a river in Murmansk Oblast, RSFSR. It is 36 km long and drains an area of 12,800 sq km. The Niva River flows out of Lake Imandra and empties into Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea. It is fed by snow and rain. The flow is regulated at the river’s source (Imandra Reservoir). The mean flow rate 15 km from the mouth is 164 cu m per sec. The Niva does not freeze at the rapids. Timber is floated on the river. There are three hydroelectric power plants along the Niva. The city of Kandalaksha is situated at the river’s mouth.

(The Field), a Russian weekly illustrated family magazine published in St. Petersburg from 1870 to 1918 by the publishing house of A. F. Marks. Niva published many diverse writers, including P. D. Boborykin, I. A. Goncharov, N. S. Leskov, D. N. Mamin-Sibiriak, D. S. Merezhkovskii, L. N. Tolstoi, A. P. Chekhov, I. A. Bunin, and A. A. Blok. Sociopolitical problems were presented from the point of view of those loyal to the autocracy. From 1894 to 1916 monthly literary supplements were published. Beginning in 1891 the collected works of many Russian and foreign writers were issued in the form of free supplements to Niva, which gave the magazine a large circulation and popularity.