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单词 servile
释义 ser·vile
I. \ˈsər]vəl, ˈsə̄], ˈsəi], ]ˌvīl, ](ˌ)vil\ adjective
Etymology: Middle English, from Latin servilis, from servus slave, servant + -ilis -ile — more at serve
1.
 a. : of, relating to, or appropriate to slaves
  < the stigmata … of his servile antecedents — Oscar Handlin >
 b. : befitting a slave or servant : unsuitable for a free man
  < the machine increased the servitude of servile personalities — Lewis Mumford >
 c. : held in servitude : subject to a master or owner
  < manors … within which both independent farmers and servile tenants lived — R.B.Morris >
 d. : held by or relating to base services or a base as opposed to a free tenure of land under feudal law
2. Roman Catholicism : of, relating to, or constituting physical or manual as distinguished from mental labor
 < the first day shall be most solemn unto you, and holy: you shall do no servile work therein — Lev 23:7 (Douay Version) >
3. : subject to despotic or tyrannical rule : politically oppressed or subjugated
 < doomed … to be destroyed or reduced to a servile station — Sir Winston Churchill >
4.
 a. : behaving like a slave : lacking spirit or independence : abject, submissive
  < the servile attitude which he always maintained towards authority in intellectual and religious matters — R.A.Hall b.1911 >
  < leaves a servile old man in the clutches of his daughter — Times Literary Supplement >
  < too servile to the authority of older dictionaries — Louise Pound >
 b. : lacking moral worth or dignity : ignoble
  < servile fear >
 c. : controlled, subject, subordinate — used with to
5. : slavishly imitative of a model especially in literature or art : lacking independence or originality
 < could draw inspiration from the past without stooping to servile imitation — American Guide Series: New York >
6. : of, relating to, or engaged in the work of a servant or menial
 < if it is used by a servile class it is avoided by the educated — A.N.Whitehead >
7.
 a. : of or relating to a derivational, inflectional, or relational element of speech : not belonging to the root
  < servile sounds or letters >
  < s in English sits, man's, dogs is servile >
 b. : not itself sounded but serving to indicate a long preceding vowel
  < the e in stone is servile >
 c. : subject to assimilation
8. : constituting a means rather than an end : instrumental
 < in philosophy itself investigation and reasoning are only preparatory and servile parts, means to an end — George Santayana >
Synonyms: see subservient
II. noun
(-s)
1. : a servile person
2. : a servile linguistic element or particle
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更新时间:2024/12/23 23:04:10