† yferen.

Forms: Old English gefera, Middle English ifere, ivere, Middle English iuære, iuare, ifære, ifeire, yfere. plural Old English geferan, Middle English ȝeferen, Middle English iferen, Middle English ifere, iuere, Middle English yfere, yuere, Middle English iveres.

Etymology: Old English geféra , < ge- y- prefix 1a + fœ̄r-, mutated < fōr-: faran to go.

Obsolete.

A companion, mate, fellow, associate.

ΘΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > [noun]

yferec870

brothereOE

ymonec950

headlingOE

ferec975

fellowOE

friendOE

eveningOE

evenlinglOE

even-nexta1225

compeerc1275

monec1300

companiona1325

partnerc1330

peerc1330

neighbour?c1335

falec1380

matec1380

makec1385

companya1425

sociatec1430

marrow1440

partyc1443

customera1450

conferec1450

pareil?c1450

comparcionerc1475

resortc1475

socius1480

copartner?1504

billy?a1513

accomplice1550

panion1553

consorterc1556

compartner1564

co-mate1576

copemate1577

competitor1579

consociate1579

coach-companion1589

comrade1591

consort1592

callant1597

comrado1598

associate1601

coach-fellow1602

rival1604

social1604

concomitanta1639

concerner1639

consociator1646

compane1647

societary1652

bor1677

socius1678

interessora1687

companioness1691

rendezvouser1742

connection1780

frater1786

matey1794

pardner1795

left bower1829

running mate1867

stable companion1868

pard1872

buddy1895

maat1900

bro1922

stable-mate1941

bredda1969

Ndugu1973

c870 Codex Aureus Inscr. Ic Aelfred aldormon & Werburg min gefera.

c1000 Ælfric Genesis iii. 12 Þæt wif, þæt þu me forgeafe to geferan.

a1200 Moral Ode 229 In helle his hunger and þurst, twa uuele iuere.

a1225 Juliana 48 Englene ifere ant arcanglene freond.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12982 Arður hine teh bi-siden his iferen [c1300 Otho iveres].

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 5994 Vor suan..adde euere is yuere, Þre velawes þat next him were.

a1300 K. Horn 235 Hom rod Aylmer þe kyng, Ant horn wiþ him..Ant alle his yfere.

a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 6906 Þoo wepe þe kyng & hise yfere.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

† yfereadv.

Forms: Middle English ifere, yvere, Middle English–1700s yfere, Middle English yfeere, yffere, 1500s yfeere, yfeare, Scottish yfeir. β. Middle English yferes, 1500s Scottish yferis.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. The available evidence favours on the whole the supposition that the adverb arose out of the predicative use of ifere , plural of yfere n. ‘companions, associates’, hence ‘associated’ (see introductory quots. below); if this were so, the form in fere (from c1330) arose from analysing ifere as i , in prep. + fere n.² With the β-form compare togethers adv., and see -s suffix¹.

Obsolete (from 6 to 8 archaic)

In company; together. (Extensively used in Middle English poetry as a rhyming tag; rare in prose.)

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > [adverb]

yferea1200

i-menec1200

in ferec1275

in commona1382

alongst with1582

along1600

in harness1873

in tow (with)1907

in tandem1930

(to be) in on the act1951

the world > relative properties > relationship > accompaniment > [adverb] > together

withc888

to-samec893

amongeOE

togethersc1175

yferea1200

i-menec1200

togetherc1220

ymonec1300

i-samec1320

insamea1400

alongst with1582

jointly1656

concomitantly1696

collaterally1800

associatively1880

in tandem1930

in harness1967

a1200 Moral Ode 229 In helle his hunger and þurst, twa uuele iuere.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13693 Twein kinges þere æuere weoren ifere.

c1275 Laȝamon Brut 24750 Euere tweine and tweyne wenden i-vere [earlier text Æuer tweie and tweie tuhte to-somne ælc mid his honde heold his iuere].

a1300 S. Michael in Pop. Treat. Sci. (1841) 136 Ther is turment strong Of wynd, of water, and of fur, and thaye threo were i-fere.]

a1300 XV Signa 117 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 11 Al þe see sal draw ifere as a walle to stond up riȝt.c1330 Assump. Virg. (B.M. MS.) 859 Cryst of heuene..Amonge þe apostles sone he lyȝt, And gret hem alle yfere.13.. Gosp. Nicod. (A.) 751 And þai for skorne sayd alle yfere.c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 1116 With þat þey wente arm in arm y fere [v.rr. in fere, yfere] In to þe gardeyn from þe chaumbre doun.a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2267 In caue þei lyen, & slepen samen y-fere.c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1269 We buþ knyȝtes alle y-vere y-born in douce fraunce.c1400 26 Pol. Poems xvii. 192 What soule is syk, lay þat herbe aboue, Hit makeþ hool al y-fere.1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 2295 And whan I herde al thys yfere, I wex abaysshed in my chere.c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 18 Þan take Pepyr, an Safroun, an Brede, y-grounde y-fere.1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 188 Syne folowit all hir dameselis yfere.1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. R.iii Harpalus and eke Corin Were herdmen both yfere.1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Aij^v They feede and feele the fruit of that, Which once they gott yfeare.1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. Sii As litle ioy I feare, should we feele yfere, as did the two vnsensible pictures.1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ix. sig. H5 O goodly golden chayne, wherewith yfere The vertues linked are in louely wize.1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. C8 Then let's all go yfere.1748 J. Thomson Castle of Indolence ii. xxxv And much they moraliz'd as thus yfere they yode.1768 H. Downman Land of Muses lv There passed by the sister Graces bright,..Benevolence and Gratitude y-fere.β. ?c1390 Form of Cury i. xxii. (1780) 20 Take brede and þ^e self broth and drawe it up yferes.1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. v. 25 Baith matrouns, and thair husbandis, all yferis.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	yfere
释义	† yferen. Forms: Old English gefera, Middle English ifere, ivere, Middle English iuære, iuare, ifære, ifeire, yfere. plural Old English geferan, Middle English ȝeferen, Middle English iferen, Middle English ifere, iuere, Middle English yfere, yuere, Middle English iveres. Etymology: Old English geféra , < ge- y- prefix 1a + fœ̄r-, mutated < fōr-: faran to go. Obsolete. A companion, mate, fellow, associate. ΘΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > [noun] yferec870 brothereOE ymonec950 headlingOE ferec975 fellowOE friendOE eveningOE evenlinglOE even-nexta1225 compeerc1275 monec1300 companiona1325 partnerc1330 peerc1330 neighbour?c1335 falec1380 matec1380 makec1385 companya1425 sociatec1430 marrow1440 partyc1443 customera1450 conferec1450 pareil?c1450 comparcionerc1475 resortc1475 socius1480 copartner?1504 billy?a1513 accomplice1550 panion1553 consorterc1556 compartner1564 co-mate1576 copemate1577 competitor1579 consociate1579 coach-companion1589 comrade1591 consort1592 callant1597 comrado1598 associate1601 coach-fellow1602 rival1604 social1604 concomitanta1639 concerner1639 consociator1646 compane1647 societary1652 bor1677 socius1678 interessora1687 companioness1691 rendezvouser1742 connection1780 frater1786 matey1794 pardner1795 left bower1829 running mate1867 stable companion1868 pard1872 buddy1895 maat1900 bro1922 stable-mate1941 bredda1969 Ndugu1973 c870 Codex Aureus Inscr. Ic Aelfred aldormon & Werburg min gefera. c1000 Ælfric Genesis iii. 12 Þæt wif, þæt þu me forgeafe to geferan. a1200 Moral Ode 229 In helle his hunger and þurst, twa uuele iuere. a1225 Juliana 48 Englene ifere ant arcanglene freond. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12982 Arður hine teh bi-siden his iferen [c1300 Otho iveres]. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 5994 Vor suan..adde euere is yuere, Þre velawes þat next him were. a1300 K. Horn 235 Hom rod Aylmer þe kyng, Ant horn wiþ him..Ant alle his yfere. a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 6906 Þoo wepe þe kyng & hise yfere. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2021). † yfereadv. Forms: Middle English ifere, yvere, Middle English–1700s yfere, Middle English yfeere, yffere, 1500s yfeere, yfeare, Scottish yfeir. β. Middle English yferes, 1500s Scottish yferis. Etymology: Origin uncertain. The available evidence favours on the whole the supposition that the adverb arose out of the predicative use of ifere , plural of yfere n. ‘companions, associates’, hence ‘associated’ (see introductory quots. below); if this were so, the form in fere (from c1330) arose from analysing ifere as i , in prep. + fere n.² With the β-form compare togethers adv., and see -s suffix¹. Obsolete (from 6 to 8 archaic) In company; together. (Extensively used in Middle English poetry as a rhyming tag; rare in prose.) ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > [adverb] yferea1200 i-menec1200 in ferec1275 in commona1382 alongst with1582 along1600 in harness1873 in tow (with)1907 in tandem1930 (to be) in on the act1951 the world > relative properties > relationship > accompaniment > [adverb] > together withc888 to-samec893 amongeOE togethersc1175 yferea1200 i-menec1200 togetherc1220 ymonec1300 i-samec1320 insamea1400 alongst with1582 jointly1656 concomitantly1696 collaterally1800 associatively1880 in tandem1930 in harness1967 a1200 Moral Ode 229 In helle his hunger and þurst, twa uuele iuere. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13693 Twein kinges þere æuere weoren ifere. c1275 Laȝamon Brut 24750 Euere tweine and tweyne wenden i-vere [earlier text Æuer tweie and tweie tuhte to-somne ælc mid his honde heold his iuere]. a1300 S. Michael in Pop. Treat. Sci. (1841) 136 Ther is turment strong Of wynd, of water, and of fur, and thaye threo were i-fere.] a1300 XV Signa 117 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 11 Al þe see sal draw ifere as a walle to stond up riȝt.c1330 Assump. Virg. (B.M. MS.) 859 Cryst of heuene..Amonge þe apostles sone he lyȝt, And gret hem alle yfere.13.. Gosp. Nicod. (A.) 751 And þai for skorne sayd alle yfere.c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 1116 With þat þey wente arm in arm y fere [v.rr. in fere, yfere] In to þe gardeyn from þe chaumbre doun.a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2267 In caue þei lyen, & slepen samen y-fere.c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1269 We buþ knyȝtes alle y-vere y-born in douce fraunce.c1400 26 Pol. Poems xvii. 192 What soule is syk, lay þat herbe aboue, Hit makeþ hool al y-fere.1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 2295 And whan I herde al thys yfere, I wex abaysshed in my chere.c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 18 Þan take Pepyr, an Safroun, an Brede, y-grounde y-fere.1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 188 Syne folowit all hir dameselis yfere.1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. R.iii Harpalus and eke Corin Were herdmen both yfere.1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Aij^v They feede and feele the fruit of that, Which once they gott yfeare.1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. Sii As litle ioy I feare, should we feele yfere, as did the two vnsensible pictures.1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ix. sig. H5 O goodly golden chayne, wherewith yfere The vertues linked are in louely wize.1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. C8 Then let's all go yfere.1748 J. Thomson Castle of Indolence ii. xxxv And much they moraliz'd as thus yfere they yode.1768 H. Downman Land of Muses lv There passed by the sister Graces bright,..Benevolence and Gratitude y-fere.β. ?c1390 Form of Cury i. xxii. (1780) 20 Take brede and þ^e self broth and drawe it up yferes.1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. v. 25 Baith matrouns, and thair husbandis, all yferis. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c870adv.a1200
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