Vives, Juan Luis
Vives, Juan Luis
(hwän lo͞oēs` vē`vās), 1492–1540, Spanish humanist and philosopher; friend of Erasmus. At the invitation of King Henry VIII he went to England, where he lectured at Oxford and served as tutor to Princess Mary (later Queen Mary I). Opposed to the divorce of Henry and Katharine of Aragón, he left England and until his death lived in Bruges. Vives, a vigorous and adventurous thinker, opposed the authority of Aristotle and the conventions of scholasticism. He was the forerunner of Francis Bacon by his application of induction to philosophical and psychological inquiry and by his pragmatic testing of hypotheses. In De anima et vita (1538) Vives produced one of the first works on modern psychology. Another one of his books, De disciplinis (1531), is an important analysis of educational theory.Bibliography
See study by G. E. McCully (1967); R. P. Adams, The Better Part of Valor (1962).
Vives, Juan Luis
Born Mar. 6, 1492, in Valencia; died May 6, 1540, in Bruges. Spanish philosopher, humanist, and educator.
Vives, who was a professor at the universities of Louvain and Oxford, wrote approximately 60 works in Latin. He was a friend of Erasmus of Rotterdam and T. More. In opposing scholasticism and perceiving the basis of knowledge in direct observation and experimentation, Vives anticipated to a great extent the experimental method of F. Bacon. He opened new roads in psychology (Concerning the Soul and Life, 1538) and pedagogy. He considered most important not the question of whether there is a soul, but the question of what its manifestations are. He studied in detail the association of ideas and the nature of memory. Vives influenced J. Comenius as well as I. Loyola and his theory of Jesuit education. His ideas were further developed in the work of the Spanish materialist philosopher J. Huarte.
WORKS
Obras completas, vols. 1-2. Madrid, 1947-48.REFERENCES
Istoriiafilosofiia, vol. 1. Moscow, 1940. Pages 35-36.Lange, F. A. Istoriia materializma in kritika ego znacheniia v nastoiashchem, vol. 1. Kiev-Kharkov [1899-1900]. (Translated from German.)
Maranün, C. Luis Vives. Madrid, 1942.
Urmeneta, F. de. La doctrina psicolügica y pedagogic a de Luis Vives. Barcelona, 1949.
D. PRETEL’