shaken-baby syndrome

A syndrome seen in abused infants and children, sometimes referred to as “shaken impact syndrome” because of the accompanying impact injuries to the head. The patient has been subjected to violent, whiplash-type shaking injuries inflicted by an abuser. This may cause coma, convulsions, and increased intracranial pressure, resulting from tearing of the cerebral veins, with consequent bleeding into the subdural space. Retinal hemorrhages and bruises on the arms or trunk where the patient was forcefully grabbed are usually present.

Incidence

About 50,000 cases are reported each year in the U.S. This number probably represents under-reporting.

Diagnosis

The presence of retinal hemorrhage, cerebral edema, and subdural hematoma—either individually or in any combination—strongly suggests the diagnosis in the absence of other explanations for the trauma. Radiological imaging is used to identify the specific sites of injury.

Prognosis

The prognosis for affected infants and children is extremely guarded. Only about 15% to 20% of them recover without sequelae, such as vision and hearing impairments, seizure disorders, cerebral palsy, and developmental disorders requiring ongoing medical, educational, and behavioral management. See: battered child syndrome; abuse, child

CAUTION!

In domestic situations in which a child is abused, it is important to examine other children and infants living in the same home because about 20% of these children will have signs of physical abuse as well. That examination should be done without delay, to prevent further abuse.

单词	shaken-baby syndrome
释义	DictionarySeeshaken baby syndrome shaken-baby syndrome shaken-baby syndrome A syndrome seen in abused infants and children, sometimes referred to as “shaken impact syndrome” because of the accompanying impact injuries to the head. The patient has been subjected to violent, whiplash-type shaking injuries inflicted by an abuser. This may cause coma, convulsions, and increased intracranial pressure, resulting from tearing of the cerebral veins, with consequent bleeding into the subdural space. Retinal hemorrhages and bruises on the arms or trunk where the patient was forcefully grabbed are usually present. Incidence About 50,000 cases are reported each year in the U.S. This number probably represents under-reporting. Diagnosis The presence of retinal hemorrhage, cerebral edema, and subdural hematoma—either individually or in any combination—strongly suggests the diagnosis in the absence of other explanations for the trauma. Radiological imaging is used to identify the specific sites of injury. Prognosis The prognosis for affected infants and children is extremely guarded. Only about 15% to 20% of them recover without sequelae, such as vision and hearing impairments, seizure disorders, cerebral palsy, and developmental disorders requiring ongoing medical, educational, and behavioral management. See: battered child syndrome; abuse, child CAUTION! In domestic situations in which a child is abused, it is important to examine other children and infants living in the same home because about 20% of these children will have signs of physical abuse as well. That examination should be done without delay, to prevent further abuse.
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