| 释义 |
noun | verb bruisebruise1 /bruz/ ●●○ noun [countable] THESAURUS a wound or damage to part of your body caused by an accident or attack► injury a wound or damage to part of your body caused by an accident or attack: Smith has missed several games because of injury. She was treated in the hospital for minor injuries (=ones that are not serious). ► wound an injury, especially a deep cut made in your skin by a knife or bullet: He needed emergency treatment for a gunshot wound. ► cut a small wound you get if a sharp object cuts your skin: She has a cut on her finger from when she was chopping carrots. ► scratch a small cut on someone’s skin that is not deep: His legs were covered in scratches and bruises. ► scrape/abrasion a lot of small cuts on one area of someone’s skin, caused for example by falling down. Abrasion is mostly used in medical language: The girl had scrapes on both knees. ► laceration formal a bad cut or tear on the skin. Used especially in medical language: She suffered facial lacerations in the attack. ► bruise/contusion a black or blue mark on your skin that you get when you fall or get hit. Contusion is mostly used in medical language: There was a dark bruise on her cheek. ► sore/lesion a wound or cut on your skin that is painful and infected. Lesion is mostly used in medical language: The sore on his hand was slow to heal. ► sprain an injury to a joint in your body, caused by suddenly twisting it: He hurt himself during the game, but it’s just a slight sprain. ► bump/swelling an area of skin that is swollen because you have hit it on something. Swelling is more formal than bump: She has a bump on her forehead from when she banged it on the cupboard door. ► fracture a crack or broken part in a bone: X-rays showed a small fracture. ► break a place where a bone has broken: The doctor used a model of the arm bone to show me where the break is. colored area► mark a small area of darker or lighter color on a plain surface such as a person’s skin or an animal’s fur: The kitten is mainly white with black marks on her back. ► bruise a purple or brown mark on your skin that you get because you have fallen or been hit: How did you get that bruise on your arm? ► freckle one of several small light brown marks on someone’s skin: A little red-headed boy with freckles was running around. ► mole a small usually brown mark on the skin that is often slightly higher than the skin around it: Jim has several moles on his back. ► scar a permanent mark on your skin, caused by a cut or by something that burns you: He still had a scar where he had been cut. ► pimple a small raised red mark or lump on your skin that teenagers often have: She had a big red pimple on her nose. ► wart a small hard raised mark on your skin caused by a virus (=a living thing that causes an infectious illness): The doctor froze a wart off my finger. ► blister a small area of skin that is swollen and full of liquid because it has been rubbed or burned: The sunburn was so bad that she had blisters on her shoulders. ► blemish formal a mark on your skin that spoils its appearance: She used makeup to hide the blemishes on her face. 1medicine a purple or brown mark on your skin that you get because you have fallen, been hit, etc.: a few cuts and bruises► see thesaurus at injury, mark22a mark on a piece of fruit that spoils its appearance noun | verb bruisebruise2 ●○○ verb [intransitive, transitive] ETYMOLOGYbruise2Origin: Old English brysan to press so as to break, bruise, later influenced by Old French brisier, bruisier to break VERB TABLEbruise |
| Present | I, you, we, they | bruise | | he, she, it | bruises | | Past | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | bruised | | Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have bruised | | he, she, it | has bruised | | Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had bruised | | Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will bruise | | Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have bruised |
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| Present | I | am bruising | | he, she, it | is bruising | | you, we, they | are bruising | | Past | I, he, she, it | was bruising | | you, we, they | were bruising | | Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have been bruising | | he, she, it | has been bruising | | Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had been bruising | | Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will be bruising | | Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have been bruising |
► bruise somebody’s pride/ego Not getting the promotion really bruised his ego. THESAURUSinjure somebody► hurt to damage your body or someone else’s body: Was anyone hurt in the accident? Be careful, you could hurt someone with that knife. ► harm harm means the same as hurt but sounds more formal: No animals were harmed in the making of this film. ► injure to hurt severely, especially in an accident: Three people were seriously injured in the crash. ► wound to hurt someone using a weapon such as a gun or knife: The gunman killed two people and wounded six others. ► maim formal to injure someone very seriously and often permanently: People are killed or maimed every day in the war. ► bruise to hit part of your body against something hard so that you get a dark spot on your skin: How did you bruise your hand like that? ► sprain/twist to damage a joint in your body by suddenly twisting it: I sprained my ankle, so I don’t want to put any weight on it. ► strain/pull to injure one of your muscles by stretching it or using it too much: He pulled his calf muscle while he was running. ► break to damage a bone in your body: Dora broke her leg skiing. ► dislocate to move a bone out of its normal position in a joint: The force of the fall dislocated his shoulder. 1medicine if part of your body bruises, or if you bruise it, a bruise appears because it has been hit: Payton bruised his hip ten minutes into the game.► see thesaurus at hurt12if a piece of fruit bruises, or if it is bruised, a bruise appears because it has been hit or dropped3if an experience bruises someone, he or she feels upset, unhappy, and less confident after it happens: bruise somebody’s pride/ego Not getting the promotion really bruised his ego. [Origin: Old English brysan to press so as to break, bruise, later influenced by Old French brisier, bruisier to break]—bruised adjective |