单词 | founding | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 | foundfound2 ●●○ AWL verb [transitive] Word Origin WORD ORIGINfound2 Verb TableOrigin: 1300-1400 Old French fonder, from Latin fundus ‘bottom’VERB TABLE found
EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS Thesaurus
THESAURUS► establish Collocations to start a company or organization, especially one that exists for a long time: · The company was established in 1899.· He established a new research centre in Dublin.· Most of the money will be used to establish local industries and mobilize the work-force. ► set up to start a new company or organization. Set up is less formal than establish, and is the usual phrase to use in everyday English: · Kate and her partner are setting up their own printing business.· Dad set up as a builder in 1990 and now he employs over twenty men. ► open to start a business that provides services to the public, such as a shop, restaurant, or hotel: · He opened his first restaurant in 1995.· They just opened a new supermarket on Van Nuys Boulevard. ► found to start a company or an organization such as a school or a hospital, especially by providing the money for it – used about something that was started a long time ago: · Who originally founded the college?· The bank was founded 60 years ago in Munich. ► inaugurate formal to start an organization with an official ceremony: · Twenty years after the airport was inaugurated, it introduced its first transatlantic flights. Longman Language Activatoravailable for someone to have or use► available if something is available , you can get it, buy it, or use it: · There's no room for more books - we've used up all the available space.available to: · Grants are available to students who have high grades.available from: · The publication is available from the U.S. Department of Agriculture.available at/in: · Tickets are available at all Ticketmaster locations.have something available: · Do you have a room available for this weekend?readily/freely available (=very easy to get): · Drugs like heroin are readily available on the streets.make something available: · These statistics are never sold or made available to the public. ► free a room or seat that is free is not being used by anyone now, and no one has asked for it to be kept for them to use later: · Is this chair free?· The only free seats on the train were in a smoking compartment.have something free: · The hotel never has any rooms free over the Christmas period. ► spare something that is spare is not being used now, but it can be used if someone needs it: · I need 50 cents for the parking meter - do you have any spare change?· We're using the spare bedroom as a storage space.· a spare tyre ► empty something such as a room or seat that is empty has no one using it at the moment and is therefore available for someone else to use: · They have three empty rooms now that the kids have moved out.· I think there's an empty seat in the back row.· The house was empty for two months before it was sold. ► vacant a building, home, room, or office that is vacant is available because it is not owned or rented by anyone: · There don't seem to be any vacant rooms in the whole of London!· If you're looking for somewhere to rent, I think there's a vacant apartment in my building.· Of the buildings the company owns, only 3% are vacant. ► to be had/found something that is to be had or to be found is available to anyone who knows where to get it from: · When no work was to be had, he borrowed money from friends.· We looked all over, but there were no fast food restaurants to be found.· She knew of a place where designer clothes were to be had at bargain prices. ► be going British informal if something is going , it is available for anyone who wants it: · Is there any more wine going?· There aren't many jobs going in this part of the country. ► at your disposal if something is at your disposal , someone has provided it for you to use whenever you want or in any way that you want: · We have ample money at our disposal to do this job right.· A limousine and driver were put at her disposal for the entire week. ► be on tap informal if something that you like or enjoy is on tap , it is available to you all the time so that you can have it whenever you want it: · It's a great place for a rest: food, music, alcohol - everything's on tap.· Some three hundred free outdoor shows are on tap during the weekend festival. to start a new business or organization► start/start up to start a new business or organization: · Luigi's family came here in 1966 and started up a chain of restaurants.· John decided to start his own textile business shortly after the war. ► open to start a business that provides services to the public, such as a shop, restaurant, or hotel: · They just opened a new supermarket on Van Nuys Boulevard.· The rail company plans to open several new lines over the next five years. ► set up to start a new business by making all the necessary arrangements, buying equipment etc: · Kate and her partner are setting up their own printing business.set up in business (=to start to run your own business): · The Enterprise Center runs courses for people who want to set up in business on their own.set up as: · Dad set up as a builder in 1990 and now he employs over twenty men. ► establish to start an important organization that is intended to be permanent, or that continues for a very long time: · The company was established in 1899.· Most of the money will be used to establish local industries and mobilize the work-force. ► found to start an organization, school, hospital etc, especially by providing the money for it - use this especially about something that was started a long time ago: · Who originally founded the college?· The bank was founded 60 years ago in Munich. ► inception formal the start of an organization, institution, or programme: · Within a few years of its inception, the charity was involved in aid projects all around the world.· Not long after their inception, the welfare programs were under attack. WORD SETS► Industryaggregate, nounalloy, nounamber, nounanneal, verbarc welding, nounasbestos, nounassay, verbautomaker, nounaviation, nounBakelite, nounbasketry, nounbenzene, nounbevel, nounbiodegradable, adjectiveblast, verbblast furnace, nounboom, nounboom town, nounbore, verbbore, nounborehole, nounby-product, nouncane, nouncast, verbcasting, nouncedar, nounchipboard, nounchippings, nouncoalface, nouncollier, nouncolliery, nounconcentrate, nouncondenser, nounconstruction, nounconstructor, nounconverter, nouncork, nouncottage industry, nouncross-grained, adjectivecrude, adjectivedeskill, verbdetonate, verbdetonator, noundetoxification, noundevelopment, noundie, noundie casting, noundiesel, noundiesel fuel, noundiggings, noundrill, verbdrive, verbelectronics, nounend product, nounepoxy resin, nounextrude, verbfabricate, verbfabrication, nounforge, nounfound, verbfoundry, nounglass fibre, noungoldmine, nounground glass, nounhigh technology, nounindustrial, adjectiveindustrial archaeology, nounindustrialism, nounindustrialist, nounindustrialization, nouningot, nouninstallation, nounjute, nounlaminate, nounlaminated, adjectivelaser, nounlatex, nounlight industry, nounlime, nounlode, nounlow-tech, adjectivelubricant, nounlubricate, verbmacadam, nounmacerate, verbmachine, verbmachine tool, nounmachinist, nounmaker, nounmanganese, nounmanufacture, verbmanufacture, nounmasonry, nounmaterial, nounmatrix, nounmeat-packing, nounmetal, nounmetal fatigue, nounmetallic, adjectivemetallurgy, nounmetalwork, nounmill, verbmine, nounmine, verbminer, nounmining, nounmodular, adjectivemodule, nounmolten, adjectivemolybdenum, nounmortise, nounmother lode, nounmould, verbmoulding, nounochre, nounoff-cut, nounoil, nounoil paint, nounopencast, adjectiveoxyacetylene, nounpackaging, nounpaint stripper, nounpaintwork, nounpaling, nounpallet, nounpan, nounpanelling, nounpanel pin, nounpaper, adjectivepapier mâché, nounpatent leather, nounperfumery, nounpit, nounpitch, nounpithead, nounplane, verbplant, nounplywood, nounpost-industrial, adjectiveprocess, nounproduce, verbproduct, nounproduction, nounproductivity, nounpulp, verbpump, verbPVC, nounquarry, nounquartz, nounready-made, adjectiverefine, verbrefined, adjectivereprocess, verbroller, nounrough-hewn, adjectiverubber, nounsafety lamp, nounsandblast, verbsealskin, nounshaft, nounshavings, nounsheeting, nounsheet metal, nounshipbuilder, nounskilled, adjectiveslag, nounslag heap, nounsludge, nounslurry, nounsmelt, verbsmith, nounsmithy, nounsmokestack, nounsmokestack industry, nounsoftwood, nounsolder, nounsolder, verbsoldering iron, nounspirit level, nounspray paint, nounsteam, nounsteel, nounstrip mine, nounStyrofoam, nounsunrise industry, nounsynthesis, nounsynthesize, verbtannery, nountemper, verbtensile strength, nountextile, nounthree-ply, adjectiveunrefined, adjectiveunvarnished, adjectiveupright, nounvarnish, nounvat, nounvinyl, nounvulcanize, verbwarehouse, nounwattle, nounwax, nounwaxen, adjectivewaxy, adjectiveweld, verbweld, nounwelder, nounwickerwork, nounwire, nounwood, nounwood pulp, nounwork, verbworking, nounworkshop, nounwrought iron, nounyarn, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► was nowhere to be found Phrases We searched everywhere but the ring was nowhere to be found (=could not be found). ► found ... calling It wasn’t until Durant was in her 30s that she found her calling. ► found a city (=start developing a new city)· He founded the city of Baghdad in the 8th century. ► found/establish a company· The company was founded in 1993 by William J. Nutt. ► found discrepancies Police found discrepancies in the two men’s reports. ► found an empire (=start an empire)· The Persian empire was founded by Cyrus the Great. ► new-found fame· Anna was finding it difficult to get used to her new-found fame. ► found a group formal (=start a group)· Mick Jagger and Keith Richards founded the group in the early Sixties. ► found ... guilty The jury found her guilty of murder. ► found ... heavy going I found his latest novel a bit heavy going. ► found ... innocent The court found him innocent and he was released. ► found ... irritating He was smiling in a way I found very irritating. ► found lacking The new designs have all been found lacking in some important way. ► form/found a party· The two politicians broke away from the PDF to form a new political party. ► a species is found somewhere· This species is found only in the Southern Hemisphere. ► found ... true vocation At 17 she found her true vocation as a writer. ► found wanting Their security procedures were found wanting. PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► be founded on/upon something 1to start something such as an organization, company, school, or city, often by providing the necessary money SYN establish: Founded in 1935 in Ohio, Alcoholics Anonymous is now a world-wide organization. Eton College was founded by Henry VI in 1440.► see thesaurus at establish2be founded on/upon something a)to be the main idea, belief etc that something else develops from SYN be based on something: The British parliamentary system is founded on debate and opposition b)to be the solid layer of cement, stones etc that a building is built on: The castle is founded on solid rock.3technical to melt metal and pour it into a mould (=a hollow shape), to make things such as tools and parts for machines—founding noun [uncountable]: the founding of the University of Chicago → well-founded
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