| 单词 | naproxen | |||
| 释义 | naproxenenUKna·prox·enN0016275 (nə-prŏk′sən)naproxen(nəˈprɒksɛn)na•prox•en(nəˈprɒk sən)n.
naproxenenUKnaproxenandnaproxen sodium,potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) used to alleviate the minor pain of arthritis, menstruation, headaches, and the like, and to reduce fever. Along with ibuprofenibuprofen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that reduces pain, fever, and inflammation. Along with naproxen and ketoprofen, ibuprofen belongs to the propionic acid class of NSAIDs. It was first made available in 1967. ..... Click the link for more information. and ketoprofenketoprofen , nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and fever-reducing effects, used to relieve the symptoms of headaches, arthritis, and painful menstruation. ..... Click the link for more information. , they belong to the propionic acid class of NSAIDs. They have been available as prescription drugs for arthritis from 1976. Naproxen sodium was approved at a low dosage as an over-the-counter painkiller in the United States in 1994; it was first marketed under the tradename Aleve. Side effects may include gastrointestinal distress and dizziness, and renal impairment has been reported in some instances with long-term use. The drugs should not be used by those who are allergic to aspirinaspirin, acetyl derivative of salicylic acid (see salicylate) that is used to lower fever, relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and thin the blood. Common conditions treated with aspirin include headache, muscle and joint pain, and the inflammation caused by rheumatic fever and ..... Click the link for more information. . naproxenenUKnaproxen[nah-prok´sen]naproxennaproxen sodiumPharmacologic class: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Therapeutic class: Nonopioid analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory Pregnancy risk category B (first and second trimesters) D (third trimester) ActionUnknown. Thought to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. Availabilitynaproxen Oral suspension: 125 mg/5 ml Tablets: 250 mg, 375 mg, 500 mg Tablets (delayed-release): 375 mg, 500 mg naproxen sodium Caplets, tablets: 220 mg, 275 mg, 550 mg Tablets (controlled-release): 375 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg Indications and dosages➣ Pain; osteoarthritis; ankylosing spondylitis; dysmenorrhea; bursitis; acute tendinitis Adults: 250 to 500 mg (naproxen) P.O. b.i.d. (up to 1.5 g/day); 375 to 500 mg (naproxen delayed-release) P.O. t.i.d.; 250 mg, 375 mg, or 500 mg (naproxen oral suspension) P.O. b.i.d.; 275 to 550 mg (naproxen sodium) P.O. b.i.d. (up to 1.65 g/day) Children: 10 mg/kg P.O. daily in two divided doses (naproxen only) ➣ Mild to moderate pain; primary dysmenorrhea Adults: Initially, 500 mg (naproxen) P.O., followed by 250 mg q 6 to 8 hours p.r.n., to a maximum of 1.25 g/day. Or initially, 550 mg (naproxen sodium) P.O., followed by 275 mg q 6 to 8 hours p.r.n., to a maximum of 1,375 mg/day. ➣ Gout Adults: Initially, 750 mg (naproxen) P.O., followed by 250 mg q 8 hours or initially, 825 mg (naproxen sodium) P.O., followed by 275 mg q 8 hours. On day 1,1,000 to 1,500 mg (naproxen sodium controlled-release formulation) P.O. once daily, followed by 1,000 mg once daily until attack has subsided. ➣ Management of pain, primary dysmenorrhea, acute tendinitis and bursitis Adults: Initially, two 500-mg naproxen sodium controlled-release tablets P.O. once daily. Or, for patients requiring greater analgesic benefit, two 750-mg naproxen sodium controlled-release tablets P.O. once daily. Or, three 500-mg naproxen sodium controlled-release tablets may be used for a limited period. Thereafter, total daily dose shouldn't exceed two 500-mg tablets. ➣ Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis Adults: Initially, two 375-mg naproxen sodium controlled-release tablets P.O. once daily, one 750-mg tablet P.O. once daily, or two 500-mg tablets P.O. once daily. During long-term administration, adjust dosage up or down depending on patient's clinical response. Use lowest effective dose in all patients. (Patients already taking naproxen 250 mg, 375 mg, or 500 mg b.i.d. may have their total daily dosage replaced with naproxen sodium controlled-release tablets as a single daily dose.) Dosage adjustment• Renal or hepatic impairment • Elderly patients Contraindications• Hypersensitivity to drug or other NSAIDs • Asthma, urticaria, or allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs • Perioperative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft surgery PrecautionsUse cautiously in: • severe cardiovascular, renal, or hepatic disease • advanced renal disease (not recommended) • history of ulcer disease or GI bleeding (use with extreme caution) • chronic alcohol use or abuse • elderly patients • pregnant patients • breastfeeding patients (avoid use) • children (naproxen sodium controlled-release) and naproxen use in children younger than age 2 (safety not established). Administration• Give with food or milk to avoid GI upset.  Adverse reactionsCNS: dizziness, drowsiness, headache, vertigo, light-headedness CV: palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension GU: renal toxicity (with long-term use in patients in whom renal prostaglandins have a compensatory role in maintenance of renal perfusion), renal papillary necrosis EENT: visual disturbances, tinnitus, auditory disturbances GI: nausea, diarrhea, constipation, heartburn, abdominal pain, stomatitis, GI bleeding Skin: rash, pruritus, skin eruptions, sweating, photosensitivity, exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis Other: thirst, edema, allergic reactions including anaphylaxis InteractionsDrug-drug. Acetaminophen (chronic use), cyclosporine: increased risk of adverse renal effects Anticoagulants, thrombolytics: increased anticoagulant effect Antihypertensives, cefamandole, cefoperazone, cefotetan, diuretics, eptifibatide: decreased response Antineoplastics, methotrexate: increased risk of nephrotoxicity Aspirin: decreased naproxen efficacy Aspirin, corticosteroids, other NSAIDs: additive adverse GI effects Clopidogrel, plicamycin, ticlopidine, valproic acid: increased risk of bleeding Insulin, oral hypoglycemics: increased risk of hypoglycemia Lithium: increased lithium blood level and risk of nephrotoxicity Other photosensitizing agents: increased risk of photosensitivity Probenecid: increased naproxen blood level, increased risk of toxicity Drug-diagnostic tests. Alanine amino-transferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, lactate dehydroge-nase, potassium: increased levels Bleeding time: prolonged for up to 4 days after therapy ends Creatinine clearance, glucose, hematocrit, hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets: decreased values Urine 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid, urine steroids: test interference Drug-herbs. Anise, arnica, chamomile, clove, dong quai, fenugreek, feverfew, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, ginseng, licorice: increased anticoagulant effect, increased risk of bleeding Patient monitoring• Monitor GI status. Stay alert for signs and symptoms of GI bleeding. In long-term use, assess CBC with white cell differential and coagulation studies, and monitor for visual and hearing impairment and renal toxicity. • Monitor cardiovascular status for tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension, and edema. • Monitor blood glucose level closely in diabetic patients. Monitor patient for signs and symptoms of serious skin manifestations; discontinue drug at first appearance of rash or other signs of hypersensitivity. Patient teaching• Tell patient to take medication with food or milk followed by 8 oz of water, and to stay upright for 30 minutes afterward. • Inform patient that he may crush or break regular tablets but must swallow delayed- or controlled-release form whole. • Tell patient that drug's full therapeutic effect may take up to 2 weeks. • Caution patient not to exceed recommended dosage. Instruct patient how to recognize and immediately report signs and symptoms of renal toxicity and serious skin manifestations. • Advise patient to use sunscreen to prevent photosensitivity reaction. • Instruct patient not to take over-the-counter medications unless prescribed. • Tell patient to consult prescriber before taking herbs. • Advise female patient to tell prescriber if she is pregnant or breastfeeding before starting drug. • As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs, tests, and herbs mentioned above. naproxen(nə-prŏk′sən)naproxenNaprosyn® Therapeutics An oral NSAID excreted through the kidney, breast milk, which crosses the placental barrier. See NSAIDs.naproxenA NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG (NSAID). Brand names are Naprosyn, Nycopren, Synflex and, formulated with the prostaglandin drug MISOPROSTOL, Napratec.naproxenenUK
Synonyms for naproxen
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