic cognate and related formations in other Germanic languages at i-writ n. In Old English the prefixed form gewrit i-writ n. is significantly more common in all senses and attested earlier in senses 3a, 4a, and 6, but the unprefixed form is also found in early sources (chiefly Anglian or showing Anglian influence). For the occasional shortening of i-writ n. in early Middle English compare, for example, quots. c1175 at sense 2a and c1175 at sense 6. Compare i-swinch n. and the α. forms at swink n. Relationship with write n. Compare write n. and see discussion of the allocation of Middle English and Older Scots evidence at that entry. Compare also hand-writ n. and hand write n. Form history. Middle English wretes at β. forms apparently reflects lengthening of short i to long close ē in an open syllable. Other late Middle English instances of the β. forms probably reflect a sporadic change of short i to short e in the vicinity of a labial (compare R. Jordan Handb. der mittelenglischen Grammatik (ed. 2, 1934) §36). Similarly, the instances in Older Scots probably reflect a lowered realization of the vowel (compare A. J. Aitken & C. Macafee Older Sc. Vowels (2002) §14.15). I. Something recorded, set down, or disseminated in writing and related senses. 1. †a. A written work intended to be published or widely read or studied; esp. a book. Often in plural: the writings or works of an author or group of authors, or from a given period, on a particular subject, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > [noun] i-writeOE bookOE writOE workOE pagine?c1225 lettrurec1330 dite1340 inditing1340 writing1340 scripta1350 dittya1387 stylea1400 scriptiona1425 framec1475 invention1484 piece1533 ditement1556 paperwork1577 composition1603 confection1605 composure?1606 page?1606 the written word1619 performance1665 literature1852 society > leisure > the arts > literature > [noun] > the writings of an author writc1475 author1521 writer1532 scribings1846 oeuvre1889 OE Phoenix 425 Is þon gelicast, þæs þe us leorneras weordum [read wordum] secgað, ond writu cyþað, þisses fugles gefær. c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 573 Hercne his read, þet he þe i þe frumðe of þis writ readde. c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 9655 Herafter sone in þis write Whi he it dede ȝe schul it wite. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 63 Woo to hem þat..writun writtis of vnritfulnes. 1568 (a1508) W. Kennedy Flyting (Bannatyne) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 208 How thy forbearis come..the writ makis me war. 1590 R. Greene Mourning Garment 11 The Authors..in their writtes playne discusse, Fayrer was not Tytirus. 1646 R. Baillie Anabaptism Epist. sig.2^v In the following writ I point at the danger. 1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther* iii. 73 Much malice..Perhaps may censure this mysterious writ. †b. A written message from one person or group to another; a letter. Cf. writ-roun n. at Compounds 4. Obsolete.Quot. OE apparently shows plural of the rare compound ǣrendwrit written message (cf. the more frequent ǣrendgewrit, compound of i-writ n.), but could alternatively be interpreted as showing an otherwise unattested noun ǣrendwrita in sense ‘messenger’ (cf. the variant reading). ΘΠ society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] epistleeOE pistleOE writOE letter?c1225 brief1330 writingc1384 missive letter1519 scroll1534 missive?1553 scrieve1581 favour1645 chitty1698 chit1757 mail letter1799 OE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care* (Cambr. Univ. Libr.) (Dict. Old Eng. transcript) (1871) Pref. 3 Me com swiðe oft on gemynd..hu þa cyningas þe þone anweald hæfdon þæs folces Gode & His æryndwrytum [eOE Hatton ærendwrecum] hyrsumodon. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 1114 Þa hwile þa sende he his writ æfter þone abbot Ernulf of Burh & bebead him þet he efeostlice scolde to him cuman, forþi þet he wolde sprecon mid him dærne sprece. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 7 Sainte powel..wrot þo a writ and sende hit synfulle men. a1225 ( Rule St. Benet (Winteney) (1888) liv. 109 Þæt mynecene ne sculon write [OE Corpus Cambr. ærendgewrita; L. litteras] odðe lac underfon. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1774 Delyuerieþ me þe wryt, þat Charles sente to sir Balanne. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iii. l. 425 The knycht, Schew him the wryt lord Persie had him sent. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 264 All too late I bring this fatall writ . View more context for this quotation 1652 J. Shirley Cardinal iii. 34 This Match was made at home before she sent That cunning writ, in hope to take him off. c1820 Cupid's Garland 7 Perhaps you'll at my scrawl demur, And call't a Valentine. No Valentine I do protest—It is a writ of love. 1883 Sporting Times 10 Nov. 1/4 He promptly chucked into the fire a registered envelope with its contents. Was it the name of the firm on the back that convinced him that a private writ should be more than ordinarily respected? c. More generally: a written document; a piece of writing; a note, notice, etc. Also figurative. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > written record > [noun] bookeOE writlOE rolla1325 conscriptiona1382 lettersa1382 scripturea1382 monument1405 write1483 pancart1577 panchart1587 anagraphy1606 notitia1738 society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > piece or quantity of i-writeOE writlOE hand-writc1175 scritec1325 scripta1350 writingc1384 letterc1390 write1428 briefa1450 titlec1450 scroll1534 escript1550 passagec1550 hand write1567 side1579 scrieve1581 manuscript1600 sheetful1711 page1743 slateful1836 chirograph1844 pageful1859 M1899 lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 963 Aðelwold..fand þa hidde in þa ealde wealle writes þet Headda abbot heafde ær gewriton. a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Lamb.) l. 100 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 165 Al ho habbeð in hore write þet we misduden here. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 2486 Þis writ shal henge bi him þare. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1974 Ðo iacob sag dat sori writ [sc. the bloody coat], He gret. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 3814 Sir, haf here þis writ & schewe him alle newe. 1488–92 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 87 There was a writ fund..sayand: In hac boxa [etc.]. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. clj^v He couered his mynde craftely, that his writte myght haue some shewe. 1586 G. Whitney Choice of Emblemes 143 Th' Emperor..tooke his penne, for to confirme the cause. But all in vayne:..he rente the writte in twaine. 1891 Bp. W. How Let. 11 Mar. in F. D. How Bp. W. How: Mem. (1898) 323 You have a writ given you, which is like a small cake. 1905 Westm. Gaz. 7 Oct. 4/2 The writs of the insane are generally distinguished by great length. 2012 M. Cowan Death Life & Relig. Change in Sc. Towns iv. 138 Above this was to be a table of brass with a writ about the bringing of the relic, and William Preston's arms were to be on this brass. †d. A letter, word, sentence, etc., that is inscribed, engraved, or embossed on a surface, as on a monument, coin, stone, etc. Also figurative. Cf. writing n. 11a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > an inscription > [noun] onwritingOE writinga1382 inwritingc1384 writa1400 scripturec1400 scriptiona1425 style?a1527 inscriptiona1552 epigram1552 inscriptor1603 inscript1611 epigraph1624 scribings1870 wording1908 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8495 Þis writte [on a marble stone] wit fele was red and sene. c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 1136 He bad bulden of marbre A piler.., And þat þei wrouhten a wrytte. a1550 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Wemyss) cvii. l. 592 Epithafy is to say A writt abufe a graif, perfay, That schawis quha in þat graif lyis, And how he liffit and on quhat wis. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne xiii. xl. 242 This found he grauen in the tender rinde,..he mused on this vncouth writ. 1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Triumph of Faith 203 There is writ remaining after sin is acted... Writ written with a pen of iron, and diamond. 2. In singular or plural. The sacred writings of Christianity contained in the Bible; the Scriptures. Also: †a passage of Scripture (obsolete). a. With modifying word, as in Divine Writ, Sacred Writ. Earliest and most frequently in Holy Writ (see Holy Writ n.). ΚΠ OE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Corpus Oxf.) ii. xvi. 152 Æfter þon þe halige writu sprecað. c1175 ( in A. O. Belfour 12th Cent. Homilies in MS Bodl. 343 (1909) 42 Swa swa þæt godcunde writ [OE Vercelli godcunde gewrit] cwæð. c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 495 Wiþ-outen witnesse of holi writ Wisdam weore hit non. c1480 (a1400) St. John Evangelist 184 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 114 Þe fyrste skil..he tuk vt of haly vryte [rhyme it]. 1598 F. Meres tr. Luis de Granada Expos. One & Fifty Psalme in Granados Spirituall & Heauenlie Exercises xxxix. 387 O my Sonne, saith the diuine writ, if thou desirest Wisdome, preserue righteousnes, and the Lord will shew her vnto thee. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. iii. 61 His Weapons, [are] holy Sawes of sacred Writ . View more context for this quotation 1657 N. Billingsley Brachy-martyrologia xiii. 41 Now the Christians enemies abound, Laying their Churches level with the ground; Burn sacred Writs. i'th'open market-places. 1661 N. Eaton Holy Cal. 36 Christ is the Lambe so sacred Writs define. 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 237 Of Daniel, you may read in Holy Writ. 1727 J. G. Scheuchzer tr. E. Kæmpfer Hist. Japan I. i. vi. 86 The Japanese language is one of those, which Sacred Writs mention, that the all-wise Providence hath thought fit..to introduce into the minds of the vain builders of the Babylonian Tower. 1745 R. Pococke Descr. East II. i. 60 Cæsarea..is remarkable in sacred writ upon several accounts. 1805 H. T. Colebrooke in Asiatic Researches (London ed.) (1808) 8 483 Writers on ethics sometimes draw from the Vedas illustrations of moral maxims, and quote from their holy writ passages at full length, in support of ethical precepts. 1817 S. T. Coleridge Tell's Birth-Place in Sibyll. Leaves 264 To Nature and to Holy writ Alone did God the boy commit. 1858 Times 22 May 9/5 If sacred writ is still to furnish themes for our painters, it must be to those rarely-gifted spirits among them who can..feel with more profoundness of belief. 1905 Morpeth Herald 21 Jan. 3/6 The first chapter of Genesis is that part of the impregnable rock of Divine writ against which the fury of sceptical antagonists especially rages. 2014 Early Amer. Lit. 49 524 If one half of sacred writ predominates, it is the New Testament. †b. Without modifying word. Later chiefly with the and capital initial. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > [noun] Holy Writc900 writeOE God's bookOE writOE bookOE Biblea1300 holy lettrurec1330 scripturec1330 the (sacred or holy) writings1340 gospel1393 worda1425 escripture1489 Holy Write1508 theologya1513 the written word1533 Book of God1548 oracle1548 hand biblea1680 good book1740 sacred book1782 the sacred volume1850 bibliotheca1879 Kitab1885 society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > text > [noun] > passage writeOE steadc1175 text1377 scripturec1384 parcela1398 verse1560 versicle1737 verset1861 eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. xx. 246 Þa ða he in wreotum leornade to donne [L. ea quae in scripturis agenda didicerat], þa he in his weorcum wæs geornlice fylgende. OE (Northumbrian) Liturgical Texts (Durham Ritual) in A. H. Thompson & U. Lindelöf Rituale Ecclesiae Dunelmensis (1927) 79 Dicit enim scriptura omnis qui credit in eum non confundetur : cuoeð forðon ðio urit eghuoelc se ðe gelefeð on hine ne bið sceomiende. a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 67 Þenc ðat ðe writt seið þat æure bie ðe mildce ouer ðe rihte dome. ?c1490 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 57 He vsit euer mercy and euer will ffor the writ sayis In eternum [etc.]. 1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles v. 12 At Tharstill, where each man, Thinkes all is writ, he spoken can. View more context for this quotation 1895 Open Court (Chicago) 28 Feb. 4409/1 Now, the Writ tells us we shall love God before all. 3. a. That which is written; written language. Now only as in sense 3b.Quots. lOE and c1275 could alternatively be interpreted as showing the sense ‘a written message’ (cf. sense 1b). Π lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 675 Þa seonde he to Rome Wilfrid biscop to þam pape..& cydde him mid writ & mid worde hu his breðre Peada & Wulfhere & se abbot Saxulf heafden wroht an minstre. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12479 Nu ȝe habbeoð iherd..wulc word heo sendeð us here into vre londe. mid write [c1300 Otho writ] & mid worde. c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 7128 Þe kyng..tolde hem by wrytt his damage. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 24 Þe wysest wees of the werd, as I in writt fynd. 1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) 70 I muse..Quhat way to wryt, or put in vers... The vertew of this writ..is That famenene ar of this figour, Quhilk clippit is antiphratis. c1600 A. Montgomerie Poems (2000) I. 108 Sen wyrt, nor wax nor word is not a word I must perforce ga seik my fathers suord. a1732 T. Boston View Covenant Grace (1734) 266 A Will declared, testified, and signified by Word or Writ. b. Writing of a specified kind, style, or period; the writing of a particular author. Cf. 2a.In early use often with reference to Scripture or sacred writings (cf. sense 2a), and later often referring to the work of canonical writers as authoritative. ΚΠ 1568 R. D. Exhort. to Eng. sig. A.iij Looke back to auncient writ of valiant enterprise: And see with how great foyles their foes your Elders did agrise. 1622 J. Mayer Treasury Eccl. Expos. 266 Barnabas cured the sick with the touch of euangelicall writ. 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iii. 184 If of my raign Prophetic Writ hath told, That it shall never end. View more context for this quotation 1713 A. Pope Windsor-Forest 11 He..Of ancient Writ unlocks the learned Store. 1844 A. W. Kinglake Eothen iv. 65 The mere human surmises, and doubts which clash with Homeric writ! 1915 N.Y. Times Current Hist.: European War 2 548/2 That elegy so briefly fine, That epic writ in half a line, That little which so much conveys, Whose silence is a hymn of praise. 2002 S. M. Buhler Shakespeare in Cinema v. 76 The special effects reinforce the idea that film can be, in its way, a more ‘direct’ translation of Shakespearean writ. Words come to life and [etc.] 4. a. A written document with legal force or validity; a legal document or instrument; spec. a grant, proclamation, etc., issued by a monarch, pope, or other ruler.In this and other senses denoting legal instruments, singular use without the indefinite article is sometimes (esp. in early use) difficult to distinguish from sense 5, ‘written command or authority’.In quot. 1334-5 contextually referring to what is ostensibly an Anglo-Saxon royal writ (cf. sense 4d); however, the source is likely to have been forged after the Norman Conquest. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal document > [noun] writlOE charterc1270 writingc1384 paper1389 monument1405 instrument1426 cartec1449 chart1616 diploma1645 diplome1669 expedition1685 law-writings1701 chirograph1844 lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 963 Hu se papa Agatho hit feostnode mid his write. 1258 Proclam. Henry III in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1868–9) 21 (MED) We senden ȝew þis writ open iseined wiþ vre seel. 1334–5 ( Writ of Edward the Confessor, Ramsey (Sawyer 1110) in F. E. Harmer Anglo-Saxon Writs (1952) 263 Ic hæte & beode mid þis ilce writ, þæt þæt ilce mærke & mære æfter Cnutes delfe kinges stande alswa Ælfwine abbod of Ramesege hit betalde wið Siwarð abbod of Þornege. c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. ii. l. 46 Alle to wytnesse wel what þe writ wolde, In what maner þat mede in mariage was feffid. 1467 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 402 Item, for a nother wrytte uppon his patent of lyvelode, ij.s. vj.d. 1562–3 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 231 That he may haif inspectioun of the saidis writtis producit. c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 91 [He] was made a baron by the Kinges wryt. 1672 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1672/6/50 The writers to the signet and other persones afoirsaid are heirby discharged to forme or write writts of any kind. 1729 T. Innes Crit. Ess. Anc. Inhabitants Scotl. I. Pref. p. xxx A writ under his great seal. 1809 W. Bawdwen tr. Domesday Bk. 239 Witnessing the King's writ for that purpose. 1861 Times 26 July The senior Sheriff's yeoman read Her Majesty's writ, authorizing the Sheriffs to proceed to the election of ‘a fit and discreet citizen’ to serve in Parliament. 1992 A. Goldhammer tr. Y. Thomas in G. Duby et al. Hist. Women in West iii. 130 Antoninus Pius even issued an imperial writ granting a divorced mother the right to keep her children against her husband's will. 2015 Speculum 92 251 The monks were authorized by royal writ to adminster their estates as they pleased. b. Law. A form of written command, order or precept issued in the name of a court or other legal authority (in early use esp. a monarch), requiring the person or people addressed to act (or refrain from acting) in a specified way. (a) With of and a word or phrase denoting the nature of the action required or prohibited, as writ of error, writ of habeas corpus, writ of inquiry, writ of summons, etc. writ of aiel, writ of certiorari, writ of cessavit, writ of distringas, writ of ease, writ of elegit, writ of entry, writ of error, writ of execution, writ of formedon, writ of habeas corpus, writ of injunction, writ of inquiry, writ of manumission, writ of mesne, writ of mort d'ancestor, writ of non est inventus, writ of prohibition, writ of ravishment, writ of rebellion, writ of right, writ of summons, writ of venire facias, writ of waste, etc.: see these words. ΚΠ a1325 Statutes of Realm in MS Rawl. B.520 f. 61^v R. þat is chef lord of þe feo..askez þat lond þoru writ of acheitte. a1400 in K. W. Engeroff Untersuchung ‘Usages of Winchester’ (1914) 86 Ȝif he is y-pleted by wryt of plee of londe. ?1481 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) II. 134 I have send on to yowr Maysterchepp for my wrethe of subpena..ij. s. vj. d. 1568–9 in R. Bolton Statutes Ireland (1621) 325 Any writt of dower. 1643 J. Caryl Expos. Job (1676) I. 967 A writ or patent of protection. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) Writ of Assistance,..of Privelege,..of Rebellion. 1865 Act 28 & 29 Vict. c. 104 §47 A Writ of Diem clausit extremum may be issued. 1968 Calif. Law Rev. 56 362 He is entitled to the writ of habeas corpus only to remedy the situation, not to redress him for any wrong suffered. 2009 B. H. Mann Republic of Debtors (new ed.) i. 18 Litigation..typically began aggressively, even punitively, with the creditor suing out a writ of attachment for the debtor's arrest and imprisonment. (b) Without of and modifying word or phrase. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > writ writa1400 write1516 writing of divorce1568 noverint1592 society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > writ > royal writ writa1400 schedule1622 a1400 in K. W. Engeroff Untersuchung ‘Usages of Winchester’ (1914) 88 (MED) Þe wryt þat me pledeth in þe citee by-fore justyces..beþ empne. a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 206 The sewters..shold come fully to the strengthe of the courte for the kyngis breef or writte. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xxxiiii A wryt was directed vnto the Mayre and Aldermen chargynge theym that y^e kynges peas were fermely kepte within the Cytie. a1596 Sir Thomas More (1911) iii. i. 29 Bring them away to execution: The writt is come abooue two houres since. 1602 2nd Pt. Returne fr. Parnassus v. iii. 2104 To be briefe Academico, writts are out for me, to apprehend me. 1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (lxxiii. 4 Annot.) 358/1 There are no writts signed for their execution. 1717 M. Prior Dove xviii This cruel Writ, wherein you stand Indicted. 1810 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 2) II. xxi. 841 After possession has been given under the writ. 1874 W. P. Lennox My Recoll. I. 281 A brother of an M.P., finding sundry writs out against him. 2010 P. D. Halliday Habeas Corpus ii. 61 Insertion of this general warning continued to increase, whether or not the writ issued as an alias or contained a subpoena. c. spec. Originally: a formal written order summoning a peer or member of the Commons to attend Parliament. Now chiefly: a legal instrument requiring that an election be held to select a member or members of Parliament or another deliberative body.Quot. ?a1425 could alternatively be interpreted as showing a use of sense 5, ‘written authority’.See also to drop the (election) writ at Phrases 3. ΚΠ ?a1425 (a1400) Brut (Corpus Cambr.) 324 To þe parlement was sompned by wryt, of men of holy chirche, iiij bisshopes & iiij abbotes. 1455 Petition in Rotuli Parl. (1767–77) V. 335/2 He was elect Abbot of Bury after the seid Parlement somond, and hadde never Writte of Parlement. 1573 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 147 The whrytt for reioynyng ye Parlament. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 636 Then was Edward Nevill by the Kings writ called unto the Parliament. 1659 W. Prynne (title) The first part of a brief register, kalendar and survey of the several kinds, forms of all parliamentary writs. 1660 W. Prynne 2nd Pt. Brief Reg. Parl. Writs 25 This Ayde..was doubtless no Parliamentary Ayde..; and so this Writ no Writ of Summons or election to a Parliament. 1688 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 597 Writs issued now in order to the Parliament. 1729 G. Jacob New Law-dict. at Parliament Among the Parliament Writs 14 Eliz. 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. III. lx. 292 They issued some writs for new elections. 1861 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1869) II. 117 In 1264 [the Earl of Leicester] set the first example of issuing writs to cities and boroughs. 1888 J. Williams in Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 697/1 The writ is to be returned by the returning officer..with the name of the member elected endorsed on the writ. 2020 Irish Times (Nexis) 2 Dec. 4 The Independent Group of Senators has moved the writ for the Seanad byelection to fill a vacancy following the resignation of former Fine Gael senator Michael D'Arcy from the agriculture panel. d. Anglo-Saxon History. A legal document, shorter than a typical royal charter or diploma, written in the vernacular, cast in the form of an address by the issuing party, and authenticated by the issuer's seal.In Old English sometimes referred to as gewrit (cf. quot. lOE at i-writ n. 1a), but apparently only as a contextual use of the more general sense ‘a written document with legal force’ (see sense 4a). Similarly, references to documents of this kind as writs before the 19th cent. probably show a contextual use of this more general sense. Compare also quot. 1334-5 at sense 4a. ΚΠ 1849 J. M. Kemble Saxons in Eng. II. v. 166 The writs of the kings, touching judicial processes, and other matters connected with the public service, were directed to the ealdorman, bishop and sheriff of the district, as a general rule. 1896 Eng. Hist. Rev. 11 733 I am driven to use diploma to describe the solemn dispositive instrument..as distinguished from the writ, the brief document that simply notifies to others that the king has made a certain gift. 1952 F. E. Harmer Anglo-Saxon Writs i. 3 Conclusions regarding the characteristics of the writ form in Anglo-Saxon England have so far been based almost entirely upon the surviving writs of the closing years of the tenth, and of the eleventh, century. 2007 S. E. Kelly Charters of Bath & Wells 173 The compilers may have been selective in including from the Anglo-Saxon period only a selection of royal writs. 5. Written command, order, or authority. In later use also more generally: a person's power, authority, or command. Frequently following a preposition, as in by writ. See also a person's (etc.) writ runs at Phrases 2. ΘΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > a command > written writa1400 a1400 in K. W. Engeroff Untersuchung ‘Usages of Winchester’ (1914) 84 (MED) Whanne þe heste is to don, þe furste somaunce on him be y-maked or he come to towne, ȝif hit ne be pley of lond by wryt. a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Fox, Wolf, & Husbandman l. 2278 in Poems (1981) 86 Haue ȝe witnes or writ for to schau? c1520 Vox populi 328 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1866) III. 279 Lysens to compownde..By fyne or wrytte of post. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 78 Touchyng appellatyonys in causys & removyng by wrytt. 1705 London Gaz. No. 4103/3 Her Majesty hath been..pleased, by Writ, to Call [him] to the House of Lords. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 148 The convention in 1688..did not assemble without writ. 1808 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius II. 1020 [When] the proceedings..have been instituted in the county court by plaint, and not by writ. 2007 New Straits Times (Malaysia) (Nexis) 9 Sept. 20 Instead of putting money into people's pockets by writ of the Treasury, Prime Minister and Finance Minister Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi chose to make it easier for everyone to buy and pay for homes. †II. Written form or condition. 6. The state or condition of having been written; written form. Frequently in in writ. Cf. writing n. 7. Obsolete (Scottish in later use). ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > state of having been written > [noun] writc1175 writingc1330 written hand1520 c1175 Ælfric Lives of Saints (Bodl.) (O.E.D. transcript) (1900) II. 332 Felæ wundræ..þe we her nyllæð on write [OE Julius on gewrite] setten. ?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 156 Sleiȝ he was..Þat þis lore put in writte. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 13 To put in wryt a suthfast story. 1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. B When in writ I do theirof reherse. a1650 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) II. 446 The Bishop of Rosse his memorialls, left in writt. 1684 G. Mackenzie Instit. Law Scotl. (1694) 212 A Testament..does require to be in Writ. Phrases P1. keeper of the writs n. (also with capital initials) now historical (the title of) an officer in the Courts of Common Pleas and King's (or Queen's) Bench, who has the custody of writs, warrants, and other documents; = custos brevium n.Also more fully keeper of the writs and rolls, keeper of the writs and records, keeper of the writs, rolls, and records. ΚΠ 1627 R. Bernard Isle of Man (ed. 4) ii. 116 There is also the Clerke of the Assises, the keeper of the Writs, that hath all the Inditements. 1647 L. Haward Charges Crown Revenue 3 Keeper of the Writs and Rolls, Fee. 1742 J. Anderson Geneal. Hist. House of Yvery I. i. ii. 28 King Charles II..granted the Reversion of the Offices of Clerk of the Crown in the King's Bench, Prothonotary and Chief Clerk of the Common Pleas, and Keeper of the Writs, Rolls &c. in the said Court, to them during their natural Lives. 1858 T. F. Ellis & C. Blackburn Rep. Queen's Bench 7 41 In Herbert v. Paget..a majority of the Judges of this Court held that the keeper of the writs and records of this Court was liable to an action by a party who was injured by an improper alteration of a record. 1964 Amer. Jrnl. Legal Hist. 8 193 Five persons, including the Keeper of the Writs and one of the clerks of the Counter at London, were involved. 2015 A. Gransden Hist. Abbey Bury St Edmunds 1257–1301 49 Roger of Leicester..was a court clerk and from 1262 keeper of the writs and rolls. P2. a person's (etc.) writ runs: the power or authority of a person, organization, state, etc., is recognized or effective in a specified place or sphere (cf. run v. 61a). In early use with specific reference to the written authority of a monarch, court, etc. Frequently in negative contexts, as a person's (an organization's, etc.) writ does not run. Π 1594 W. West Of Chancerie sig. R4^v in Symbolæogr.: 2nd Pt. It may be he was borne where the kinges writ runneth not, as in Ireland, Calice, Barwicke, &c. 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Rrr4^v Tabling of Fines, is the making of a table for euery countie, where his Maiesties writ runneth, conteining the contents of euery fine, that shall passe in any one terme. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. vi. 79 An exclusive jurisdiction..in which the king's ordinary writ does not run. 1890 S. Lane-Poole Barbary Corsairs i. viii. 86 It may be doubted whether the Sultan's writ would have run in either of his new provinces. 1892 Ld. Tennyson Foresters iv. 48 Lawful King, Whose writ will run thro' all the range of life. 1931 J. Buchan Blanket of Dark xiv. 330 The writ of England shall run from Thule and the Ebudes to the Narrow Seas. 1962 Listener 11 Jan. 51/2 Inside the area which a substantial power regards as its own backyard, the writ of the United Nations does not run. 1981 G. Priestland At Large (1983) 122 I have a sneaking primitive feeling..that God's writ does not entirely run at sea. 2002 Nation (N.Y.) 13 May 9/1 The one place in the world where a superpower's writ does not run. P3. Canadian. to drop the (election) writ: to call an election; cf. sense 4c. ΚΠ 1968 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 21 Jan. (Home ed.) 2/2 Things will quiet down again until the election writ is dropped. Then it will be up to the voters. 2003 National Post (Canada) 29 Mar. a16/5 He said concerns over a summer hydro shortage..will force the government to drop the writ soon. Compounds †C1. As a modifier, designating implements or materials used for writing, as in writ book, writ iron, etc. Obsolete (Scottish in later use).In Old English in compounds denoting styluses and writing tablets. ΚΠ OE (Northumbrian) Epist. Jerome to Damasus 2 Calamo imperauimus ut..reliqua manere pateremur : mið pinn uel urittsæx we gehehtun ðæt..ða æfterra gewuna we ondetað. OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 13 Aug. (2013) 160 Hi hyne ofslogen mid heora writbredum, ond hine ofsticodon mid hira writeyrenum. 1659 A. Hay Diary 15 May (1901) 13 I went to sermon.., and becaus my man had lost my sermon writt book, I resolved to write this dayes sermons on this book as followes. C2. a. With participles, agent nouns, and verbal nouns, forming compounds in which writ expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in writ-making, writ-reading, writ-serving (adjectives and nouns); writ-dodger, writ-issuer, writ-reader.See also writ-server n. at Compounds 2b. Π 1538 Breadalbane Court Bk. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) At he hes nocht satefeit the said Archibald at the said day of this writ making. 1781 Reading not preaching ii. 5 To apply this to our writ-reading clergy. 1781 Reading not preaching ii. 7 All that writ-readers can read. 2001 I. Sinclair Landor's Tower (2002) i. ii. 19 This bumbling writ-dodger, infamous throughout the booktrade for his rubber cheques. b. writ-server n. Law a person who formally delivers a writ or other legal document; spec. one who does this as an occupation; a process server, a bailiff. ΚΠ 1832 Bill for Regulation of Service of Writs issuing from Superior Courts Ireland 13 (margin) in Parl. Papers 1831–2 (H.C. 165) IV. 765 Regulates Attendance of Writ Servers at Quarter Sessions. 1899 Sunday Times (Chattanooga, Tennessee) 5 Mar. 12/3 The writ-server who served the summons for jury service on him. 1962 R. Cook Crust on its Uppers i. 22 A good solid heavy like Chas to deal with the writ-servers. 2004 Philadelphia Daily News (Nexis) 5 Mar. 8 The fun began when a writ-server attempted to serve papers on [her]. C3. In general use as a modifier, with the sense ‘of, for, or relating to a writ or writs’ (esp. with reference to legal documents), as in writ file, writ form, writ service, etc. ΚΠ 1643 Edinb. Test. LX. f. 240 in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Writ(e Aucht littell writt buistes estimat all to xvj s. 1822 Rep. Comm. Duties, Salaries, & Emoluments Courts of Justice 106 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 125) XI. 99 The writ file consists of posteas, writs of inquiry, and other writs. 1905 Solicitors' Jrnl. 8 Apr. 403/2 The question is whether the court..ought to allow relief to be given on the footing of a writ action. 1913 Jrnl. Common Council City of Philadelphia Sept. 19–Dec. 30, 1912 II. 353 Expenses of writ service, three thousand dollars. 1934 Cambr. Hist. Jrnl. 4 219 Neither of these difficulties is present in the case of foundation charters in writ form. 1979 J. H. Baker Introd. Eng. Legal Hist. (ed. 2) iv. 51 Bracton said there were as many writ formulae as there were types of action. C4. writ-charter n. Medieval History a name for various types of legal document issued by English monarchs (esp. the Anglo-Norman kings), similar in form to the earlier Anglo-Saxon writ (see 4d) but granting land and rights in the manner of a royal charter or diploma.The term writ-charter has been used by historians of different periods to refer to different types of document. H. W. C. Davis (in the work cited in quot. 1913) defined writ-charters in Anglo-Norman contexts as a charter containing a general address, and containing a notification or injunction; more recently Richard Sharpe (in the essay cited in quot. 2004) defined them as writs addressed to a shire court and typically—like a charter—granting or confirming tenure of land or of rights, first attested from the reign of Æthelred II (978–1013, 1014–16) and not found after the 1170s. ΚΠ 1886 J. C. Jeaffreson Borough of Southampton. List of Charters, Lett. Patent, & other Munim. 1 Writ charter of precept and injunction by Henry the Third to the Barons of the cinq-ports. 1906 Eng. Hist. Rev. July 506 The writ-charter addressed to the shire-moot. 1913 H. W. C. Davis in Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum 1066–1154 I. Introd. p. xxxv. Documents of the breve type have been classified as ‘notifications’ and ‘precepts’. Those described as ‘notifications generally addressed’..might perhaps be described as ‘writ charters’. 1957 Eng. Hist. Rev. Oct. 691 We know too little of the chancery practice of this age [sc. the reign of Henry I] to be sure that the clerks never took a day off from issuing writs and writ-charters to lay out a solemn diploma. 2004 Anglo-Saxon Eng. 47 248 A significant feature visible in the Bury archive is that for each distinct right the abbot of Bury obtained a separate writ-charter from the king. writ petition n. Law (Indian English) a written order from a higher court to a lower court or courts, instructing them to act, or abstain from acting, in a particular way. ΚΠ 1951 Madras Law Jrnl. Rep. July–Dec. 598 It is in pursuance of rule 4 that this writ petition came on for hearing before a single Judge with the result which we have mentioned before. 2021 Hindu (Nexis) 25 Jan. The HC [= High Court] had allowed a writ petition by the Association for Advocacy and Legal Initiatives through its managing trustee Tulika Srivastava to intervene in the writ proceedings. writ-proof adj. that is not subject to or susceptible to being served a writ; not vulnerable to legal action or challenge. ΚΠ 1840 C. J. Lever Charles O'Malley ii, in Dublin Univ. Mag. Mar. 348/1 For many a year [O'Malley] had passed among the myrmidons of the law, as writ-proof. 1912 M. N. Murfree Raid of Guerilla 76 Ross is writ-proof, the old fool. 1971 K. Amis Girl, 20 (1973) vi. 156 This is only the first draft. You can take it from me that the final version will be writ-proof. 2015 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 3 Jan. (Spectrum section) 21 Journalists must be succinct, lively and clear. Writ-proof too, hence the dialect of attribution, where we read of clear signals, inside sources and eminent figures declining to comment. † writ-roun n. Obsolete (in plural, in form writ-runen) a written document or message, a letter.For a parallel use of the plural of roun n. with the sense ‘a written message’ in Laȝamon, see quot. c1275¹ at roun n. 2b.Quot. c1275 has sometimes been alternatively interpreted as showing the sense ‘a secret or encoded written message’, but there seems to be no support from the passage itself for such an interpretation. ΘΠ society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] rounOE pagine?c1225 writ-rounc1275 dite1340 writing1340 paperc1390 scripturea1400 writinga1400 charactc1400 textc1400 papera1500 black and white1569 page?1606 character1609 litera scripta1660 matter1683 legend1822 screed1834 reading1836 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2868 Þa com þer a mon irnen..þe brohte writ-runen. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022). writv. Brit. /rɪt/, U.S. /rɪt/, Irish English /rɪt/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: writ n. Etymology: < writ n. 1. transitive (often in passive). Originally Irish English. To serve (a person) with a writ; to issue a writ against; to sue, to cite. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > serve with writ serve1462 serve?1538 to serve in1630 mandamus1823 writ1878 1878 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 13 Nov. 3/1 Another gallant A.D.C., one connected with Ireland,..was ‘writted’ as co-respondent in another case before being off to the war. 1894 E. Œ. Somerville & ‘M. Ross’ Real Charlotte xxviii ‘Why don't ye writ her for the money?’ said Charlotte, the spirit of her attorney grandfather gleaming in her eyes; ‘that'd frighten her!’ 1905 ‘G. Holmes’ Mysterious Disappearance v. 42 ‘There are generally serious reasons when a man disguises himself in such a fashion.’ ‘The reason he gave me was that he dreaded being writted for liability regarding the shares I mentioned to you.’ 1941 P. Howard Innocent Men i. ii. 22 If a man was given a job or fired, recieved a bonus or a reprimand, was being writted for libel or had quarrelled with Beaverbrook—she heard it all before anybody else. 2. transitive (often in passive). U.S. Law. With out, to, into, etc. To release (a person) from custody by means of a writ; to commit to prison, summon to a court, a place for official questioning, etc., using a writ. ΚΠ 1947 Rep. District Courts of Appeal Calif. 80 86 He informed me that he wouldn't be in jail long, that he had made arrangements to have himself writted out. 1980 Teletype Message 17 June (U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation: CG 189-981-481) 2 in Ronald Jarrett (archive.org, accessed 18 May 2021) He is expected to be writted to MCC, Chicago, for detailed debriefing. 2000 J. M. Beal Supplemental Individual Brief of Appellant in U.S.A., Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Trenzy Wilson, Defendant-Appellant (U.S. Court of Appeals, 7th Circuit) 17 The defendants sought to have the prospective witness..writted into court as soon as they learned that there was a need for his testimony. 2019 Pantagraph (Bloomington, Illinois) (Nexis) 14 Aug. a5 Aliens in ICE custody who are in the process of being criminally prosecuted by local law enforcement may be ‘writted’ back to local custody. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). < n.eOEv.1878
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writn.

Phrases

Compounds

writv.