substitute

sub·sti·tute

S0853400 (sŭb′stĭ-to͞ot′, -tyo͞ot′)n.1. One that takes the place of another: finding substitutes for coal; came in as a substitute at the end of the game.2. Grammar A word or construction used in place of another word, phrase, or clause.v. sub·sti·tut·ed, sub·sti·tut·ing, sub·sti·tutes v.tr.1. To put or use (a person or thing) in place of another: substituted plastic for steel to reduce the weight.2. Usage Problem To replace: substituted the worn-out couch with a new one; original artworks that were substituted by fakes.v.intr. To take the place of another: "Only art can substitute for nature" (Leonard Bernstein).

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[Middle English, from Old French substitut, from Latin substitūtus, past participle of substituere, to substitute : sub-, in place of; see sub- + statuere, to cause to stand; see stā- in Indo-European roots.]

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sub′sti·tut′a·bil′it·y n.sub′sti·tut′a·ble adj.sub′sti·tu′tive (-to͞o′tĭv, -tyo͞o′-) adj.Usage Note: When you describe an action in which you remove one item and put a different item in its place, it's important to clearly identify which item is taking the place of the other. The verbs usually used for this kind of action are replace and substitute, which have converse meanings: if you take away an old thing and put a new thing in its place, you are replacing the old thing with the new thing, or substituting the new thing for the old thing. In the passive voice, old is replaced with new, or new is substituted for old. Sometimes, however, people switch the placement of old and new when using the verb substitute, especially in the passive voice. For example, in a low-calorie recipe that uses applesauce (the new thing) instead of butter (the old thing), the two standard constructions are Butter is replaced with applesauce or Applesauce is substituted for butter. But people sometimes say Butter is substituted by [or with] applesauce. This use of substitute is widely criticized, and most of the Usage Panel dislikes it: in our 2013 survey, 80 percent disapproved of this sentence with the preposition by, and 67 percent disapproved of it with with. In sports, however, one often encounters the less standard use of substitute, where the old player is substituted for the new one rather than vice versa. The Usage Panel is more accepting of such usage in this context; in 2013, just over half the Panel (56 percent) disapproved of the sentence The goalie allowed three goals in the first 12 minutes and was substituted before the end of the period. Unless you are discussing sports, adhering to the traditional constructions will make your writing clearer: replace the old with the new; substitute the new for the old.

substitute

(ˈsʌbstɪˌtjuːt) vb1. (often foll by for) to serve or cause to serve in place of another person or thing2. (Chemistry) chem to replace (an atom or group in a molecule) with (another atom or group)3. (Logic) logic maths to replace (one expression) by (another) in the context of a third, as replacing x + y for x in 3x = k gives 3x + 3y = k4. (Mathematics) logic maths to replace (one expression) by (another) in the context of a third, as replacing x + y for x in 3x = k gives 3x + 3y = kn5. a. a person or thing that serves in place of another, such as a player in a game who takes the place of an injured colleagueb. (as modifier): a substitute goalkeeper. Often shortened to: sub 6. (Grammar) grammar another name for pro-form7. (Education) Canadian another name for supply teacher8. (Nautical Terms) nautical another word for repeater⁵9. (Military) (formerly) a person paid to replace another due for military service[C16: from Latin substituere, from sub- in place of + statuere to set up] ˌsubstiˈtutable adj ˌsubstiˌtutaˈbility nUsage: Substitute is sometimes wrongly used where replace is meant: he replaced (not substituted) the worn tyre with a new one

sub•sti•tute

(ˈsʌb stɪˌtut, -ˌtyut)

n., v. -tut•ed, -tut•ing,
adj. n. 1. a person or thing acting or serving in place of another. 2. (formerly) a person who, for payment, served in an army or navy in the place of a conscript. 3. a word that functions as a replacement for any member of a class of words or constructions, as do in He doesn't know but I do. v.t. 4. to put (a person or thing) in the place of another. 5. to take the place of; replace. 6. to replace (one or more elements or groups in a chemical compound) by other elements or groups. v.i. 7. to act as a substitute. adj. 8. of or pertaining to a substitute or substitutes. 9. composed of substitutes. [1350–1400; Middle English < Latin substitūtus, past participle of substituere to put in place of =sub- sub- + -stituere, comb. form of statuere to set up, erect (compare statue)] sub′sti•tut`a•ble, adj. sub`sti•tut`a•bil′i•ty, n. sub`sti•tu′tion, n. sub`sti•tu′tion•al, adj.

substitute

Past participle: substituted
Gerund: substituting

Imperative
substitute
substitute

Present
I substitute
you substitute
he/she/it substitutes
we substitute
you substitute
they substitute

Preterite
I substituted
you substituted
he/she/it substituted
we substituted
you substituted
they substituted

Present Continuous
I am substituting
you are substituting
he/she/it is substituting
we are substituting
you are substituting
they are substituting

Present Perfect
I have substituted
you have substituted
he/she/it has substituted
we have substituted
you have substituted
they have substituted

Past Continuous
I was substituting
you were substituting
he/she/it was substituting
we were substituting
you were substituting
they were substituting

Past Perfect
I had substituted
you had substituted
he/she/it had substituted
we had substituted
you had substituted
they had substituted

Future
I will substitute
you will substitute
he/she/it will substitute
we will substitute
you will substitute
they will substitute

Future Perfect
I will have substituted
you will have substituted
he/she/it will have substituted
we will have substituted
you will have substituted
they will have substituted

Future Continuous
I will be substituting
you will be substituting
he/she/it will be substituting
we will be substituting
you will be substituting
they will be substituting

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been substituting
you have been substituting
he/she/it has been substituting
we have been substituting
you have been substituting
they have been substituting

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been substituting
you will have been substituting
he/she/it will have been substituting
we will have been substituting
you will have been substituting
they will have been substituting

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been substituting
you had been substituting
he/she/it had been substituting
we had been substituting
you had been substituting
they had been substituting

Conditional
I would substitute
you would substitute
he/she/it would substitute
we would substitute
you would substitute
they would substitute

Past Conditional
I would have substituted
you would have substituted
he/she/it would have substituted
we would have substituted
you would have substituted
they would have substituted

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	substitute - a person or thing that takes or can take the place of anotherreplacementequivalent - a person or thing equal to another in value or measure or force or effect or significance etc; "send two dollars or the equivalent in stamps"ersatz - an artificial or inferior substitute or imitationsuccessor - a thing or person that immediately replaces something or someonesuccedaneum - (medicine) something that can be used as a substitute (especially any medicine that may be taken in place of another)
	2.	substitute - an athlete who plays only when a starter on the team is replacedsecond-stringer, reservebench - the reserve players on a team; "our team has a strong bench"athlete, jock - a person trained to compete in sportsbench warmer - (sports) a substitute who seldom playspinch hitter - (baseball) a substitute for the regular batter
	3.	substitute - someone who takes the place of another (as when things get dangerous or difficult); "the star had a stand-in for dangerous scenes"; "we need extra employees for summer fill-ins"backup man, fill-in, reliever, stand-in, backup, reliefcompeer, equal, peer, match - a person who is of equal standing with another in a grouplocum, locum tenens - someone (physician or clergyman) who substitutes temporarily for another member of the same professionstunt man, stunt woman, double - a stand-in for movie stars to perform dangerous stunts; "his first job in Hollywood was as a double for Clark Gable"alternate, surrogate, replacement - someone who takes the place of another person
Verb	1.	substitute - put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items; "the con artist replaced the original with a fake Rembrandt"; "substitute regular milk with fat-free milk"; "synonyms can be interchanged without a changing the context's meaning"interchange, replace, exchangealter, change, modify - cause to change; make different; cause a transformation; "The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"; "The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue"shift - move and exchange for another; "shift the date for our class reunion"reduce - simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for anothertruncate - replace a corner by a planeretool - provide (a workshop or factory) with new toolssubrogate - substitute one creditor for another, as in the case where an insurance company sues the person who caused an accident for the insured
	2.	substitute - be a substitute; "The young teacher had to substitute for the sick colleague"; "The skim milk substitutes for cream--we are on a strict diet"stand in, sub, fill inexchange, interchange, change - give to, and receive from, one another; "Would you change places with me?"; "We have been exchanging letters for a year"
	3.	substitute - act as a substitute; "She stood in for the soprano who suffered from a cold"deputise, deputize, step incover - help out by taking someone's place and temporarily assuming his responsibilities; "She is covering for our secretary who is ill this week"supercede, supersede, supervene upon, supplant, replace - take the place or move into the position of; "Smith replaced Miller as CEO after Miller left"; "the computer has supplanted the slide rule"; "Mary replaced Susan as the team's captain and the highest-ranked player in the school"
Adj.	1.	substitute - capable of substituting in any of several positions on a team; "a utility infielder"utilitysecondary - being of second rank or importance or value; not direct or immediate; "the stone will be hauled to a secondary crusher"; "a secondary source"; "a secondary issue"; "secondary streams"
	2.	substitute - serving or used in place of another; "an alternative plan"alternative, alternatesecondary - being of second rank or importance or value; not direct or immediate; "the stone will be hauled to a secondary crusher"; "a secondary source"; "a secondary issue"; "secondary streams"
	3.	substitute - artificial and inferior; "ersatz coffee"; "substitute coffee"ersatzartificial, unreal - contrived by art rather than nature; "artificial flowers"; "artificial flavoring"; "an artificial diamond"; "artificial fibers"; "artificial sweeteners"

substitute

verb1. replace, exchange, swap, change, switch, commute, interchange They were substituting violence for dialogue.2. (with for) stand in for, take the place of, cover for, take over from, relieve, act for, double for, fill in for, hold the fort for, be in place of, deputize for Her parents are trying to be supportive but they can't substitute for Jackie as a mother.noun1. replacement, reserve, equivalent, surrogate, deputy, relief, representative, sub, temporary, stand-by, makeshift, proxy, temp (informal), expedient, locum, depute (Scot.), stopgap, locum tenens She is seeking a substitute for the man who broke her heart.adjective1. replacement, reserve, temporary, surrogate, second, acting, alternative, additional, fall-back, proxy They had fallen for their substitute teacher.Usage: Although substitute and replace have the same meaning, the structures they are used in are different. You replace A with B, while you substitute B for A. Accordingly, he replaced the worn tyre with a new one, and he substituted a new tyre for the worn one are both correct ways of saying the same thing.

substitute

nounOne that takes the place of another:alternate, replacement, stand-in, surrogate.Informal: fill-in, pinch hitter, sub.verb1. To give up in return for something else:change, commute, exchange, interchange, shift, switch, trade.Informal: swap.2. To act as a substitute:fill in, stand in, supply.Informal: pinch-hit, sub.

Translations

替代替代品代替人代替物

substitute

(ˈsabstitjuːt) verb to put in, or to take, the place of someone or something else. I substituted your name for mine on the list. 替代 替代 noun a person or thing used or acting instead of another. Guesswork is no substitute for investigation; She is not well enough to play in the tennis match, so we must find a substitute; (also adjective) I was substitute headmaster for a term. 代替人(物) 代替人（物） ˌsubstiˈtution noun the act of substituting, or process of being substituted. 代替 代替

substitute

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