bac·te·ri·ol·o·gy \(ˌ)bakˌtirēˈäləjē, -tēr, -ji\noun (-es) Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary bacteri- + -logy 1.: a science that deals with the study of bacteria and with their relations to medicine, industry, and agriculture 2.: bacterial life and phenomena < the bacteriology of a water supply > < the bacteriology of a disease >