ecotype

e·co·type

E0032700 (ē′kə-tīp′, ĕk′ə-)n. A genetically distinct population of plants, animals, or other organisms that is found in a particular habitat.

e′co·typ′ic (-tĭp′ĭk) adj.

ecotype

(ˈiːkəˌtaɪp; ˈɛkə-) n (Biology) ecology a group of organisms within a species that is adapted to particular environmental conditions and therefore exhibits behavioural, structural, or physiological differences from other members of the species ecotypic adj ˌecoˈtypically adv

ec•o•type

(ˈɛk əˌtaɪp, ˈi kə-)

n. a subspecies or race that is esp. adapted to a particular set of environmental conditions. [1920–25] ec`o•typ′ic (-ˈtɪp ɪk) adj. ec`o•typ′i•cal•ly, adv.

ecotype

a type or subspecies of life that is especially well adapted to a certain environment. — ecotypic, adj.See also: Environment

Translations

Ecotype

ecotype

[′ek·ə‚tīp] (ecology) A subunit, race, or variety of a plant ecospecies that is restricted to one habitat; equivalent to a taxonomic subspecies.

Ecotype

a group of similar populations within one and the same plant species that are adapted to certain climatic, edaphic, or cenotic conditions and that have developed, under these conditions, hereditary morphological, physiological, biochemical, and other features. Thus, an ecotype is isolated with respect to distribution; genotypically it is an intraspecific subdivision, which distinguishes it from a biotype.

The term “ecotype” was introduced in the 1920’s by the Swedish scientist G. Turesson. Different plants have different numbers of ecotypes. The ecotypic composition of a species becomes more varied as its geographic range and ecological amplitude increase. For example, 36 ecotypes have been distinguished in the pine Pinus silvestris and 27 in the spruce Picea abies. Ecotypic polymorphism is most clearly manifested at the center of speciation and morphogenesis. In the medic Medicago falcata, for example, there are many ecotypes in the Caucasus and only a few in the northern USSR. Parallel ecotypic differentiation is observed in many species. Thus, the wormwood Artemisia campestris, sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), and Silene uniflora, which grow in bright, dry habitats where there are strong winds, develop eco-types with procumbent stems.

Three main groups of ecotypes are distinguished: climatic, edaphic, and biotypic. Climatic, or geographic, ecotypes occupy a separate part of the area of distribution of a species and originated under the influence of specific climatic conditions; for example, in the awnless brome (Bromus inermis), the southern eco-type differs from the northern one by its nanism, narrow rough leaves, and wax coating. Edaphic ecotypes develop under the influence of soil and ground conditions, such as the pine ecotype on the chalky outcrops of the Don River, which has even been described as the independent species Pinus cretácea. Biotypic, or cenotic, ecotypes appear and develop mainly under the influence of plants together with which the given species form plant communities, for example, the field and forest ecotypes of the cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) and the forest and dune ecotypes of the narrow-leaved hawkweed (Hieracium umbellatum).

The development of an ecotype is a lengthy process. If an ecotype has progressive characteristics, which permit it to extend the range of the species, it may give rise to a new species, and consequently an ecotype is one of the stages in the process of specia-tion.

REFERENCES

Sinskaia, E. N. Dinamika vida. Moscow-Leningrad, 1948.
Zavadskii, K. M. Uchenie o vide. Leningrad, 1961.
Korchagin, A. A. “Vnutrividovoi (populiatsionnyi) sostav rastitel’nykh soobshchestv i metody ego izucheniia.” In the book Polevaia geobotanika, vol. 3. Moscow-Leningrad, 1964.

KH. KH. TRASS

单词	ecotype
释义	ecotype e·co·type E0032700 (ē′kə-tīp′, ĕk′ə-)n. A genetically distinct population of plants, animals, or other organisms that is found in a particular habitat. e′co·typ′ic (-tĭp′ĭk) adj. ecotype (ˈiːkəˌtaɪp; ˈɛkə-) n (Biology) ecology a group of organisms within a species that is adapted to particular environmental conditions and therefore exhibits behavioural, structural, or physiological differences from other members of the species ecotypic adj ˌecoˈtypically adv ec•o•type (ˈɛk əˌtaɪp, ˈi kə-) n. a subspecies or race that is esp. adapted to a particular set of environmental conditions. [1920–25] ec`o•typ′ic (-ˈtɪp ɪk) adj. ec`o•typ′i•cal•ly, adv. ecotype a type or subspecies of life that is especially well adapted to a certain environment. — ecotypic, adj.See also: Environment Translations Ecotype ecotype [′ek·ə‚tīp] (ecology) A subunit, race, or variety of a plant ecospecies that is restricted to one habitat; equivalent to a taxonomic subspecies. Ecotype a group of similar populations within one and the same plant species that are adapted to certain climatic, edaphic, or cenotic conditions and that have developed, under these conditions, hereditary morphological, physiological, biochemical, and other features. Thus, an ecotype is isolated with respect to distribution; genotypically it is an intraspecific subdivision, which distinguishes it from a biotype. The term “ecotype” was introduced in the 1920’s by the Swedish scientist G. Turesson. Different plants have different numbers of ecotypes. The ecotypic composition of a species becomes more varied as its geographic range and ecological amplitude increase. For example, 36 ecotypes have been distinguished in the pine Pinus silvestris and 27 in the spruce Picea abies. Ecotypic polymorphism is most clearly manifested at the center of speciation and morphogenesis. In the medic Medicago falcata, for example, there are many ecotypes in the Caucasus and only a few in the northern USSR. Parallel ecotypic differentiation is observed in many species. Thus, the wormwood Artemisia campestris, sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), and Silene uniflora, which grow in bright, dry habitats where there are strong winds, develop eco-types with procumbent stems. Three main groups of ecotypes are distinguished: climatic, edaphic, and biotypic. Climatic, or geographic, ecotypes occupy a separate part of the area of distribution of a species and originated under the influence of specific climatic conditions; for example, in the awnless brome (Bromus inermis), the southern eco-type differs from the northern one by its nanism, narrow rough leaves, and wax coating. Edaphic ecotypes develop under the influence of soil and ground conditions, such as the pine ecotype on the chalky outcrops of the Don River, which has even been described as the independent species Pinus cretácea. Biotypic, or cenotic, ecotypes appear and develop mainly under the influence of plants together with which the given species form plant communities, for example, the field and forest ecotypes of the cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) and the forest and dune ecotypes of the narrow-leaved hawkweed (Hieracium umbellatum). The development of an ecotype is a lengthy process. If an ecotype has progressive characteristics, which permit it to extend the range of the species, it may give rise to a new species, and consequently an ecotype is one of the stages in the process of specia-tion. REFERENCES Sinskaia, E. N. Dinamika vida. Moscow-Leningrad, 1948. Zavadskii, K. M. Uchenie o vide. Leningrad, 1961. Korchagin, A. A. “Vnutrividovoi (populiatsionnyi) sostav rastitel’nykh soobshchestv i metody ego izucheniia.” In the book Polevaia geobotanika, vol. 3. Moscow-Leningrad, 1964. KH. KH. TRASS ecotype ecotype (ē′kə-tīp′, ĕk′ə-)n. A genetically distinct population of plants, animals, or other organisms that is found in a particular habitat. e′co·typ′ic (-tĭp′ĭk) adj. ecotype the product arising as a result of the response of the GENOTYPE of an organism to the particular habitat in which it lives, for example, Plantago maritima has a height of about 17.5 cm in waterlogged mud and 56 cm in fertile meadow. See also PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY.
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