| 释义 |
justification
jus·ti·fi·ca·tion J0088100 (jŭs′tə-fĭ-kā′shən)n.1. a. The act of justifying.b. The condition or fact of being justified.2. Something, such as a fact or circumstance, that justifies: considered misgovernment to be a justification for revolution. See Synonyms at apology.justification (ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən) n1. reasonable grounds for complaint, defence, etc2. the act of justifying; proof, vindication, or exculpation3. (Theology) theol a. the act of justifyingb. the process of being justified or the condition of having been justified4. (Theology) Protestant theol Also called: justification by faith the doctrine that God vindicates only those who repent and believe in Jesus5. (Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding) printing computing the process of adjusting interword spacing in text or data so that both right and left margins are straight6. (Computer Science) computing the process of moving data right or left so that the first or last character occurs in a predefined positionjus•ti•fi•ca•tion (ˌdʒʌs tə fɪˈkeɪ ʃən)
n. 1. a reason, fact, circumstance, or explanation that justifies. 2. an act of justifying. 3. the state of being justified. 4. the act of God whereby humankind is absolved of guilt or sin. 5. the act or result of justifying a line or lines of type. [1350–1400; Middle English < Late Latin] Thesaurus| Noun | 1.justification - something (such as a fact or circumstance) that shows an action to be reasonable or necessary; "he considered misrule a justification for revolution"consideration, circumstance, condition - information that should be kept in mind when making a decision; "another consideration is the time it would take" | | 2.justification - a statement in explanation of some action or beliefexplanation, account - a statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc.; "the explanation was very simple"; "I expected a brief account"cause, grounds, reason - a justification for something existing or happening; "he had no cause to complain"; "they had good reason to rejoice"vindication, defense, defence - the justification for some act or belief; "he offered a persuasive defense of the theory" | | 3.justification - the act of defending or explaining or making excuses for by reasoning; "the justification of barbarous means by holy ends"- H.J.Mullervindication, exoneration - the act of vindicating or defending against criticism or censure etc.; "friends provided a vindication of his position" |
justificationnoun reason, grounds, defence, basis, excuse, approval, plea, warrant, apology, rationale, vindication, rationalization, absolution, exoneration, explanation, exculpation, extenuation I knew there was no justification for what I was doing.justificationnoun1. A statement that justifies or defends something, such as a past action or policy:apologetic, apologia, apology, defense, vindication.2. A statement of causes or motives:account, explanation, rationale, rationalization, reason.3. A justifying fact or consideration:basis, foundation, reason, warrant.4. That which provides a reason or justification:call, cause, ground (often used in plural), necessity, occasion, reason, wherefore, why.Idiom: why and wherefore.Translationsjustify (ˈdʒastifai) verb1. to prove or show (a person, action, opinion etc) to be just, right, desirable or reasonable. How can the government justify the spending of millions of pounds on weapons when there is so much poverty in the country? 證明...是對的，正當的或合理的 证明...是正当的2. to be a good excuse for. Your state of anxiety does not justify your being so rude to me. 構成…的正當理由 为...辩护ˌjustiˈfiable adjective (negative unjustifiable) able to be justified. Is dishonesty ever justifiable? 可合理化的 可证明为正当的ˌjustifiˈcation (-fi-) noun1. (the act of) justifying or excusing. 合理化 证明为正当2. something that justifies. You have no justification for criticizing him in that way. 正當的理由 正当的理由justification
justification[‚jəs·tə·fə′kā·shən] (graphic arts) In type composition, the adjustment of spacing in each line of type so that all lines are filled out to the same desired length. Also known as fill justification; full justification. justificationIn typography, the alignment of text evenly between left and right margins. Contrast with ragged right.justification
JustificationA sufficient or acceptable excuse or explanation made in court for an act that is otherwise unlawful; the showing of an adequate reason, in court, why a defendant committed the offense for which he or she is accused that would serve to relieve the defendant of liability. A legal excuse for the performance or nonperformance of a particular act that is the basis for exemption from guilt. A classic example is the excuse of Self-Defense offered as justification for the commission of a murder. justification see DEFAMATION.JUSTIFICATION. The act by which a party accused shows and maintains a good and legal reason in court, why he did the thing he is called upon to answer.
2. The subject will be considered by examining, 1. What acts are justifiable. 2. The manner of making the justification. 3. Its effects.
3.-1. The acts to be justified are those committed with a warrant, and those committed without a warrant. 1. It is a general rule, that a warrant or execution, issued by a court having jurisdiction, whether the same be right or wrong, justifies the officer to whom it is directed and who is by law required to execute it, and is a complete justification to the officer for obeying its command. But when the warrant is not merely voidable, but is absolutely void, as, for want of jurisdiction in the court which issued it, or by reason of the privilege of the defendant, as in the case of the arrest of an ambassador, who cannot waive his privilege and immunities by submitting to be arrested on such warrant, the officer is no longer justified. 1 Baldw. 240; see 4 Mass. 232; 13 Mass. 286, 334; 14 Mass. 210. 2. A person may justify many acts, while acting without any authority from a court or magistrate. He may justifiably, even, take the life of an aggressor, while acting in the defence of himself, his wife, children, and servant, or for the protection of his house, when attacked with a felonious intent, or even for the protection of his personal property. See Self-defence. A man may justify what would, otherwise, have been a trespass, an entry on the land of another for various purposes; as, for example, to demand a debt due to him by the owner of the land to remove chattels which belong to him, but this entry must be peaceable; to exercise an incorporeal right; ask for lodging's at an inn. See 15 East, 615, note e; 2 Lill. Ab. 134; 15 Vin. Ab. 31; Ham. N. P. 48 to 66; Dane's Ab. Index, h.t.; Entry. It is an ancient principle of the common law, that a trespass may be justified in many cases. Thus: a man may enter on the land of another, to kill a fox or otter, which are beasts against the common profit. 11 H. VIII. 10. So, a house may be pulled down if the adjoining one be on fire, to prevent a greater destruction. 13 H. VIII. 16, b. Tua res agitur paries cum proximus ardet. So, the suburbs of a city may be demolished in time of war, for the good of the commonwealth. 8 Ed. IV. 35, b. So, a man may enter on his neighbor to make a bulwark in defence of the realm. 21 H. VIII. b. So, a house may be broken to arrest a felon. 13 Ed. IV. 9, a; Doder. Eng. Law. 219, 220. In a civil action, a man may justify a libel, or slanderous words, by proving their truth, or because the defendant had a right, upon the particular occasion, either to write and publish the writing, or to utter the words; as, when slanderous words are found in a report of a committee of congress, or in an indictment, or words of a slanderous nature are uttered in the course of debate in the legislature by a member, or at the bar, by counsel, when properly instructed by his client on the subject. See Debate; Slander; Com. Dig. Pleader, 2 L 3 to 2 L 7.
4.-2. In general, justification must be specially pleaded, and it cannot be given in evidence under the plea of the general issue.
5.-3. When the plea of justification is supported by the evidence, it is a complete bar to the action. Vide Excuse. FinancialSeeRagged RightSee JUST
See JUSTjustification
Synonyms for justificationnoun reasonSynonyms- reason
- grounds
- defence
- basis
- excuse
- approval
- plea
- warrant
- apology
- rationale
- vindication
- rationalization
- absolution
- exoneration
- explanation
- exculpation
- extenuation
Synonyms for justificationnoun a statement that justifies or defends something, such as a past action or policySynonyms- apologetic
- apologia
- apology
- defense
- vindication
noun a statement of causes or motivesSynonyms- account
- explanation
- rationale
- rationalization
- reason
noun a justifying fact or considerationSynonyms- basis
- foundation
- reason
- warrant
noun that which provides a reason or justificationSynonyms- call
- cause
- ground
- necessity
- occasion
- reason
- wherefore
- why
Words related to justificationnoun something (such as a fact or circumstance) that shows an action to be reasonable or necessaryRelated Words- consideration
- circumstance
- condition
noun a statement in explanation of some action or beliefRelated Words- explanation
- account
- cause
- grounds
- reason
- vindication
- defense
- defence
noun the act of defending or explaining or making excuses for by reasoningRelated Words |