| 释义 |
privilege
priv·i·lege P0570400 (prĭv′ə-lĭj, prĭv′lĭj)n.1. a. A special advantage, immunity, permission, right, or benefit granted to or enjoyed by an individual, class, or caste. See Synonyms at right.b. Such an advantage, immunity, or right held as a prerogative of status or rank, and exercised to the exclusion or detriment of others.2. The principle of granting and maintaining a special right or immunity: a society based on privilege.3. a. Protection from being forced to disclose confidential communications in certain relationships, as between attorney and client, physician and patient, or priest and confessor.b. Protection from being sued for libel or slander for making otherwise actionable statements in a context or forum where open and candid expression is deemed desirable for reasons of public policy.4. An option to buy or sell a stock, including put, call, spread, and straddle.tr.v. priv·i·leged, priv·i·leg·ing, priv·i·leg·es 1. To grant a privilege to.2. To free or exempt.
[Middle English, from Old French, from Latin prīvilēgium, a law affecting one person : prīvus, single, alone; see per in Indo-European roots + lēx, lēg-, law; see leg- in Indo-European roots.]privilege (ˈprɪvɪlɪdʒ) n1. a benefit, immunity, etc, granted under certain conditions2. the advantages and immunities enjoyed by a small usually powerful group or class, esp to the disadvantage of others: one of the obstacles to social harmony is privilege. 3. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) any of the fundamental rights guaranteed to the citizens of a country by its constitution4. (Law) a. the right of a lawyer to refuse to divulge information obtained in confidence from a clientb. the right claimed by any of certain other functionaries to refuse to divulge information: executive privilege. 5. (Parliamentary Procedure) the rights and immunities enjoyed by members of most legislative bodies, such as freedom of speech, freedom from arrest in civil cases during a session, etc6. (Stock Exchange) stock exchange US a speculative contract permitting its purchaser to make optional purchases or sales of securities at a specified time over a limited period of time. See also call61, put20, spread24c, straddle9vb (tr) 7. to bestow a privilege or privileges upon8. (foll by from) to free or exempt[C12: from Old French privilēge, from Latin prīvilēgium law relevant to rights of an individual, from prīvus an individual + lēx law]priv•i•lege (ˈprɪv ə lɪdʒ, ˈprɪv lɪdʒ)
n., v. -leged, -leg•ing. n. 1. a right, immunity, or benefit enjoyed by a particular person or a restricted group of persons. 2. a special right, immunity, or exemption granted to persons in authority or office to free them from certain obligations or liabilities. 3. a grant of a special right or immunity, under certain conditions. 4. the principle or condition of enjoying special rights or immunities. 5. any of the rights common to all citizens under a modern constitutional government. 6. an advantage or source of pleasure granted to a person: It's my privilege to be here. v.t. 7. to grant a privilege to. 8. to exempt (usu. fol. by from). 9. to authorize or license (something otherwise forbidden). [1125–75; Middle English; earlier privilegie (< Old French privilege) < Latin prīvilēgium orig., a law for or against an individual =prīvi- (comb. form of prīvus one's own) + lēg- (see legal) + -ium -ium1] syn: privilege, prerogative refer to a special advantage or right possessed by an individual or group. A privilege is a right or advantage gained by birth, social position, effort, or concession. It can have either legal or personal sanction: the privilege of paying half fare; the privilege of calling whenever one wishes. prerogative refers to an exclusive right claimed and granted, often officially or legally, on the basis of social status, heritage, sex, etc.: the prerogatives of a king; the prerogatives of management. privilege- box social - A social event at which boxes of food are auctioned to male bidders, who win the privilege of eating and dancing with the woman who prepared the box lunch.
- privilege, prerogative - A privilege is a right that may be extended to a group or a number of people; a prerogative is a right that, customarily, is vested in a single person.
- munity - A granted right or privilege.
- prerogative - Comes from Latin praerogare, "ask before others," and came to mean "right to precedence, privilege."
privilege
Past participle: privileged
Gerund: privileging
| Imperative |
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| privilege | | privilege |
| Present |
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| I privilege | | you privilege | | he/she/it privileges | | we privilege | | you privilege | | they privilege |
| Preterite |
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| I privileged | | you privileged | | he/she/it privileged | | we privileged | | you privileged | | they privileged |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am privileging | | you are privileging | | he/she/it is privileging | | we are privileging | | you are privileging | | they are privileging |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have privileged | | you have privileged | | he/she/it has privileged | | we have privileged | | you have privileged | | they have privileged |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was privileging | | you were privileging | | he/she/it was privileging | | we were privileging | | you were privileging | | they were privileging |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had privileged | | you had privileged | | he/she/it had privileged | | we had privileged | | you had privileged | | they had privileged |
| Future |
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| I will privilege | | you will privilege | | he/she/it will privilege | | we will privilege | | you will privilege | | they will privilege |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have privileged | | you will have privileged | | he/she/it will have privileged | | we will have privileged | | you will have privileged | | they will have privileged |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be privileging | | you will be privileging | | he/she/it will be privileging | | we will be privileging | | you will be privileging | | they will be privileging |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been privileging | | you have been privileging | | he/she/it has been privileging | | we have been privileging | | you have been privileging | | they have been privileging |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been privileging | | you will have been privileging | | he/she/it will have been privileging | | we will have been privileging | | you will have been privileging | | they will have been privileging |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been privileging | | you had been privileging | | he/she/it had been privileging | | we had been privileging | | you had been privileging | | they had been privileging |
| Conditional |
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| I would privilege | | you would privilege | | he/she/it would privilege | | we would privilege | | you would privilege | | they would privilege |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have privileged | | you would have privileged | | he/she/it would have privileged | | we would have privileged | | you would have privileged | | they would have privileged |
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | privilege - a special advantage or immunity or benefit not enjoyed by alladvantage, vantage - the quality of having a superior or more favorable position; "the experience gave him the advantage over me" | | 2. | privilege - a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right); "suffrage was the prerogative of white adult males"exclusive right, prerogative, perquisiteright - an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature; "they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights"; "Certain rights can never be granted to the government but must be kept in the hands of the people"- Eleanor Roosevelt; "a right is not something that somebody gives you; it is something that nobody can take away"easement - (law) the privilege of using something that is not your own (as using another's land as a right of way to your own land)privilege of the floor - the right to be admitted onto the floor of a legislative assembly while it is in session | | 3. | privilege - (law) the right to refuse to divulge information obtained in a confidential relationshipright - an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature; "they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights"; "Certain rights can never be granted to the government but must be kept in the hands of the people"- Eleanor Roosevelt; "a right is not something that somebody gives you; it is something that nobody can take away"attorney-client privilege - the right of a lawyer to refuse to divulge confidential information from his clientinformer's privilege - the right of the government to refuse to reveal the identity of an informerjournalist's privilege - the right of a journalist to refuse to divulge sources of confidential informationhusband-wife privilege, marital communications privilege - neither spouse can divulge confidential communications from the other while they were marriedphysician-patient privilege - the right of a physician to refuse to divulge confidential information from a patient without the consent of the patientpriest-penitent privilege - the right of a clergyman to refuse to divulge confidential information received from a person during confession or similar exchangeslaw, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order" | | Verb | 1. | privilege - bestow a privilege uponfavour, favorcountenance, permit, allow, let - consent to, give permission; "She permitted her son to visit her estranged husband"; "I won't let the police search her basement"; "I cannot allow you to see your exam" |
privilegenoun1. right, benefit, due, advantage, claim, freedom, sanction, liberty, concession, franchise, entitlement, prerogative, birthright The ancient powers and privileges of the House of Commons.2. advantage, luxury, indulgence, affluence She was born into a life of privilege.3. honour, pleasure, source of pleasure or pride or satisfaction It's been a privilege to meet you.4. immunity, liberty, exemption, dispensation He will use parliamentary privilege to make this information public.verb1. favour, promote, spoil, side with, advance, smile upon, pull strings for, treat with partiality They are privileging a tiny number to the disadvantage of the rest.Translationsprivilege (ˈprivəlidʒ) noun (a) favour or right available, or granted, to only one person, or to a small number of people. Senior students are usually allowed certain privileges. 特權 特权ˈprivileged adjective 有特權的 有特权的
privilege
abuse of privilegesThe wrongful or unlawful misuse of power in one's duties, either at the expense of others or to the advantage of the abuser. The governor displayed a flagrant abuse of privileges, channeling state funds toward a project owned by her son-in-law at the expense of more worthwhile causes. The moderator was deemed to have committed an abuse of privileges, deleting comments that opposed his own.See also: abuse, of, privilegemale privilegeThe preponderance of power and opportunities available to men in society. (In common usage, the term is restricted to men who conform to normative masculinity.) Male privilege means you can walk down the street without giving a second thought to your safety.See also: male, privilegecheck your privilegeslang Be mindful of any societal benefits that you receive or any discrimination that you avoid due to your skin color, gender, socioeconomic status, or other elements of your identity. As a rich white dude, you might want to check your privilege before criticizing the poor people who live in this part of the city.See also: check, privilege*(a) right to something and *(the) right to somethinga privilege or license to have something. (*Typically: get ~; have ~; give someone ~.) I have the right to have the kind of house I want. You have a right to any house you can afford.See also: rightprivilege
privilege1. any of the fundamental rights guaranteed to the citizens of a country by its constitution 2. a. the right of a lawyer to refuse to divulge information obtained in confidence from a client b. the right claimed by any of certain other functionaries to refuse to divulge information 3. the rights and immunities enjoyed by members of most legislative bodies, such as freedom of speech, freedom from arrest in civil cases during a session, etc. Privilege the granting of some concession; a partial exemption from fulfilling established rules or obligations (tax privileges or pension privileges) or the easing of the conditions of their fulfillment. privilege(1) The rights granted to a single user or group of users who operate a computer. Administrative privileges allow a user the right to make any and all changes in the computer, including setting up accounts for other users. User-level privileges are more restricted. See access rights.
(2) The rights granted to software running in the computer, which determines which hardware and software resources can be accessed and changed. See privileged mode and access mode.privilege
privilege (prĭv′ĭ-lĭj) [L. privilegium, law affecting a single person, prerogative] 1. A right granted to a person in recognition of some special status, e.g., a right to practice one's profession in a health care facility.2. An immunity from commonly imposed standards or laws.privilege
PrivilegeA particular benefit, advantage, or Immunity enjoyed by a person or class of people that is not shared with others. A power of exemption against or beyond the law. It is not a right but, rather, exempts one from the performance of a duty, obligation, or liability. privilegen. a special benefit, exemption from a duty, or immunity from penalty, given to a particular person, a group or a class of people. privilege a right or immunity in connection with legal proceedings conferred upon a person by virtue of his position. For example, in the law of evidence a person may generally refuse to answer a question on the grounds that the answer might incriminate him; likewise, a spouse may refuse to answer questions about the other spouse in relation to events occurring during the time of their marriage. The word has a specialized meaning in the context of the law of defamation.PRIVILEGE, civil law. A right which the nature of a debt gives to a creditor, and which entitles him to be preferred before other creditors. Louis. Code, art. 3153; Dict. de Juris. art. Privilege: Domat, Lois Civ. liv. 2, t. 1, s. 4, n. 1.
2. Creditors of the same rank of privileges, are paid in concurrence, that is, on an equal footing. Privileges may exist either in movables, or immovables, or both at once. They are general or special, on certain movables. The debts which are privileged on all the movables in general, are the following, which are paid in this order. 1. Funeral charges. 2. Law charges, which are such as are occasioned by the prosecution of a suit before the courts. But this name applies more particularly to costs, which the party cast has to pay to the party gaining the cause. It is in favor of these only that the law grants the privilege. 3. Charges, of whatever nature, occasioned by the last sickness, concurrently among those to whom they are due; see Last sickness. 4. The wages of servants for the year past, and so much as is due for the current year. 5. Supplies of provisions made to the debtor or his family during the last six months, by retail dealers, such as bakers, butchers, grocers; and during the last year by keepers of boarding houses and taverns. 6. The salaries of clerks, secretaries, and other persons of that kind. 7. Dotal rights, due to wives by their husbands.
3. The debts which are privileged on particular movables, are, 1. The debt of a workman or artisan for the price of his labor, on the movable which he has repaired, or made, if the thing continues still in his possession. 2. That debt on the pledge which is in the creditor's possession. 3. The carrier's charges and accessory expenses on the thing carried. 4. The price due on movable effects, if they are yet in the possession of the purchaser; and the like. See Lien.
4. Creditors have a privilege on immovables, or real estate in some, cases, of which the following are instances: 1. The vendor on the estate by him sold, for the payment of the price, or so much of it as is due whether it be sold on or without a credit. 2. Architects and undertakers, bricklayers and other workmen employed in constructing, rebuilding or repairing houses, buildings, or making other works on such houses, buildings, or works by them constructed, rebuilt or repaired. 3. Those who have supplied the owner with materials for the construction or repair of an edifice or other work, which he has erected or repaired out of these materials, on the edifice or other work constructed or repaired. Louis. Code, art. 3216. See, generally, as to privilege. Louis. Code, tit. 21; Code Civ. tit. 18; Dict. de Juris. tit. Privilege; Lien; Last sickness; Preference. PRIVILEGE, mar. law. An allowance to the master of a ship of the general nature with primage, (q.v.) being compensation or rather a gratuity customary in certain trades, and which the law assumes to be a fair and equitable allowance, because the contract on both sides is made under the knowledge such usage by the parties. 3 Chit. Com. Law, 431. PRIVILEGE, rights. This word, taken its active sense, is a particular law, or a particular disposition of the law, which grants certain special prerogatives to some persons, contrary to common right. In its passive sense, it is the same prerogative granted by the same particular law.
2. Examples of privilege may be found in all systems of law; members of congress and of the several legislatures, during a certain time, partiesand witnesses while attending court; and coming to and returning from thesame; electors, while going to the election, remaining on the ground, orreturning from the same, are all privileged from arrest, except for treason,felony or breach of the peace.
3. Privileges from arrest for civil cases are either general and absolute, or limited and qualified as to time or place.
4.-1. In the first class may be mentioned ambassadors, and their servants, when the debt or duty has been contracted by the latter since they entered into the service of such ambassador; insolvent debtors duly discharged under the insolvent laws; in some places, as in Pennsylvania, women for any debt by them contracted; and in general, executors and administrators, when sued in their representative character, though they have been held to bail. 2 Binn. 440.
5.-2. In the latter class may be placed, 1st. Members of congress this privilege is strictly personal, and is not only his own, or that of his constituent, but also that of the house of which he is a member, which every man is bound to know, and must take notice of. Jeff. Man. Sec. 3; 2 Wils. R. 151; Com. Dig. Parliament, D. 17. The time during which the privilege extends includes all the period of the session of congress, and a reasonable time for going to, and returning from the seat of government. Jeff. Man. Sec. 3; Story, Const. Sec. 856 to 862; 1 Kent, Com. 221; 1 Dall. R. 296. The same privilege is extended to the members of the different state legislatures.
6.-2d. Electors under the constitution and laws of the United States, or of any state, are protected from arrest for any civil cause, or for any crime except treason, felony, or a breach of the peace, eundo, morando, et redeundo, that is, going to, staying at, or returning from the election.
7.-3d. Militia men, while engaged in the performance of military duty, under the laws, and eundo, morando et redeundo.
8.-4th. All persons who, either necessarily or of right are attending any court or forum of justice, whether as judge, juror, party interested or witness, and eundo, morando et redeundo. See 6 Mass. R, 245; 4 Dall. R. 329, 487; 2 John. R. 294; 1 South. R. 366; 11 Mass. R. 11; 3 Cowen, R. 381; 1 Pet. C. C. R. 41.
9. Ambassadors are wholly exempt from arrest for civil or criminal cases.
Vide Ambassador. See, generally, Bac. Ab. h.t.; 2 Rolle's Ab. 272; 2 Lilly's Reg. 369; Brownl. 15; 13 Mass. R. 288; 1 Binn. R. 77; 1 H. Bl. 686; Bouv. Inst. Index, h.t. FinancialSeeadministratorprivilege
Synonyms for privilegenoun rightSynonyms- right
- benefit
- due
- advantage
- claim
- freedom
- sanction
- liberty
- concession
- franchise
- entitlement
- prerogative
- birthright
noun advantageSynonyms- advantage
- luxury
- indulgence
- affluence
noun honourSynonyms- honour
- pleasure
- source of pleasure or pride or satisfaction
noun immunitySynonyms- immunity
- liberty
- exemption
- dispensation
verb favourSynonyms- favour
- promote
- spoil
- side with
- advance
- smile upon
- pull strings for
- treat with partiality
Synonyms for privilegenoun a special advantage or immunity or benefit not enjoyed by allRelated Wordsnoun a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right)Synonyms- exclusive right
- prerogative
- perquisite
Related Words- right
- easement
- privilege of the floor
noun (law) the right to refuse to divulge information obtained in a confidential relationshipRelated Words- right
- attorney-client privilege
- informer's privilege
- journalist's privilege
- husband-wife privilege
- marital communications privilege
- physician-patient privilege
- priest-penitent privilege
- law
- jurisprudence
verb bestow a privilege uponSynonymsRelated Words- countenance
- permit
- allow
- let
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