diachronic study


lon·gi·tu·di·nal stud·y

a study of the natural course of life or disorder in which a cohort of subjects is serially observed over a period of time and no assumptions need be made about the stability of the system. Synonym(s): diachronic study

longitudinal study

An epidemiologic study that follows a population forward over time, evaluating the effects of one or more variables on a process. If individuals are followed, it is termed a longitudinal cohort study. If classes—e.g., age classes—are studied, it is a longitudinal cross-sectional study. Longitudinal studies are the converse of horizontal studies.
 
Examples
Cohort studies; case-control studies; Framingham Study in Massachusetts, US; Port Pirie study, an ongoing analysis of the long-term effects of blood lead levels on IQ.

di·a·chron·ic study

(dī-ă-kron'ik stŭd'ē) A study of the natural course of a life or disorder in which a cohort of subjects is serially observed over a period of time and no assumptions need be made about the stability of the system.