letters of administration
letters of administration
letters of administration
let′ters of administra′tion
n.pl.
| Noun | 1. | letters of administration - legal document naming someone to administer an estate when no executor has been named |
| 单词 | letters of administration | |||
| 释义 | letters of administrationletters of administrationletters of administrationlet′ters of administra′tionn.pl.
letters of administrationLetters of AdministrationA formal document issued by a court of probate appointing a manager of the assets and liabilities of the estate of the deceased in certain situations. Courts are often asked to rule on the management of a deceased person's estate. Generally, this is a routine matter for probate courts, which are created specifically for this purpose. Individuals generally determine the distribution of their estate in a will, which usually specifies an executor to carry out its directions. But where the decedent has left no will or the executor named in a will is unable or unwilling to serve, the courts must appoint an administrator. This appointment is made by issuing a short document called letters of administration, which is a decree that serves as evidence of the administrator's authority. When an individual dies intestate (without a valid will or with no will at all), issues must be resolved involving the disposal of the decedent's property, the settlement of debts and claims against the estate, the payment of estate taxes, and in particular the distribution of the estate to heirs who are legally entitled to receive it. These matters are resolved by following the laws of Descent and Distribution, which are found in the statutes of all states. Essentially, these laws divide the decedent's property according to well-established rules of inheritance based on blood relations, Adoption, or marriage. In the case of a person who has died intestate, the probate court appoints an administrator to distribute the property according to the relevant descent and distribution statutes. Even though a decedent may leave a valid will that names an executor, there is no guarantee that the executor will carry out the duties involved. An executor may be unable or unwilling to serve, for example, because of illness or other commitments. For this reason wills often name an alternate executor as a safeguard. When the named executor cannot or will not serve and there is no alternate executor, the court will intervene to appoint an administrator. Generally, one or more relatives of a decedent will submit their name in a petition for letters of administration, and the court will rule on each submitter's fitness for the duty and on the merits of competing claims, if any. Until the court can appoint someone with full responsibility for the estate, it may choose to appoint a temporary special administrator. This individual is granted limited authority over specified property of the decedent, as opposed to having the authority to direct the disposition of the entire estate. When a valid will exists, any administrator appointed by the court is bound to direct the estate according to the terms of the will. Cross-referencesExecutors and Administrators. letters of administrationn. a document issued by the court clerk which states the authority of the administrator of an estate of person who has died, when there is no will or no available executor named by a will and an administrator has been appointed by the court. It is issued during probate of the estate as soon as the court approves the appointment of the administrator who files a security bond if one is required. Certified copies of the letters are often required by banks and other financial institutions, the federal government, stock transfer agents or other courts before transfer of money or assets to the administrator of the estate. (See: executor, probate) letters of administrationa grant that is issued in the case where a person dies intestate or where no executor is appointed or is willing to act, permitting an estate to be dealt with (see INTESTACY). If the deceased died wholly intestate, the grant will be issued to the person entitled to take out the grant (i.e. the same person or persons who would be entitled to the intestate's estate); such a grant is often referred to as a grant of simple administration. If the deceased left a will but failed to make an effective appointment of an executor, or where the appointed executor refused to act and renounced probate, a grant of letters of administration with will annexed may be taken out, usually by the person with the greatest interest under the will.letters of administration
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