canalizev.

Brit.

/ˈkanəlʌɪz/,

/ˈkanl̩ʌɪz/, U.S.

/ˈkænəˌlaɪz/

Forms: 1800s– canalise, 1800s– canalize.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: canal n., -ize suffix.

Etymology: < canal n. + -ize suffix, partly after French canaliser to make (a body of water) into a canal (1825 in the passage translated in quot. 1830, or earlier; perhaps already 1585 in Middle French in an isolated attestation in sense ‘to enclose (something) as if in a canal’), (in pathology, of organs) to become similar to a canal (1838 or earlier), to convey (electricity, etc.) through cables in underground ducts or channels (1878). Compare slightly earlier canalization n., and also earlier canal v., channel v., channelize v.With the specific use in biology (see sense 4) compare canalization n. 4, canalized adj. 2.

a. transitive. To convert or divert (a body of water, esp. a river) into a canal; to make into or like a canal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [verb (transitive)] > convert into canal

canal1792

canalize1830

1830 tr. A. von Humboldt in Sel. Cabinet Foreign Voy. & Trav. 391 It would perhaps be sufficient to canalize [Fr. canaliser] the Rio San Juan, without deviating from the bed of the river.

1865 Times 23 Mar. 10/6 The St. Lawrence..has been canalized for such parts of its course as were naturally unfit for navigation.

1870 Athenæum 26 Feb. 299 We do not desire so to ‘canalize’ the Thames, as our neighbours have ‘canalized’ the Seine.

1917 House Documents 32 158 The proposed waterway canalizes the Maumee River from Toledo to Fort Wayne.

2015 Econ. & Polit. Weekly (Nexis) 22 Aug. Efforts will be made to canalise the flow of water by constructing proper canals to take it to the Rajsamand lake.

b. transitive. To cut a canal through (land); to provide with a canal or canals. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [verb (transitive)] > furnish with canals

canalize1860

canal1870

1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 142 This system of canalising Egypt.

1904 Lit. Digest 27 Feb. 282/2 The Democratic minority against the proposition that this country should acquire the right to canalize the isthmus of Panama.

2014 P. J. Kosmin Land Elephant Kings 74 A new Xerxes, arrogantly inverting natural geography by canalizing the land.

†c. transitive. In extended use. To convey (electricity, etc.) through cables in underground ducts or channels; to provide (a place) with these. Obsolete.Cf. canalization n. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > conducting of water, etc., by channels or pipes > conduct (water, etc.) by channels or pipes [verb (transitive)]

leadc1275

derive1483

deduce1602

deduct1621

conduct1808

reconduct1825

canalize1886

bypass1909

the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > convey or transport > convey by a channel or medium > through ducts

canalize1886

duct1936

society > occupation and work > industry > conducting of water, etc., by channels or pipes > plumbing and pipework > [verb (transitive)] > provide with ducting

canalize1886

1886 Jrnl. Soc. Telegraph-engineers & Electricians 15 547 Electricity, to use a French phrase, is so easily ‘canalised’, or conveyed through insulated conductors.

1889 Daily News 7 Oct. 3/1 He has ‘canalized’ nearly the whole length of the principal streets in the South Kensington-Knightsbridge region.

1891 Electr. Rev. 18 Feb. 202/2 Obtaining the first concession to canalise the streets of Madrid, they laid 500 metres of mains in the principal thoroughfare.

2. transitive. Anatomy and Pathology. To form a canal or canals in (an organ, tissue, etc.). Also intransitive: to undergo canalization.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [verb (transitive)] > form tubes

canalize1838

1838 London Med. Gaz. 24 Mar. 1013/2 Might one not ask whether..veins canalised by the nature of the tumor itself..may not be (for the moment) in the state which is the natural one of the veins at the apex of the chest in living animals.

1876 J. Van Duyn & E. C. Seguin tr. E. L. Wagner Man. Gen. Pathol. 199 The symptoms..of thrombosis disappear..if the thrombus is reabsorbed or is sufficiently canalized.

1887 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 20 Jan. 57/2 The first effect of labor in this patient, therefore, was to canalize the lower uterine segment and cervical canal.

1908 H. Cushing in W. W. Keen et al. Surgery III. xxxvi. 42 The meningeal artery..may even canalize the bone in a part of its course.

1997 J. H. Carraway et al. in M. L. Bentz Pediatric Plastic Surg. xvii. 394/1 The epithelial cord canalizes between the third and sixth month of gestation.

2011 N. G. Wallace & M. Amaya in C. Jenny Child Abuse & Neglect x. 69/2 The central cells of the solid vaginal canal break down caudally to form the vaginal lumen, extending to canalize the hymen.

3. figurative.

a. transitive. To direct or confine like water in a canal; to lead (something) in a desired direction, to control or regulate. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > [verb (transitive)] > regulate > direct so as to

channelize1609

canalize1922

1922 J. M. Muir Short Hist. Brit. Commonw. II. ix. v. 359 The development of means for ‘canalising’ the nation's unspent wealth.

1943 H. Read Politics of Unpolitical ii. 23 Organizations designed to canalize the national spirit.

1965 W. Lamb Posture & Gesture viii. 107 It is a pity that the new thinking on physical behaviour has become canalised..into the teaching of physical education as a subject.

2005 A. P. Wolf Inbreeding, Incest & Incest Taboo 173 Association during an early sensitive period canalizes stable social bonds from child to parent, parent to child, and sibling to sibling.

†b. intransitive. To take a specified direction; to form a canal or channel. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > tend or incline [verb (intransitive)] > go in a certain direction

incline?a1475

alien?1541

propend1545

sway1556

wing1617

lie1633

look1647

vergea1661

bias1683

preponderate1693

give1840

canalize1927

1927 Observer 13 Nov. 8/5 A latent crisis in civilisation, a crisis which should have canalised into a religious revolution.

4. transitive (chiefly in passive). Biology. To constrain to produce a relatively consistent phenotype in spite of environmental or genetic variations. Cf. canalization n. 4.

ΚΠ

1942 C. H. Waddington in Nature 14 Nov. 563/2 Developmental reactions, as they occur in organisms submitted to natural selection, are in general canalized.

1951 Times Lit. Suppl. 31 Aug. 1/4 Evolution must take account of the way in which the processes of individual development are canalized.

1989 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 76 210/2 Significant variation among plants in seed production per fruit is common in some species but in other species, seed number per fruit is strongly canalized.

2003 V. Nanjundiah in G. B. Müller & S. A. Newman Originat. Organismal Form xiv. 261 Natural selection for a genotype which buffers, or canalizes, the newly favored phenotype.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	canalize
释义	canalizev. Brit. /ˈkanəlʌɪz/, /ˈkanl̩ʌɪz/, U.S. /ˈkænəˌlaɪz/ Forms: 1800s– canalise, 1800s– canalize. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: canal n., -ize suffix. Etymology: < canal n. + -ize suffix, partly after French canaliser to make (a body of water) into a canal (1825 in the passage translated in quot. 1830, or earlier; perhaps already 1585 in Middle French in an isolated attestation in sense ‘to enclose (something) as if in a canal’), (in pathology, of organs) to become similar to a canal (1838 or earlier), to convey (electricity, etc.) through cables in underground ducts or channels (1878). Compare slightly earlier canalization n., and also earlier canal v., channel v., channelize v.With the specific use in biology (see sense 4) compare canalization n. 4, canalized adj. 2. 1. a. transitive. To convert or divert (a body of water, esp. a river) into a canal; to make into or like a canal. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [verb (transitive)] > convert into canal canal1792 canalize1830 1830 tr. A. von Humboldt in Sel. Cabinet Foreign Voy. & Trav. 391 It would perhaps be sufficient to canalize [Fr. canaliser] the Rio San Juan, without deviating from the bed of the river. 1865 Times 23 Mar. 10/6 The St. Lawrence..has been canalized for such parts of its course as were naturally unfit for navigation. 1870 Athenæum 26 Feb. 299 We do not desire so to ‘canalize’ the Thames, as our neighbours have ‘canalized’ the Seine. 1917 House Documents 32 158 The proposed waterway canalizes the Maumee River from Toledo to Fort Wayne. 2015 Econ. & Polit. Weekly (Nexis) 22 Aug. Efforts will be made to canalise the flow of water by constructing proper canals to take it to the Rajsamand lake. b. transitive. To cut a canal through (land); to provide with a canal or canals. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [verb (transitive)] > furnish with canals canalize1860 canal1870 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 142 This system of canalising Egypt. 1904 Lit. Digest 27 Feb. 282/2 The Democratic minority against the proposition that this country should acquire the right to canalize the isthmus of Panama. 2014 P. J. Kosmin Land Elephant Kings 74 A new Xerxes, arrogantly inverting natural geography by canalizing the land. †c. transitive. In extended use. To convey (electricity, etc.) through cables in underground ducts or channels; to provide (a place) with these. Obsolete.Cf. canalization n. 1b. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > conducting of water, etc., by channels or pipes > conduct (water, etc.) by channels or pipes [verb (transitive)] leadc1275 derive1483 deduce1602 deduct1621 conduct1808 reconduct1825 canalize1886 bypass1909 the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > convey or transport > convey by a channel or medium > through ducts canalize1886 duct1936 society > occupation and work > industry > conducting of water, etc., by channels or pipes > plumbing and pipework > [verb (transitive)] > provide with ducting canalize1886 1886 Jrnl. Soc. Telegraph-engineers & Electricians 15 547 Electricity, to use a French phrase, is so easily ‘canalised’, or conveyed through insulated conductors. 1889 Daily News 7 Oct. 3/1 He has ‘canalized’ nearly the whole length of the principal streets in the South Kensington-Knightsbridge region. 1891 Electr. Rev. 18 Feb. 202/2 Obtaining the first concession to canalise the streets of Madrid, they laid 500 metres of mains in the principal thoroughfare. 2. transitive. Anatomy and Pathology. To form a canal or canals in (an organ, tissue, etc.). Also intransitive: to undergo canalization. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [verb (transitive)] > form tubes canalize1838 1838 London Med. Gaz. 24 Mar. 1013/2 Might one not ask whether..veins canalised by the nature of the tumor itself..may not be (for the moment) in the state which is the natural one of the veins at the apex of the chest in living animals. 1876 J. Van Duyn & E. C. Seguin tr. E. L. Wagner Man. Gen. Pathol. 199 The symptoms..of thrombosis disappear..if the thrombus is reabsorbed or is sufficiently canalized. 1887 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 20 Jan. 57/2 The first effect of labor in this patient, therefore, was to canalize the lower uterine segment and cervical canal. 1908 H. Cushing in W. W. Keen et al. Surgery III. xxxvi. 42 The meningeal artery..may even canalize the bone in a part of its course. 1997 J. H. Carraway et al. in M. L. Bentz Pediatric Plastic Surg. xvii. 394/1 The epithelial cord canalizes between the third and sixth month of gestation. 2011 N. G. Wallace & M. Amaya in C. Jenny Child Abuse & Neglect x. 69/2 The central cells of the solid vaginal canal break down caudally to form the vaginal lumen, extending to canalize the hymen. 3. figurative. a. transitive. To direct or confine like water in a canal; to lead (something) in a desired direction, to control or regulate. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > [verb (transitive)] > regulate > direct so as to channelize1609 canalize1922 1922 J. M. Muir Short Hist. Brit. Commonw. II. ix. v. 359 The development of means for ‘canalising’ the nation's unspent wealth. 1943 H. Read Politics of Unpolitical ii. 23 Organizations designed to canalize the national spirit. 1965 W. Lamb Posture & Gesture viii. 107 It is a pity that the new thinking on physical behaviour has become canalised..into the teaching of physical education as a subject. 2005 A. P. Wolf Inbreeding, Incest & Incest Taboo 173 Association during an early sensitive period canalizes stable social bonds from child to parent, parent to child, and sibling to sibling. †b. intransitive. To take a specified direction; to form a canal or channel. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > tend or incline [verb (intransitive)] > go in a certain direction incline?a1475 alien?1541 propend1545 sway1556 wing1617 lie1633 look1647 vergea1661 bias1683 preponderate1693 give1840 canalize1927 1927 Observer 13 Nov. 8/5 A latent crisis in civilisation, a crisis which should have canalised into a religious revolution. 4. transitive (chiefly in passive). Biology. To constrain to produce a relatively consistent phenotype in spite of environmental or genetic variations. Cf. canalization n. 4. ΚΠ 1942 C. H. Waddington in Nature 14 Nov. 563/2 Developmental reactions, as they occur in organisms submitted to natural selection, are in general canalized. 1951 Times Lit. Suppl. 31 Aug. 1/4 Evolution must take account of the way in which the processes of individual development are canalized. 1989 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 76 210/2 Significant variation among plants in seed production per fruit is common in some species but in other species, seed number per fruit is strongly canalized. 2003 V. Nanjundiah in G. B. Müller & S. A. Newman Originat. Organismal Form xiv. 261 Natural selection for a genotype which buffers, or canalizes, the newly favored phenotype. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.1830
随便看	dismissiveness dismissment dismissory dismit dismoded dismortgage dismount dismount thy tuck dismountable dismounted dismounting dismounts dismove dismurdered dismurderized dismutase dismutation dismutations dismute dismystery disnatural disnaturalise disnaturalised disnaturalises disnaturalising