| 释义 |
DictionarySeehypokalemiahypopotassemia
hypokalemia [hi″po-kah-le´me-ah] abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood; see table of Electrolyte Imbalances at electrolyte. It may result from potassium loss through the kidneys or gastrointestinal tract (vomiting or diarrhea), uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with polyuria, increased adrenocortical secretion, steroid therapy, diuretic therapy, excessive diaphoresis, or burns or other injuries. The earliest signs are weakness and muscle cramps and numbness and tingling that usually begin in the lower extremities. Other symptoms include nausea and vomiting, which can further contribute to potassium deficit. Paralysis of the muscles of respiration can produce respiratory arrest. Neurologic involvement can lead to confusion, irritability, and coma. The heart is particularly sensitive to potassium deficiency. The electrocardiographic abnormalities presented are depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave. Susceptibility to digitalis toxicity is increased when a patient has hypokalemia. Replacement of potassium can be accomplished by administration of potassium chloride, either orally or intravenously.hy·po·ka·le·mi·a (hī'pō-ka-lē'mē-ă), The presence of an abnormally low concentration of potassium ions in the circulating blood; occurs in familial periodic paralysis and in potassium depletion due to excessive loss from the gastrointestinal tract or kidneys. The changes of hypokalemia may include vacuolation of renal tubular epithelial cytoplasm with impairment of urinary concentrating power and acidification, flattening of the T wave of the electrocardiogram, and muscle weakness. Synonym(s): hypopotassemia [hypo- + G. kalion L. kalium, potassium, + G. haima, blood] hypopotassemia Hypokalemia, see there. hy·po·ka·le·mi·a (hī'pō-kă-lē'mē-ă) The presence of an abnormally small concentration of potassium ions in the circulating blood; occurs in familial periodic paralysis and in potassium depletion due to excessive loss from the gastrointestinal tract or kidneys. The changes of hypokalemia may include vacuolation of renal tubular epithelial cytoplasm with impairment of urinary concentrating power and acidification, flattening of the T wave of the electrocardiogram, and muscle weakness.
Synonym(s): hypopotassemia, hypokalaemia. [hypo- + G. kalion, L. kalium, potassium, + G. haima, blood]hy·po·ka·le·mi·a (hī'pō-kă-lē'mē-ă) Presence of an abnormally low concentration of potassium ions in the circulating blood.
Synonym(s): hypokalaemia. [hypo- + G. kalion, L. kalium, potassium, + G. haima, blood] |