damage, esp to the skin, as a result of exposure to light
Examples of 'phototoxicity' in a sentence
phototoxicity
Likewise, most optical voltage indicators suffer from phototoxicity, which damages cells and degrades signal quality.
Jordan S. Leyton-Mange, Robert W. Mills, Vincenzo S. Macri, Min Young Jang, Faraz N.Butte, Patrick T. Ellinor, David J. Milan 2014, 'Rapid Cellular Phenotyping of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes usinga Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensor', Stem Cell Reportshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213671114000204. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
However, it showed higher photostability which may compensate for its lower phototoxicity.
Slávka Kaščáková, Leo J Hofland, Henriette S De Bruijn, Yunpeng Ye, Samuel Achilefu,Katy van der Wansem, Angelique van der Ploeg-van den Heuvel, Peter M van Koetsveld,Michael P Brugts, Aart-Jan van der Lelij, Henricus J C M Sterenborg, Timo L M TenHagen, Dominic J Robinson, Martin P van Hagen 2014, 'Somatostatin analogues for receptor targeted photodynamic therapy.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4128677?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Wheat seeds were used as phototoxicity indicators of phenol degradation products.
Erika A Wolskm, Viviana Barrera, Claudia Castellari, Jorge F González 2012, 'Biodegradation of phenol in static cultures by Penicillium chrysogenum ERK1: catalyticabilities and residual phototoxicity Biodegradación de fenol en cultivos estáticospor Penicillium chrysogenum ERK1: habilidades catalíticas y fitotoxicidad residual',Revista Argentina de Microbiologíahttp://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0325-75412012000200011. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Many chemicals have been reported to induce phototoxicity.
Soyoung Kim, Ki Hwan Choi, Jaesuk Yun 2018, 'Exploration of alternative test methods to evaluate phototoxicity of ophthalmic agentsby using Statens Seruminstitut Rabbit Cornea cell lines and 3D human reconstitutedcornea models.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5962060?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Moreover, the phototoxicity of the chemicals could also be determined.
Nadine Karschuk, Yeliz Tepe, Silke Gerlach, Wolfgang Pape, Horst Wenck, Robert Schmucker,Klaus-Peter Wittern, Andreas Schepky, Hendrik Reuter 2010, 'A Novel In Vitro Method for the Detection and Characterization of Photosensitizers',PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0015221. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
However, high resolution imaging comes with long acquisition times and high phototoxicity.
Jan Huebinger, Jessica Spindler, Kristin J. Holl, Björn Koos 2018, 'Quantification of protein mobility and associated reshuffling of cytoplasm duringchemical fixation', Scientific Reportshttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-018-36112-w. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Light causes damage to the retina (phototoxicity) and decreases photoreceptor responses to light.
Javier Vicente-Tejedor, Miguel Marchena, Laura Ramírez, Diego García-Ayuso, VioletaGómez-Vicente, Celia Sánchez-Ramos, Pedro de la Villa, Francisco Germain 2018, 'Removal of the blue component of light significantly decreases retinal damage afterhigh intensity exposure', PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0194218. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
They showed improved cellular uptake ratio, phototoxicity, and colon-specificity.
Chong Woo Chu, Je Ho Ryu, Young-IL Jeong, Tae Won Kwak, Hye Lim Lee, Hyun Yul Kim,Gyung Mo Son, Hyung Wook Kim, Dae Hwan Kang 2016, 'Redox-Responsive Nanophotosensitizer Composed of Chlorin e6-Conjugated Dextran forPhotodynamic Treatment of Colon Cancer Cells', Journal of Nanomaterialshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4075803. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Such strong illumination can cause significant phototoxicity or even photodamage to fragile biological samples.
Deka Gitanjal, Sun Chi-Kuang, Fujita Katsumasa, Chu Shi-Wei 2016, 'Nonlinear plasmonic imaging techniques and their biological applications', Nanophotonicshttp://www.degruyter.com/view/j/nanoph.2017.6.issue-1/nanoph-2015-0149/nanoph-2015-0149.xml?format=INT. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The phototoxicity of some fullerene molecules was identified as a future therapeutical instrument.
Radu Claudiu FIERASCU, Rodica Mariana ION, Irina DUMITRIU 2010, 'FULERENIC MATERIALS WITH BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS', Annals: Series on engineering sciences (Academy of Romanian Scientists)http://aos.ro/wp-content/anale/TVol2Nr1Art.1.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)