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tinnitus
tin·ni·tus T0226700 (tĭ-nī′təs, tĭn′ĭ-)n. pl. tin·ni·tus·es Noise such as buzzing, ringing, or whistling, heard in the ear without an external stimulus and having multiple causes including infection, trauma, and drugs.
[Latin tinnītus, from past participle of tinnīre, to ring, of imitative origin.]tinnitus (ˈtɪnɪtəs; tɪˈnaɪtəs) n (Pathology) pathol a ringing, hissing, or booming sensation in one or both ears, caused by infection of the middle or inner ear, a side effect of certain drugs, etc[C19: from Latin, from tinnīre to ring]tin•ni•tus (tɪˈnaɪ təs, ˈtɪn ɪ-)
n. a sensation of sound, as ringing, in the ears. [1685–95; < Latin tinnītus a tinkling <tinnī(re) to tinkle] tinnitusa ringing or whistling sound in the ears, not caused by any outside stimulus.See also: EartinnitusA ringing or buzzing sound in the ears.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | tinnitus - a ringing or booming sensation in one or both ears; a symptom of an ear infection or Meniere's diseasesymptom - (medicine) any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular disease |
Translationstinnitus
tinnitus, the hearing of sounds in the absence of any external sound, also known as ringing in the ears. The sounds may be perceived as hissing, whistling, buzzing, swooshing, roaring, or clicking in addition to ringing; in rare cases indistinct voices or music may be heard. The sounds may be high or low, may be loud or quiet, and may come and go or be present all the time; they may be heard in one ear or both. Tinnitus, which is often worse when things are quiet, is a symptom of a variety of physiological conditions and is also associated with taking certain medications. Most typically it is an auditory and neurological response to hearing loss cause by loud noise, but there are many other causes, and in rare cases it may be caused by sounds produced by the circulation of the blood in the blood vessels or another physiological process. Tinnitus usually is not a symptom of something serious, but many people find the sounds bothersome, and it may produce fatigue, stress, problems with sleep, concentration, or memory, and depression or anxiety, becoming debilitating for some sufferers. Tinnitus may be treatable if it is caused by an underlying condition that can be corrected or a medication for which there is an alternative, but there is no effective drug treatment for tinnitus itself. In other cases, a hearing aid or a machine or masking device that produces white noise may be helpful. Counseling with cognitive behavioral therapy to accustom patients to the sounds and teach coping techniques can reduce the stress and the associated problems some people experience. Tinnitus a noise in the ears, a sensation arising in the absence of external acoustic stimuli. Tinnitus can occur in one ear or both ears. Physiological tinnitus sometimes occurs under conditions of complete silence; it is due to the sensation of blood flowing in the small capillaries of the inner ear. In contrast, pathological tinnitus, usually accompanied by impairment of hearing, is caused by diseases of the middle or inner ear or auditory nerve, by intoxication with an industrial chemical (mercury, arsenic, phosphorus, lead), or by some drugs. Differences in the intensity and nature of the noise (buzzing, ringing, whistling) are diagnostic clues. tinnitus[′tin·əd·əs] (medicine) A ringing, roaring, or hissing sound in one or both ears. tinnitus
Tinnitus DefinitionTinnitus is hearing ringing, buzzing, or other sounds without an external cause. Patients may experience tinnitus in one or both ears or in the head.DescriptionTinnitus affects as many as 40 million adults in the United States. It is defined as either objective or subjective. In objective tinnitus, the doctor can hear the sounds, as well as the patient. Objective tinnitus is typically caused by tumors, turbulent blood flow through malformed vessels, or by rhythmic muscular spasms. Most cases of tinnitus are subjective, which means that only the patient can hear the sounds.Causes and symptomsSubjective tinnitus is frequently associated with hearing loss. About 90% of patients have sensorineural hearing loss; 5% suffer from conductive hearing loss; 5% have normal hearing. The causes of subjective tinnitus include:- impacted ear wax
- ear infections
- hardening of the structures of the inner ear
- hearing loss related to age or excessive noise
- ototoxic medications, including aspirin, quinine, some diuretics, heavy metals, alcohol, and certain antibiotics
- meniere's syndrome
- head trauma
- systemic diseases, including syphilis, hypertension, anemia, or hypothyroidism
- tumors of the ear
DiagnosisDiagnosis of tinnitus includes a physical examination of the patient's head and neck. The doctor will use an otoscope to examine the ears for wax, infection, or structural changes. He or she will also use a stethoscope to listen to the blood vessels in the neck. Additional tests may include the following:Tuning fork testsThe Rinne and Weber tests are commonly used to evaluate the type and severity of hearing loss. In the Weber test, the doctor holds a tuning fork against the patient's forehead or front teeth. If the hearing loss is sensorineural, the sound radiates to the ear with better hearing; if the hearing loss is conductive, the sound will be louder in the damaged ear. In the Rinne test, the tuning fork is placed alternately on the mastoid bone (behind the ear) and in front of the ear. In conductive hearing loss, bone conduction (BC) is greater than air conduction (AC). In sensorineural hearing loss, AC is greater than BC.Diagnostic imagingMagnetic resonance angiography or venography (MRA and MRV) can be used to evaluate malformations of the blood vessels. Computed tomography scans (CT scans) or magnetic resonance imaging scans (MRIs) can be used to locate tumors or abnormalities of the brain stem.Blood testsThe doctor may order a complete blood count (CBC) with specific antibody tests to rule out syphilis or immune system disorders.TreatmentSome cases of tinnitus can be treated by removal of the underlying cause. These include surgical treatment of impacted ear wax, tumors, head injuries, or malformed blood vessels; discontinuance of ototoxic medications; and antibiotic treatment of infections.Subjective tinnitus, especially that associated with age-related hearing loss, can be treated with hearing aids, noise generators or other masking devices, biofeedback, antidepressant medications, or lifestyle modifications (elimination of smoking, coffee, and aspirin).Alternative treatmentA variety of alternative therapies may be helpful in the treatment of tinnitus. Dietary adjustments, including the elimination of coffee and other stimulants, may be useful, since stimulants can make tinnitus worse. In addition, reducing the amount of fat and cholesterol in the diet can help improve blood circulation to the ears. Nutritional supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, B vitamins, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and essential fatty acids is also recommended. Gingko (Gingko biloba) is often suggested, since it is believed to enhance circulation to the brain. Acupuncture treatments may help decrease the level of tinnitus sounds the patient hears, and constitutional homeopathic treatment may also be effective.PrognosisThe prognosis depends on the cause of the tinnitus and the patient's emotional response. Most patients with subjective tinnitus do not find it seriously disturbing, but about 5% have strong negative feelings. These patients are frequently helped by instruction in relaxation techniques.ResourcesBooksJackler, Robert K., and Michael J. Kaplan. "Ear, Nose, & Throat." In Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment, 1998, edited by StephenMcPhee, et al., 37th ed. Stamford: Appleton & Lange, 1997.Key termsConductive hearing loss — Hearing loss caused by loss of function in the external or middle ear.Meniere's syndrome — A disease of the inner ear, marked by recurrent episodes of loss of balance (vertigo) and roaring in the ears lasting several hours. Its cause is unknown.Ototoxic — Damaging to the nerves controlling the senses of hearing and balance.Sensorineural hearing loss — Hearing loss caused by damage to the nerves or parts of the inner ear governing the sense of hearing.tinnitus [tin´ĭ-tus, tĭ-ni´tus] a noise in the ears, such as ringing, buzzing, or roaring, which may at times be heard by others than the patient. Common causes include presbycusis, prolonged exposure to loud environmental noise, and such pathological conditions as inflammation and infection of the ear, otosclerosis, meniere's disease, and labyrinthitis. Systemic disorders associated with tinnitus include hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases, neurologic disorders including head injury, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism. Tinnitus often is one of the first symptoms produced by an ototoxic drug.
Medical treatment begins with efforts to determine the underlying cause and treat it. When the cause cannot be found or is not amenable to control, symptomatic relief is attempted. However, some cases resist all conventional modes of therapy. Less traditional measures that have had varying degrees of success include biofeedback training and “masking.” Biofeedback training is especially helpful in those cases in which emotional stress and anxiety or hysteria are thought to be contributing factors. Through visual or auditory signals the person learns to relax and exert some degree of control over the autonomic nervous system. This can lower blood pressure and pulse rate and relax tense muscles. Masking simply provides a low-level noise to block out or mask the head noise heard by the person. Some examples include playing soft music or a tape of sounds of nature, such as a waterfall, while the person is resting or sleeping, providing “white sound” in the work setting, using a hearing aid to amplify sound from the outside and overcome head noise, and wearing a special tinnitus instrument that is a combination hearing aid and tinnitus masker for persons who have both hearing loss and tinnitus.
Persistent and severe tinnitus can interfere with patients' ability to perform their usual daily activities and prevent them from getting sufficient sleep and rest. Because the problem is so widespread, and for many persons incapacitating, there is a national association devoted to the study and management of tinnitus. Its address is American Tinnitus Association, P.O. Box 5, Portland, OR 97207.tin·ni·tus (tin'i-tŭs, ti-nī'tŭs), Avoid the mispronunciation tin'nitus.Perception of a sound in the absence of an environmental acoustic stimulus. The sound can be a pure tone or noise including (ringing, whistling, hissing, roaring, or booming) in the ears. Tinnitus is usually associated with a loss of hearing. The site of origin of the sound percept may be in the central auditory pathways even if the initial lesion is in the end organ of the auditory system. [L. a jingling, fr. tinnio, pp. tinnitus, to jingle, clink] tinnitus (tĭ-nī′təs, tĭn′ĭ-)n. pl. tinni·tuses Noise such as buzzing, ringing, or whistling, heard in the ear without an external stimulus and having multiple causes including infection, trauma, and drugs.tinnitus Neurology Nonhallucinatory ringing, buzzing, clicking, clanging, roaring, etc, in the ears linked to loss of hearing Etiology Aspirin, NSAIDs, aging, auditory neuroma, acoustic traumatin·ni·tus (tin'i-tŭs) A sensation of noises (ringing, whistling, booming) in the ears. tinnitus Any sound originating in the head and perceptible by the person concerned. Tinnitus may be a hissing, whistling, clicking or ringing sound, appearing to come from one or both ears, or from the centre of the head. It is usually associated with deafness and may be caused by anything that damages the hearing mechanism of the inner ear, such as loud noise, drugs toxic to the ear, MENIERE'S DISEASE, OTOSCLEROSIS and PRESBYACUSIS. Tinnitus is best ignored, as a preoccupation with the symptom can be disabling. White noise tinnitus maskers are sometimes helpful.tin·ni·tus (tini-tŭs) Perception of a sound (e.g.,whistling, roaring) in the absence of an environmental stimulus. Patient discussion about tinnitusQ. What is Tinnitus? My doctor asked me if I have tinnitus and I didn't exactly understand what he meant. What is tinnitus?A. Tinnitus is noises or ringing in the ears. It can be constant or come and go. It can be in one ear or both ears.Get another DOC if he cant tell you what it is. Q. Tinnitus (Ringing and Other Ear Noise) Anybody have this problem?Urrrrrrrrrrr, I think I want to shoot myself,you know what I mean.It is worst than the chinese torture.Someone, please send me a good tip how to stop it.I have this for 4 yrs and it is driving me crazy.You cannot enjoy total complete silence.They say silence is golden but not when you have this ringgi in your ears.It gets worst when there is no noise.The only remedy I have is eating hot spicy curry, it helps for 2-3 wks and then it comes back again and then eating spicy food again.Listening to classical music helps to.Oh well.....just have to suck it up.A. I've read that lipoflavinoids can help. Q. I need help with tinnitus. Does anyone know of anything that helps ringing ears.A. tinnitus is a symptom of a problem, the first thing you should do is to try to find out the underlying cause. what is the reason? been to a good party? high blood pressure? kidney function? taken any drugs or medication lately? new diet? allergy? you need to check that up. maybe an ear infection or just wax. but those are things that only a doc can check out.
get rid of the cause- get rid of the problem. More discussions about tinnitustinnitus
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