pyogenic granuloma


granuloma

 [gran″u-lo´mah] (pl. granulomas, granulo´mata) an imprecise term applied to (1) any small nodular, delimited aggregation of mononuclear inflammatory cells, or (2) a similar collection of modified macrophages resembling epithelial cells, usually surrounded by a rim of lymphocytes, often with multinucleated giant cells. Some granulomas contain eosinophils and plasma cells, and fibrosis is commonly seen around the lesion. Granuloma formation represents a chronic inflammatory response initiated by various infectious and noninfectious agents.apical granuloma modified granulation tissue containing elements of chronic inflammation located adjacent to the root apex of a tooth with infected necrotic pulp.actinic granuloma an annular lesion seen on skin chronically exposed to the sun, with a raised border and a center that appears normal but is actually elastotic" >elastotic.benign granuloma of thyroid chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland, converting it into a bulky tumor that later becomes extremely hard.coccidioidal granuloma the secondary stage of coccidioidomycosis" >coccidioidomycosis.dental granuloma one usually surrounded by a fibrous sac continuous with the periodontal ligament and attached to the root apex of a tooth.eosinophilic granuloma 1. Langerhans cell histiocytosis.2. a disorder similar to eosinophilic gastroenteritis, characterized by localized nodular or pedunculated lesions of the submucosa and muscle walls, especially of the pyloric area of the stomach, caused by infiltration of eosinophils, but without peripheral eosinophilia and allergic symptoms.granuloma fissura´tum a firm, whitish, fissured, fibrotic granuloma of the gum and buccal mucosa, occurring on an edentulous alveolar ridge and between the ridge and the cheek.foreign-body granuloma a localized histiocytic reaction to a foreign body in the tissue.giant cell reparative granuloma, central a lesion of the jaws composed of a spindle cell stroma punctuated by multinucleate giant cells, considered by most to be a central lesion of the bone of the jaws, presenting an inflammatory reaction to injury or hemorrhage. Some, however, consider it to be a giant cell tumor occurring in both benign and malignant forms, and others consider it to be a form of osteogenic sarcoma, varying in degree of malignancy.granuloma inguina´le a granulomatous disease that is associated with uncleanliness and is caused by the microorganism Calymmatobacterium granulomatis (sometimes called a Donovan body). Called also granuloma venereum. Although granuloma inguinale is often considered to be a venereal disease, research does not support the hypothesis that it is transmitted by sexual contact. It is possible that natural resistance to the disease is high, so that only a few of the persons exposed are affected. About 10 days to 3 months may elapse after exposure until appearance of the first symptoms, usually small painless ulcers that bleed easily. Swelling in the groin may then follow. A new ulcer or ulcers may appear as the old one heals, so that granuloma inguinale may eventually cover the reproductive organs, buttocks, and lower abdomen, with extensive sores and a foul odor. As persons who have the disease seem to develop little immunity to it, granuloma inguinale can be present for many years.
Treatment of the disease may be with streptomycin. tetracyclines, or lincomycin. There is no known preventive for granuloma inguinale, although it is rare where sanitary living conditions prevail. The drainage from lesions may be infectious and handwashing and basic cleanliness are required. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends standard precautions.lipoid granuloma xanthoma.lipophagic granuloma a granuloma attended by the loss of subcutaneous fat.Majocchi's granuloma trichophytic granuloma.midline granuloma a rare disease of unknown etiology, characterized by granulomatous lesions of the nasal mucosa, sinuses, palate, and pharynx. Massive, progressive, erosive lesions that destroy the involved soft tissue, cartilage, and bone and sometimes extend to the brain are typical. Untreated cases are fatal (lethal midline granuloma).paracoccidioidal granuloma paracoccidioidomycosis.peripheral giant cell reparative granuloma giant cell epulis.pyogenic granuloma a benign, solitary nodule resembling granulation tissue, found anywhere on the body, commonly intraorally, usually at the site of trauma as a response of the tissues to a nonspecific infection.sarcoid granuloma the granuloma seen with sarcoidosis, consisting of multinucleated giant cells surrounded by macrophages and epithelioid cells derived from macrophages.swimming pool granuloma a chronic granulomatous bacterial infection caused by contamination of an abrasion sustained in a swimming pool by Mycobacterium marinum, which histologically and clinically resembles tuberculosis. It tends to heal spontaneously within a few months to 2 years.granuloma telangiecta´ticum a form characterized by numerous dilated blood vessels.trichophytic granuloma a form of tinea corporis" >tinea corporis seen mainly on the lower legs, due to infection of hairs by the fungus Trichophyton; characteristics include raised, circumscribed, boggy granulomas that are disseminated or arranged in chains. Lesions are slowly absorbed or undergo necrosis, leaving depressed scars. Called also Majocchi's granuloma.granuloma tro´picum yaws.granuloma vene´reum granuloma inguinale.

py·o·gen·ic gran·u·lo·ma

, granuloma pyogenicuman acquired small rounded mass of highly vascular granulation tissue, frequently with an ulcerated surface, projecting from the skin, especially of the face, or oral mucosa; histologically, the mass is a lobular capillary hemangioma. Synonym(s): lobular capillary hemangioma

pyogenic granuloma

Dermatology A raised, red, highly vascularized skin bump seen in children, often at the site of trauma on the hands and arms or face, which bleeds easily, rarely exceeding 1 cm in diameter.

py·o·gen·ic gran·u·lo·ma

, granuloma pyogenicum (pī'ō-jen'ik gran'yū-lō'mă, pī-ō-jen'i-kŭm) An acquired small, rounded mass of highly vascular granulation tissue, frequently with an ulcerated surface, projecting from the skin or mucosa; histologically, the mass resembles a capillary hemangioma.
Synonym(s): lobular capillary hemangioma.

granuloma

(gran?yu-lo'ma ) (gran?yu-lo'ma-ta) plural.granulomasplural.granulomata [ granulo- + -oma] An inflammatory response that results when macrophages are unable to destroy foreign substances that have entered or invaded body tissues. Large numbers of macrophages are drawn to the affected area over 7 to 10 days, surround the target, and enclose it. They in turn are surrounded by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, other immune cells, and fibroblasts. Granulomas are common in many conditions, including leprosy, tuberculosis, cat scratch disease, some fungal infections, and foreign body reactions, e.g., reactions to sutures. granulomatous (gran?yu-lo'ma-tus), adjective See: giant cell; tuberculosis; Wegener granulomatosisGRANULOMA ANNULARE

granuloma annulare

A circular rash with a raised red border, usually found on the hands, knuckles, or arms of young patients. The cause is unknown. The rash often lasts 1 or 2 years and then may disappear spontaneously. See: illustration

apical granuloma

Dental granuloma.

benign granuloma of the thyroid

A lymphadenoma of the thyroid.

coccidioidal granuloma

A chronic, generalized granuloma caused by the fungus Coccidioides immitis. See: coccidioidomycosis

dental granuloma

A granuloma developing at the tip of a tooth root, usually the result of pulpitis. It consists of a proliferating mass of chronic inflammatory tissue and possibly epithelial nests or colonies of bacteria. It may be encapsulated by fibrous tissue of the periodontal ligament. Synonym: apical granuloma; apical periodontitis

eosinophilic granuloma

A form of xanthomatosis accompanied by eosinophilia and the formation of cysts on bone.

granuloma fissuratum

A circumscribed, firm, fissured, fibrotic, benign tumor caused by chronic irritation. It may occur where hard objects such as dentures or the earpieces of glasses rub against the labioalveolar fold or the retroauricular fold. The tumor disappears when the irritating object is removed.

foreign body granuloma

Chronic inflammation around foreign bodies such as sutures, talc, splinters, or gravel. Synonym: foreign body reaction

granuloma fungoides

Mycosis fungoides.

infectious granuloma

Any infectious disease in which granulomas are formed, e.g., tuberculosis or syphilis. Granulomas are also formed in mycoses and protozoan infections.

granuloma inguinale

A granulomatous ulcerative disease in which the initial lesion commonly appears in the genital area as a painless nodule.

Etiology

This type of granuloma is caused by a short, gram-negative bacillus, Calymmatobacterium granulomatis, (“Donovan body”).

Treatment

Erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or tetracyclines are used in treating this disease. Single-dose therapy with intramuscular ceftriaxone or oral ciprofloxacin may be effective.

granuloma iridis

A granuloma that develops on the iris.

lipoid granuloma

A granuloma that contains fatty tissue or cholesterol.

lipophagic granuloma

A granuloma in which the macrophages have phagocytosed the surrounding fat cells.

Majocchi granuloma

Majocchi disease.

malignant granuloma

Hodgkin disease.

pyogenic granuloma

See: lobular capillary hemangioma

granuloma pyogenicum

See: lobular capillary hemangioma

pyrogenic granuloma

See: lobular capillary hemangioma

swimming pool granuloma

A chronic skin infection caused by Mycobacterium marinum.

granuloma telangiectaticum

A very vascular granuloma at any site, but esp. in the nasal mucosa or pharynx.

trichophytic granuloma

Majocchi disease.

py·o·gen·ic gran·u·lo·ma

, granuloma pyogenicum (pī'ō-jen'ik gran'yū-lō'mă, pī-ō-jen'i-kŭm) Acquired small rounded mass of highly vascular granulation tissue, frequently with an ulcerated surface, projecting from skin, especially facial, or oral mucosa.