| 释义 |
lay
I. \ˈlā\ verb
(laid \ˈlād\ ; laid ; laying ; lays)
Etymology: Middle English leyen, leggen, from Old English lecgan; akin to Old High German leggen to lay, Old Norse leggja, Gothic lagjan; causative from the root of Old English licgan to lie — more at lie
transitive verb
1. : to bring down with force : beat down : strike prostrate
< a blow from a swinging club laid him in the dust >
< wheat laid flat by the wind and rain >
2.
a. : to put or set down : place so as to lie flat : place carefully or gently
< laid a comforting hand on his shoulder >
< laid her hat on the table >
b. : to place (as in bed) for rest or sleep; especially : bury
c. : to copulate with — not often in formal use
d. : to cause (as land) to disappear below the horizon or to seem lower and lower by moving away — opposed to raise
3.
a. : to produce and deposit (an egg)
b. : to set (as a mine) in the ground or in water
c. : to drop (a bomb) or spread (a smoke screen) from an airplane
4. obsolete : to put down (as in writing, in rhyme, in Latin) : couch
5. : to cause to be still : calm, allay
< manufacture an oil especially to lay waves — H.A.Calahan >
< lay the dust >
< chased the clouds … and laid the winds — John Milton >
especially : to cause (a ghost or spirit) to return to the grave or lower world
6.
a. : to deposit as a wager : bet; also : to bet on
< lay the favorite >
b. obsolete : pledge, mortgage
7. dialect England : to assist in childbirth : deliver
8. : to press down smooth and even
< brushing to lay the nap >
< warp slashing lays the surface fibers of the yarn, making it more compact, smoother, and stronger — Encyc. of Chem. Technol. >
9. : layer
10.
a. obsolete : to impose a tax on : assess
b. obsolete : to deal a blow to
11.
a. obsolete : to set a watch or ambush on (a place)
b. obsolete : to quarter (as soldiers) upon
12.
a. : to dispose over or along a surface
< lay a pavement >
< lay an ocean cable >
or a prepared position
< lay a railroad track >
< lay a sewer >
< lay pipe to a spring >
b. : to spread on a surface
< lay plaster >
< lay paint >
c. : to place (as brick, stone, or tile) in a wall or a pier
d. : to put (strands) in place and twist to form a rope, hawser, or cable; also : to make (as a rope, cable, cordage, yarn) by so doing — often used with up
13. : to set in order for a meal
< lay the table >
< places were laid for three people >
14.
a. : impose — sometimes used with down
b. : to place (new type) in a case — compare distribute
15.
a. : to impose as a duty, burden, or punishment
< lay a tax on land >
< his father laid an injunction upon him never to reveal the secret >
b. : inflict
< lay blows >
c. : to put or cast as a burden of reproach
< found someone to lay the blame on >
d. : to advance as an accusation : charge, impute
< the disaster was laid to faulty inspection >
< guilt for the murder was laid at his door despite strenuous denials >
16. : to place (something immaterial) on something
< lays stress on correct grammar >
< laid special stress on cleanliness >
17. : to prepare the outlines or details of : contrive
< when they … slay for passion's sake, they lay no elaborate schemes — Dorothy Sayers >
< deep-laid plot >
< must somehow form part of the pattern, or lay the design of the book — F.A.Swinnerton >
18. : to put in place : put to : apply
< laid the watch to his ear >
< lay siege to a town >
as
a. : to put in position for action or operation
< lay a fire in the fireplace >
< lay glass for grinding >
< dogs were laid on the scent >
< the ship was laid alongside the pier >
< thought it all out before laying pen to paper >
b. : to adjust (a fieldpiece or machine gun) with the proper direction and elevation to obtain the desired trajectory
19. : annex, appropriate
< woe unto them that … lay field to field — Isa 5:8 (Authorized Version) >
20. : to cause to lie in a (specified) condition
< so mad I'd like to lay his head open with a liquor bottle — Earl Hamner >
< lay waste the land >
< employees … whose behavior lays them open to blackmail — Elmer Davis >
< seem to have laid the writers under certain inhibitions — V.L.Parrington >
21.
a. : to present for consideration : put forward : assert, state, allege
< lay claim to an estate >
< laid an information against the Kitchen Committee … for selling liquor without a license — A.P.Herbert >
b. : to submit for examination and judgment
< laid his case before the commission >
22. : to place fictitiously
< scene is laid in wartime London >
23. : to line up : assemble
< lay aft on the quarterdeck all the liberty party >
intransitive verb
1. : to produce and deposit eggs
2. nonstand : lie I
3.
a. : wager, bet
b. : to assert strongly : predict, declare
4. dialect : to await an opportunity : plan, prepare, scheme
< laying for a chance to escape >
5.
a. : to apply oneself vigorously
< laid to his oars >
b. nautical : go, come; especially : to place oneself in a specified position
< lay aloft >
< lay forward >
6. chiefly Midland, of the wind : to decrease in force : subside
Synonyms: see set
•
- lay aboard
- lay a course
- lay a finger on
- lay an egg
- lay at
- lay bare
- lay by the heels
- lay eyes on
- lay for
- lay hands on
- lay hold of
- lay into
- lay it on
- lay one's account
- lay oneself out
- lay one's finger on
- lay on the line
- lay on the table
- lay on the wood
- lay wait
II. noun
(-s)
1. : something that lies or is laid or as if laid: as
a. : layer, stratum
b. obsolete : wager
c. obsolete : chance, hazard
d. dialect England : tax; especially : a pecuniary tax levied by local authority
2. : a place to lie or lodge : covert, lair
3.
a. : line of action : plan, tack
b. : line of business or work : occupation
4.
a. : terms of sale or employment : price
< he sold his farm at a good lay >
b. : a share of the profit of a venture (as on a whaling or fishing vessel) paid wholly or partly in lieu of wages
c. : employment on shares
5.
a. : a strip or layer of leather or felt laid upon or beneath another in a harness or saddle
b. : a layer or thickness of cloth; especially : a layered pile of cloth on which patterns are laid out by cutters in the garment trade
6.
a. : the amount of advance of any point in a rope strand for one complete turn
b. : the nature of a fiber rope as determined by the amount of twist put into the rope, the angle of the strands in the rope, and the angle of the threads in the strands — see hard lay, long lay, medium lay, ordinary lay, soft lay
c. : the direction in which the components of a rope or cable are laid
7. : the way in which a thing lies or is laid in relation to something else : position or arrangement of parts: as
a. : topographical features and situation
< the houses … took form from the lay of the land to which they were fastened — Isa Glenn >
b. : the manner in which parts of garment patterns are laid out on the cloth for cutting
c. : the direction of tool or abrasive marks on a machined surface
8.
a. : the position of a sheet to be printed relative to the printing surface
b. : the plan or scheme of arrangement of the type in a case or of the keyboard of a typesetting machine
c. : the arrangement of imposed pages on the stone or of printed pages in the signature; also : a plan showing such arrangement — called also laydown
d. : a guide or gage to which a sheet is laid when being fed into a printing press
9. : the plowshare of a moldboard plow
10.
a. : the state of one that lays eggs : the capacity to lay eggs
< a hen just coming into lay >
< in full lay >
b. : the act of laying an egg
< time of lay >
11. : a partner in sexual intercourse — usually considered vulgar
III.
past of lie
IV. noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English, from Old French lai, perhaps of Scandinavian origin; akin to Old Norse lag tune, meter, layer, due place, order — more at law
1. : a simple narrative poem : ballad
2. : melody : a melody fragment : song
< birds chanting their cheerful lays >
V. adjective
Etymology: Middle English, from Old French lai, from Late Latin lacius, from Greek laikos of the people, from laos people + -ikos -ic
1. : belonging or relating to those not in holy orders : not of the clergy : not clerical : not ecclesiastical
< politics and commerce had gradually become dominant with crusaders, and the conduct of the enterprises became more completely lay — H.O.Taylor >
< the Vatican not interested in supporting either the lay republicanism of France — Times Literary Supplement >
2. : of or relating to members of a religious house that are occupied chiefly with domestic or manual work — distinguished from choir
< lay brothers >
< lay sisters >
3. : not of or from a particular profession : not having special training or knowledge : unprofessional : common, ordinary
< lay public >
< lay citizen >
< like so many other lay writers with little actual building experience — S.H.Van Gelder >
< lay opinion >
< lay vocabulary >
Synonyms: see profane
VI.
dialect Britain
variant of lea I
VII. noun
(-s)
Etymology: alteration of lathe (IV)
1. : a section of a loom that oscillates and carries the reed, shuttle boxes, and batten during the process of beating up; specifically : the batten of a loom that beats up the newly laid filling
2. Scotland : lathe IV 1 |