forming nouns from nouns, with the meaning: female
actress
lioness
[Middle English -esse via Old French from late Latin -issa, from Greek]
As part of the movement to eliminate sexism from language and from people's thinkingWith a few exceptions, the use of the feminizing suffix -ess (and similar suffixes such as -ette and -trix) has, since the late 20th cent., come to be seen as inappropriate, and patronizing, or sexist in modern English. The ‘male’ term is treated as a neutral term with no sexual reference. A woman author should therefore be referred to as an author, not an authoress, a woman editor as an editor, not an editress or editrix, etc. However a few forms are retained. Female titles of nobility such as countess or baroness are still correct. Manageress is acceptable when referring to a woman who runs a shop, but not when referring to a woman company executive. A priestess is a woman priest of a pre-Christian religion, not an ordained Christian minister