| 释义 |
admonishv. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French amonester. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French amonester, Middle French admonester, admonnester, ammonester, amonnester (French admonester , admonéter ) to exhort (c1170 in Old French as admonester ), to remind (end of the 12th cent.), to warn against, dissuade (13th cent. or earlier), to rebuke (end of the 13th cent.), to advise, recommend (1342), ultimately < classical Latin admonēre (also ammonēre ) to remind, to put in mind of, to advise, to urge, to warn, to inform, to rebuke ( < ad- ad- prefix + monēre to advise, warn: see moneo n.), perhaps with alteration after another Latin word (see note). Compare post-classical Latin amonestare (1158 in a Spanish source; apparently < a Romance form), Old Occitan amonestar, Catalan amonestar (13th cent.), Spanish amonestar (end of the 12th cent.), Portuguese admoestar (14th cent. as amoestar), Italian †ammonestare (13th cent.).The formation with -est- in the Romance languages may have arisen by association with e.g. classical Latin comest- , past participial stem of comedere to eat (see comestible adj.). Further possible (formal) models include classical Latin molestāre (see molest v.), as well as honestus honest adj. and admodestare (compare modest adj.). The α. and γ. forms reflect forms of the French verb. In the β. and δ. forms, the final -t was lost (perhaps after being reinterpreted as a form of the past participial ending: see -ed suffix1), and the suffix subsequently remodelled after -ish suffix1. Compare the variant readings in the following example:c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §583 Whan a man is sharpely amonested [c1415 Landsd. amonesched, c1425 Petworth amonased] in his shrifte to forleten his synne. the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > advise [verb (transitive)] > to do something a1325 (2011) v. 7 Ant te king amonesteth þe prelas..þat suuche þat beth so endited an aretted..on none manere ne ben deliuered biþoute cler purgacion, so þat te king nabbe no mister to don oþer remedie. 1340 (1866) 101 (MED) Þis uerste word..þe amonesteþ, þet þou by bold and of guode wylle. c1400 (?c1380) (1920) 818 (MED) Loth..his men amonestes, mete for to dyȝt. c1450 tr. (Royal) 37 (MED) Dere sone, y amonysshe the that thou vse chyvalrie in dedis of armes. a1500 (Rawl.) (1896) 57 (MED) Heruey of montmurthy..mych amonneschyd the Erle, that he sholde wend to the kynge. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart I. ccccxix. 733 Admonyst your people to do well their deuoyre. 1557 (Copland) v. viii Syrs I admonest you that thys daye ye fyght..as men. 1587 W. Raleigh 15 Aug. (1999) 38 Her Majestie..willed my lord to admonych you that you shold presently performe the contents of her former letters. 1611 M. Smith in Transl. Pref. 11 Doth not a margine do well to admonish the Reader to seeke further? 1668 H. P. Cressy xvi. viii. 388 He sett the said young maid at his feet, admonishing her to attend diligently and affectuously to his admonitions. 1709 J. Strype tr. Beza in I. xliv. 454 To send their Letter..to the Queen and Bishops, to admonish them to their Duty. 1718 I. Newton Let. 8 Apr. in (1976) VI. 443 My Lords admonish him to hasten the passing of the Indenture for Coyning Gold & Silver. 1781 E. Gibbon II. xli. 502 He admonished the usurper to repent of his treason. 1817 W. Pitt i. 168 The owner, said the he had often been admonished by it in time of harvest to fetch-in his corn. 1860 J. Tyndall i. §16. 117 Bennen admonished me to tread in his steps. 1903 Oct. 954 The teacher was admonished that he should never ‘nag’ the students. 1936 E. A. Powell xi. 154 A dangerous road despite its skilful engineering, as attested by the frequent signs admonishing motorists to drive cautiously. 2002 Oct. 110/1 Joy dispenses advice on various brands while admonishing us to start all pans on low heat. c1384 (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. iv. 14 I write not thes thingis, that I confounde ȝou, but I amoneste, or warne [L. moneo], as my moost dereworthe sones. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour (St. John's Cambr.) viii. 348 Bot he mycht nocht amonist [1489 Adv. ammonys] swa That ony for him vald turne agane. a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 18 (MED) We must bere togidres..helpe togidre, teche & amonisshe togidre. 1550 J. Hooper iii. f. liv Euen as here is occacion to admonishe of iustice towardes euil doers, so is it to speake of warre. 1651 C. Cartwright ii. 16 Luther admonishing to obey the Civil Magistrate. 1698 J. Howe 18 His Benignity and Goodness, which would not amazingly terrifie, where he design'd more gently to admonish and instruct. 1703 tr. S. von Pufendorf iv. i. 279/2 The Tone of the Voice (which is different according as we either teach or admonish, or flatter and court, or chide and reprove). 1794 A. Bruce 66 In edicts formerly published by civil or ecclesiastical authority, admonishing or censuring, it has [etc.]. 1830 G. S. Faber (ed. 2) i. iii. 53 Peter should have something preëxcellent above those who should thrice admonish. 1855 R. Browning 194 Something, a word, a tick o' the blood within Admonishes. 1928 G. S. Viereck & P. Eldridge lvi. 300 He is like an archbishop, always admonishing, always warning. 1996 V. S. Walker v. 132 If he thought a student was not taking education seriously, he was quick to admonish. 3. the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > advise [verb (transitive)] > admonish ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius (BL Add. 10340) (1868) v. met. v. l. 4971 Ȝif þou erþely man wexest yuel..þis figure amonesteþ þe [L. ammonet figura]. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan iv. xiii. 270 Thus oughte the sayde wysemen to exorte and admoneste them. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara (1546) sig. K.ij Admonishe her often, and reproue her but seldome. 1611 2 Thess. iii. 15 Count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother. View more context for this quotation 1659 J. Pearson iv. 399 His own wife, admonished in a dream, sent unto him. 1667 J. Milton ix. 1171 I warn'd thee, I admonish'd thee, foretold The danger. View more context for this quotation 1712 5 May 2/1 I must rest satisfied with the comfort of having done my duty in Admonishing you. 1785 W. Cowper ii. 593 But thus admonish'd we can walk erect. 1824 T. F. Dibdin 92 He makes our hearts reprove, admonish and comfort us. 1880 10 Nov. 5/3 He may be brought before a Visitatorial Board, admonished, fined, and deprived. 1923 R. Kipling I. 24 A newly appointed platoon-officer..admonished them unofficially. 1962 ‘C. Marchant’ i. 15 After admonishing her husband with a sharp ‘Stop that, John!’ she turned to Linda and said, ‘He's not laughing at you.’ 2000 Aug. 9/2 Teachers in the classroom allowed boys to call out answers but admonished girls who called out. the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebuke or reprove [verb (transitive)] 1541 T. Elyot xvi. f. 29v He wolde admonest or warn him of his lacke in diligence. 1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye I. 551 The child should be admonished for the first offence, chastised for the second, and for the third hanged. 1599 A. Willet 39 Many being at first gently admonished, for many vnworthy acts. 1634–46 J. Row (1842) 172 She..is to be admonished for night-waking, balling, etc. 1695 G. C. & E. N. 18 Ought he not therefore to be reproved, warned and admonished, for persisting in Evil? 1754 Bp. T. Sherlock (1759) I. x. 289 Moses was sent..to reprove and admonish the People for their manifold Transgressions. 1818 88 ii. 19/1 Publicly admonished for having been concerned in a riot, and in pumping a bailiff. 1874 M. Oliphant III. iii. 46 Emma Lockwood had been admonished for levity of demeanour. 1901 J. Caminada II. 311 Two days later he was admonished for not complying with an order. 1942 27 June 81/2 The association plans to supply the operators with letters admonishing them for useless calls. 2008 17 Jan. 48/4 He admonished her for being less than totally patriotic. the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > advise [verb (transitive)] > advocate (a course of action, etc.) c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) §326 In manye othere places he [sc. Poul the Apostle] amonesteth [c1415 Corpus Oxf. amonysscheþ] pees & acord. c1475 (?c1400) (1842) 32 (MED) To preche is, in siche maner to a monest good þingis as Crist bad his disciplis do. c1550 in T. Percy (1770) 424 Once again let me admonish Silence, for it is the greatest part of Civility. 1851 J. S. Knowles i. 23 To admonish prayer, that flight may not be in winter. 1898 W. Scheppegrell xxiv. 242 He advised careful treatment of the nasal chambers, but admonished care in the use of electro-cautery application. 1985 C. McCarthy (1992) vii. 92 He admonished caution with a forefinger to his thin lips. 5. the mind > mental capacity > memory > reminder, putting in mind > remind [verb (transitive)] > recall to someone 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan i. i. 1 Admonested of veray affeccion and good desyre. 1533 T. Paynell tr. U. von Hutten xxvi. f. 74 Fyrste I wyll admonysshe you of egges. There is no meate..lyke egges that noryssheth in syckenes. 1547 Bp. S. Gardiner 1 July (1933) 356 The awdyence encreasyth by the man that preacheth, and not by the matter, unlesse they be admonyshe of some newe matter in hand. 1587 F. Thynne Ann. Scotl. Pref. 406, in (new ed.) II I am to admonish thee good reader, that..I haue neither word for word, nor sentence for sentence, set downe the writings of Lesleus. 1654 J. Bramhall vii. 198 So soon as he shall be admonished of the Kings pleasure. 1677 Let. in G. Hickes (1678) 77 You would make remarks upon my Letters, and faithfully Admonish me of all the Scoticisms, or all the Words, and Phrases that are not current English therein. 1710 G. Berkeley §44 [They] only admonish us what ideas of touch will be imprinted in our minds. 1759 S. Johnson I. iv. 28 The moon, by more than twenty changes, admonished me of the flux of life. 1806 J. Lingard II. vii. 15 He..admonished her of the obligations, which it imposed. 1851 T. Carlyle i. ii. 16 Descended, too, from the Scottish hero Wallace, as the old gentleman would sometimes admonish him. 1855 W. H. Prescott I. ii. vii. 538 The duchess of Parma admonished her brother that the lords chafed much under his long silence. 1913 G. C. Hazelton & J. H. Benrimo i. 7 I am admonished of the approach of my honored second father-in-law. 1992 J. M. Kelly iii. 100 Alcuin, Charlemagne's tutor, admonished him..that he was bound by the laws enacted by his late Roman predecessors. the mind > mental capacity > memory > reminder, putting in mind > remind [verb (transitive)] > as injunction or warning the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > advise [verb (transitive)] > admonish > warn of or against the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > warning of imminent danger or evil > warn (a person) of imminent danger or evil [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) on his guard 1546 J. Bale f. 8v Of these most hellyshe & dyabolyck frutes, holye Saynt Paule admonyshed the Romanes. 1652 J. Gaule vi. 74 Why are God's people admonished against it, as the way, and custome of other nations? 1671 R. Baxter ii. 36 Neighbour Pastors must have so much care of other Churches as to admonish them against the infection of any Heresie or Scandal. 1718 No. 68. 1 I promised..to admonish the Ladies against the Innovation of Masquerades. 1785 (new ed.) Ded. p. xxi To admonish them, how they rush into future dangers. 1855 W. H. Prescott I. ii. xii. 277 A gallows erected on an eminence admonished the offenders of the fate that awaited them. 1870 ‘M. Twain’ in Dec. 878/2 She admonished me..against liquor drinking. 1922 234 410/1 Reciting..his personal plea of guilty to the charge contained in the indictment after being admonished of the consequences of said plea. 1994 U. Hegi vii. 162 He was coaching his assistant in carrying on this custom of admonishing his parishioners against passions of the flesh. 1861 A. J. H. Duganne xii. 125 ‘Hush!’ I admonished, as again that hideous scream burst upon us. 1887 E. R. Chapman 29 ‘Be valiant,’ he admonished. ‘Do not shun to take this comfort manfully.’ 1908 A. Bennett v. 221 ‘Now quick, before I turn the gas out!’ he admonished, his hand on the gas-tap. 1932 Feb. 23/1 ‘No running away now,’ she admonished. ‘Brace up, Mary Felicia!’ 1988 G. Patterson ii. iv. 131 ‘I could have had your eye out with that knife, if I hadn't thought to let go,’ she admonished in as stern a voice as she could muster. 2011 Jan. 42/2 ‘Left tackle doesn't hear the snap count,’ admonished Hoge. ‘Lookin' down at the ball, doesn't react to the outside quick enough.’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  v.a1325 |
