dinoprostone

[di″no-prōst´ōn] name given to prostaglandin E₂ when used pharmaceutically; used as an oxytocic for induction of abortion or of labor, to evacuate the uterus in the management of missed abortion, to aid ripening of the cervix prior to the induction of labor, and in the treatment of mole" >hydatidiform mole; administered intravaginally or intracervically.

dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2, PGE2)

Cervidil Vaginal Insert, Prepidil Endocervical Gel, Propress (UK), Prostin E2 Vaginal Suppository

Pharmacologic class: Oxytocic, prostaglandin

Therapeutic class: Abortifacient, cervical ripening agent

Pregnancy risk category C

FDA Box Warning

• Dinoprostone vaginal suppository should be given only by trained personnel who adhere strictly to recommended dosages, in hospital that can provide immediate intensive care and acute surgical facilities.

Action

Initiates strong contractions of uterine smooth muscle by stimulating myometrium and promoting cervical softening, effacement, and dilation

Availability

Endocervical gel: 0.5 mg in 3-g gel vehicle in prefilled syringe with catheter

Vaginal insert: 10 mg

Vaginal suppositories: 20 mg

Indications and dosages

➣ Cervical ripening

Adults: 0.5 mg endocervical gel vaginally; if response is poor, may repeat in 6 hours (not to exceed 1.5 mg in 24 hours). Or one 10-mg vaginal insert.

➣ To induce abortion

Adults: One 20-mg vaginal suppository; repeat q 3 to 5 hours (not to exceed total dosage of 240 mg or duration of 48 hours).

➣ Nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease (benign hydatidiform mole)

Adults: Insert one 20-mg suppository high into vagina; may repeat at 3- to 5-hour intervals for up to 2 days if necessary.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to prostaglandins or additives in gel or suppository

• When vaginal delivery isn't indicated, such as with vasa previa or active genital herpes infection (Prepidil)

• Acute pelvic inflammatory disease

• Ruptured membranes, placenta previa, marked cephalopelvic disproportion, or unexplained vaginal bleeding during pregnancy

• When oxytocics are contraindicated or when prolonged contraction of uterus may be detrimental to fetal safety or uterine integrity, such as with previous cesarean section or major uterine surgery

• Concurrent use of I.V. oxytocics (Cervidil)

• Clinical suspicion or definite evidence of fetal distress when delivery isn't imminent (Cervidil, Prepidil)

• History of difficult labor or traumatic delivery, hyperactive or hypertonic uterine patterns (Prepidil)

• Obstetric emergencies in which benefit-to-risk ratio for either fetus or mother favors surgical intervention (Prepidil)

• Active cardiac, pulmonary, renal, or hepatic disease (Prostin E2 Vaginal Suppository)

• Multipara with six or more previous term pregnancies (Cervidil)

• Grand multipara with six or more previous term pregnancies with non-vertex presentation (Prepidil)

Precautions

Use cautiously in:

• history of pulmonary, cardiac, renal, or hepatic disease; asthma; jaundice, anemia; cervicitis; infected endocervical lesions; acute vaginitis; compromised (scarred) uterus; hypertension; hypotension; adrenal disorders; diabetes mellitus; epilepsy; glaucoma

• women age 30 or older, those with complications during pregnancy, and those with gestational age of more than 40 weeks are at increased risk of post-partum disseminated intravascular coagulation

• concurrent use of other oxytocics (not recommended).

Administration

• Keep patient supine for 15 to 30 minutes after gel administration and for 10 minutes after administering suppository to prevent drug expulsion.

• Store suppositories in freezer; bring to room temperature before using.

Adverse reactions

CNS: headache, drowsiness, syncope

CV: hypotension, hypertension

GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

GU: urinary tract infection, vaginal or uterine pain, uterine contractile abnormalities, warm vaginal sensation, uterine hypertonicity, uterine rupture

Musculoskeletal: back pain

Respiratory: cough, dyspnea, wheezing

Other: allergic reactions including chills, fever, and anaphylaxis

Interactions

Drug-drug. Other oxytocics: increased oxytocic effects

Patient monitoring

See Monitor uterine contractions and observe for excessive vaginal bleeding and cramping. Record sanitary pad count.

• Monitor vital signs and assess for drug-induced fever. Report significant blood pressure and pulse changes.

• Assess for wheezing, chest pain, and dyspnea.

• Evaluate for GI upset. To minimize, give antiemetic before dinoprostone therapy.

Patient teaching

• Advise patient to stay in supine position, as prescribed, after administration.

• Instruct patient to report fever, bleeding, or abdominal cramps.

• Tell patient to avoid douches, tampons, tub baths, and sexual intercourse for at least 2 weeks after receiving drug.

• As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs mentioned above.

dinoprostone

A PROSTAGLANDIN drug used by injection into the uterus to induce labour. Brand names are Prepidil, Propess-RS and Prostin E2.

单词	dinoprostone
释义	dinoprostone dinoprostone [di″no-prōst´ōn] name given to prostaglandin E₂ when used pharmaceutically; used as an oxytocic for induction of abortion or of labor, to evacuate the uterus in the management of missed abortion, to aid ripening of the cervix prior to the induction of labor, and in the treatment of mole" >hydatidiform mole; administered intravaginally or intracervically. dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2, PGE2) Cervidil Vaginal Insert, Prepidil Endocervical Gel, Propress (UK), Prostin E2 Vaginal Suppository *Pharmacologic class:* Oxytocic, prostaglandin *Therapeutic class:* Abortifacient, cervical ripening agent *Pregnancy risk category C* FDA Box Warning • Dinoprostone vaginal suppository should be given only by trained personnel who adhere strictly to recommended dosages, in hospital that can provide immediate intensive care and acute surgical facilities. Action Initiates strong contractions of uterine smooth muscle by stimulating myometrium and promoting cervical softening, effacement, and dilation Availability Endocervical gel: 0.5 mg in 3-g gel vehicle in prefilled syringe with catheter Vaginal insert: 10 mg Vaginal suppositories: 20 mg Indications and dosages ➣ Cervical ripening Adults: 0.5 mg endocervical gel vaginally; if response is poor, may repeat in 6 hours (not to exceed 1.5 mg in 24 hours). Or one 10-mg vaginal insert. ➣ To induce abortion Adults: One 20-mg vaginal suppository; repeat q 3 to 5 hours (not to exceed total dosage of 240 mg or duration of 48 hours). ➣ Nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease (benign hydatidiform mole) Adults: Insert one 20-mg suppository high into vagina; may repeat at 3- to 5-hour intervals for up to 2 days if necessary. Contraindications • Hypersensitivity to prostaglandins or additives in gel or suppository • When vaginal delivery isn't indicated, such as with vasa previa or active genital herpes infection (Prepidil) • Acute pelvic inflammatory disease • Ruptured membranes, placenta previa, marked cephalopelvic disproportion, or unexplained vaginal bleeding during pregnancy • When oxytocics are contraindicated or when prolonged contraction of uterus may be detrimental to fetal safety or uterine integrity, such as with previous cesarean section or major uterine surgery • Concurrent use of I.V. oxytocics (Cervidil) • Clinical suspicion or definite evidence of fetal distress when delivery isn't imminent (Cervidil, Prepidil) • History of difficult labor or traumatic delivery, hyperactive or hypertonic uterine patterns (Prepidil) • Obstetric emergencies in which benefit-to-risk ratio for either fetus or mother favors surgical intervention (Prepidil) • Active cardiac, pulmonary, renal, or hepatic disease (Prostin E2 Vaginal Suppository) • Multipara with six or more previous term pregnancies (Cervidil) • Grand multipara with six or more previous term pregnancies with non-vertex presentation (Prepidil) Precautions Use cautiously in: • history of pulmonary, cardiac, renal, or hepatic disease; asthma; jaundice, anemia; cervicitis; infected endocervical lesions; acute vaginitis; compromised (scarred) uterus; hypertension; hypotension; adrenal disorders; diabetes mellitus; epilepsy; glaucoma • women age 30 or older, those with complications during pregnancy, and those with gestational age of more than 40 weeks are at increased risk of post-partum disseminated intravascular coagulation • concurrent use of other oxytocics (not recommended). Administration • Keep patient supine for 15 to 30 minutes after gel administration and for 10 minutes after administering suppository to prevent drug expulsion. • Store suppositories in freezer; bring to room temperature before using. Adverse reactions CNS: headache, drowsiness, syncope CV: hypotension, hypertension GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea GU: urinary tract infection, vaginal or uterine pain, uterine contractile abnormalities, warm vaginal sensation, uterine hypertonicity, uterine rupture Musculoskeletal: back pain Respiratory: cough, dyspnea, wheezing Other: allergic reactions including chills, fever, and anaphylaxis Interactions Drug-drug. Other oxytocics: increased oxytocic effects Patient monitoring See Monitor uterine contractions and observe for excessive vaginal bleeding and cramping. Record sanitary pad count. • Monitor vital signs and assess for drug-induced fever. Report significant blood pressure and pulse changes. • Assess for wheezing, chest pain, and dyspnea. • Evaluate for GI upset. To minimize, give antiemetic before dinoprostone therapy. Patient teaching • Advise patient to stay in supine position, as prescribed, after administration. • Instruct patient to report fever, bleeding, or abdominal cramps. • Tell patient to avoid douches, tampons, tub baths, and sexual intercourse for at least 2 weeks after receiving drug. • As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs mentioned above. dinoprostone A PROSTAGLANDIN drug used by injection into the uterus to induce labour. Brand names are Prepidil, Propess-RS and Prostin E2.
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