| 单词 | fluctuation |
| 释义 | fluctuation (once / 2397 pages) n The noun fluctuation refers to the deviations along the path from one point to another. We see frequent fluctuations in the stock market, as prices go up or down, and also in the weather, which is always changing. The original form of the word fluctuation appeared as a mid-15th-century French word derived from the Latin fluctuationem, meaning "vacillation." The verb stem fluctuāre meant "to undulate," referring to waves, giving rise to the idea of change and movement that is at the heart of the word. It might help to remember that fluctuation has the same root as the word fluent, and to think of it as something flowing, with frequent change along the way. WORD FAMILYfluctuation: fluctuations+/fluctuate: fluctuated, fluctuates, fluctuating, fluctuation/fluctuating: fluctuatingly, unfluctuating USAGE EXAMPLESAs the Iraqi soldiers dug in, they were vulnerable to the fluctuations of the Tigris. The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016) This year, there were wide fluctuations in the price of some products, based on the data that PNC gathered from retailers, hatcheries and dance companies. New York Times(Dec 22, 2016) A poor harvest in southern Europe, alongside currency fluctuations, means a predicted price rise in olive oil next year. BBC(Dec 22, 2016) 1n an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change Syn|Hypo|Hyper variation vicissitude a variation in circumstances or fortune at different times in your life or in the development of something allomerism(chemistry) variability in chemical composition without variation in crystalline form departure, deviation, difference, divergencea variation that deviates from the standard or norm permutation, replacement, substitution, switch, transpositionan event in which one thing is substituted for another business cycle, trade cyclerecurring fluctuations in economic activity consisting of recession and recovery and growth and decline daily variationfluctuations that occur between one day and the next diurnal variationfluctuations that occur during each day tidesomething that may increase or decrease (like the tides of the sea) discrepancy, variance, variantan event that departs from expectations driftagethe deviation (by a vessel or aircraft) from its intended course due to drifting flection, flexion, inflectiondeviation from a straight or normal course alteration, change, modification an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another 2n the quality of being unsteady and subject to changes he kept a record of price fluctuations Syn|Hypo|Hyper wavering scintillation the twinkling of the stars caused when changes in the density of the earth's atmosphere produce uneven refraction of starlight irregularity, unregularity not characterized by a fixed principle or rate; at irregular intervals 3n a wave motion the fluctuations of the sea Hyper undulation, wave (physics) a movement up and down or back and forth |
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