Palaeoclimatic conditions and the palaeogeological area cladogram were compared to the dated phylogeny of parmelioid.
Guillermo Amo de Paz, Paloma Cubas, Pradeep K. Divakar, H. Thorsten Lumbsch, Ana Crespo 2011, 'Origin and Diversification of Major Clades in Parmelioid Lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota)during the Paleogene Inferred by Bayesian Analysis', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0028161. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Dating of regional diversification correlates with known palaeoclimatic events.
Kate eArmstrong, Graham eStone, James eNicholls, Eugenio eValderrama Escallon, ArneeAnderberg, Jenny eSmedmark, Laurent eGautier, Yamama eNaciri, Richard eMilne, JamesEdward Richardson 2014, 'Patterns of diversification amongst tropical regions compared: a case study in Sapotaceae',Frontiers in Geneticshttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fgene.2014.00362/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Multiple methods are used to provide an improved assessment of the palaeoclimatic reconstruction uncertainty.
O. Peyron, M. Magny, S. Goring, S. Joannin, J.-L. de Beaulieu, E. Brugiapaglia, L.Sadori, G. Garfi, K. Kouli, C. Ioakim, N. Combourieu-Nebout 2013, 'Contrasting patterns of climatic changes during the Holocene across the Italian Peninsulareconstructed from pollen data', Climate of the Pasthttp://www.clim-past.net/9/1233/2013/cp-9-1233-2013.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Floristic differences among provinces are related to palaeoclimatic and palaeogeographicalevents.
Delgadillo Rodríguez, José, Aguirre Martínez, Juan Luis, Peinado Lorca, Manuel, MacíasRodríguez, Miguel Ángel 2009, 'Fitogeografía de la costa del Pacífico de Norteamérica', Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madridhttp://rjb.revistas.csic.es/index.php/rjb/article/view/315/310. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Geologic sections include the setting of karst regions, tectonic and palaeoclimatic control on karst, modern cave environments, and karst hydrology.
Erhard Christian, Christoph Spötl 2010, 'Karst geology and cave fauna of Austria: a concise review', International Journal of Speleologyhttp://www.ijs.speleo.it/pdf/73.598.39(2)_Zupan.Hajna.et.al.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)