Strumilin, Stanislav

(Strumillo-Pietraszkiewicz). Born Jan. 17 (29), 1877, in the village of Dash-kovtsy, now Litin Raion, Vinnitsa Oblast; died Jan. 25, 1974, in Moscow. Soviet economist and statistician. Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1931). Hero of Socialist Labor (1967). Member of the CPSU from 1923.

Joining the revolutionary workers’ movement in 1897, Strumi-lin was subjected to punitive measures by the government and twice escaped from tsarist exile. He was a delegate to the Fourth, or Stockholm, Congress of the RSDLP in 1906 and to the Fifth, or London, Congress of the RSDLP in 1907. He later adhered to the Mensheviks.

Strumilin began his professional career and work as a publicist in 1897. He worked for the State Planning Committee (Gosplan) of the USSR from 1921 to 1937 and from 1943 to 1951, serving in various capacities, including that of vice-chairman, a member of the presidium, deputy director of the Central Administration of National Economic Accounting, and a member of the Council on Scientific and Technical Expertise. At the same time, he also did research and taught at Moscow State University (1921–23), the G. V. Plekhanov Institute of the National Economy (1929–30), and the Moscow State Institute of Economics (1931–50). From 1942 to 1946 he was vice-chairman of the Council of Branches and Research Stations of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, and from 1948 to 1952 head of the sector of the history of the national economy at the Institute of Economics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. From 1948 to 1974 he did research and taught at the Academy of Social Sciences attached to the Central Committee of the CPSU.

Strumilin’s principal works dealt with economics, statistics, management of the national economy, planning, demographic forecasting, the political economy of socialism, economic history, scientific communism, sociology, and philosophy. He devised an index of labor productivity—the Strumilin index—and supervised the development of the world’s first system of material balances. Strumilin wrote more than 700 scholarly works, notably Wealth and Labor (1905), Problems of the Economics of Labor (1925), Essays on the Soviet Economy (1928), and The Industrial Revolution in Russia (1944). He was a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Rumanian Academy of Sciences, an honorary doctor of Warsaw University, and an honorary member of the Demographic Society of the Academy of Sciences of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic.

Strumilin received the State Prize of the USSR (1942) and the Lenin Prize (1958). He was awarded three Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, and various medals.