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单词 escape
释义 es·cape
I. \ə̇ˈskāp, eˈ-\ verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English escapen, ascapen, from Old North French escaper, ascaper, from (assumed) Vulgar Latin excappare, from Latin ex- + Late Latin cappa head covering, cloak — more at cap
intransitive verb
1.
 a. : to get away (as by flight or conscious effort) : break away, get free, or get clear
  < the prisoner escaped from prison >
  < escape from boredom by traveling extensively >
  < eager to escape from the army and go back to his home town — Dixon Wecter >
  < the peculiar merit of this book is that it escapes from the conventional attitudes towards the conquest of Mexico — Times Literary Supplement >
 b. : to issue from confinement or an enclosure especially by way of a break (as in a waterpipe)
  < gas escaping from a main >
  < clamp lips firmly so that no air can escape — Raymond Zauber >
  < as the fluid runs through the tile lines, it gradually escapes through the open joints — J.R.Dalzell >
  < her hat was jammed onto the back of her head, her hair escaping beneath the crumpled brim — William Faulkner >
  < the eggs develop in this pouch and the young escape when they hatch — G.E. & Nettie MacGinitie >
 c. of a plant : to run wild from a condition of cultivation or from a cultivated area
2. : to avoid or elude an evil that threatens : evade imminent pain or misfortune
 < the infection was so widespread that few escaped >
 < the hunters were so thick any game that escaped was lucky >
 < the crew escaped, as usual, but the boat was shattered to pieces — Norman Douglas >
 < he escaped momentarily from the heavy humors which had occupied his mind — T.B.Costain >
specifically of an amateur wrestler : to maneuver from a defensive to a neutral position
transitive verb
1. : to get free of : break away from
 < escaped the jungle to carry forward the struggle — James Atlas >
 < to escape the earth's gravitational pull — Edwina Deans et al >
2.
 a. : to get or be out of the way of (something one wishes to avoid) : miss or succeed in averting (pain or misfortune) : avoid, elude, evade
  < escape poverty and unhappiness >
  < the Greeks escaped the evils of priestly government — W.R.Inge >
  < firstborn babies characteristically escape the disease — E.W.Page >
  < set sail hastily to escape possible punishment for his share in the enterprise — American Guide Series: Maine >
  < our family seems to have escaped television addiction — John McNulty >
  < the name of the man escapes me entirely >
 b. : to be unnoticed by or not obvious, apparent, or recallable to
  < the more valuable articles escaped the eyes of the thieves >
  < the profounder subtleties of harmony and rhythm more often than not escape me — Clive Bell >
  < a veracity that often escapes the authors of historical fiction — American Guide Series: Oregon >
  < the myth is a transcendent idea that escapes the mental grasp entirely — H.M.Parshley >
3.
 a. : to issue from
  < a smile may escape us in reading Honorius — H.O.Taylor >
 b. : to be uttered by (a person) involuntarily
  < a muffled moan escaped the boy — F.V.W.Mason >
Synonyms:
 avoid, evade, elude, eschew, shun: escape refers to a getting away from something viewed as imminently or likely to be dangerous, threatening, or otherwise to be feared or disliked
  < escaped serious injury in the accident >
  < adroit legal maneuvering by his attorney enabled him to escape a prison term >
  < the fox escaped detection by the hounds >
  < written in secret to escape ridicule — Ellen Glasgow >
  avoid may be a near synonym of escape but stresses forethought and caution; it may indicate a keeping well clear of rather than a getting away when exposed to danger
  < Wang Lung avoided them lest some recognize him — Pearl Buck >
  < by pooling our difficulties, we may at least avoid the failures which come from conceiving the problems of government to be simpler than they are — Felix Frankfurter >
  < life is full of perils, but the wise man ignores those that are inevitable, and acts prudently but without emotion as regards those that can be avoided — Bertrand Russell >
  evade suggests cleverness, adroitness, artifice, or occasionally subterfuge in avoiding, escaping, or dodging
  < the king was so far away that his rules might be in large degree evaded if not defied — C.L.Jones >
  < the experience of life shows that people are constantly doing things which must lead to disaster, and yet by some chance manage to evade the result of their folly — W.S.Maugham >
  elude applies to escaping or evading by baffling, shifty, sly, strategic, or abstruse procedure or character
  < so some biologists, peering into their microscopes, observe remarkable events which somehow elude their colleagues — Martin Gardner >
  < the ruse to which Captain Lyon had resorted to elude the writ by transporting his prisoner to Illinois — Winston Churchill >
  eschew may indicate an avoiding or abstaining from as unwise or distasteful
  < he says what he has to say in excellent prose, eschewing all highflown and arty dithyrambs — New York Herald Tribune Book Review >
  < eschewing melodramatic shortcuts, in spite of the clamor from Rome, he broke the enemy by the only methods possible — starvation, attrition, and a slow, deadly scientific envelopment — John Buchan >
  < his fundamental respect for human personality makes him instinctively eschew the method of authority — M.R.Cohen >
  shun indicates active or pronounced avoidance, usually with abhorrence, aversion, or contemning as wrong or unwise
  < a desolate wilderness of maquis, marsh, and coastal swamp, infested with malaria, and shunned by people — George Kish >
  < to shun for his health the pleasures of the table — A.T.Quiller-Couch >
Synonyms:
 fly, flee, decamp, abscond: escape is the most general in meaning and refers to getting out of confinement, restraint, or captivity or, in the verb's broadest application, out of the clutches or grip of or involvement in anything considered dangerous or unpleasant
  < escaped from jail >
  < the first action of the war, in which the British ship … escaped by superior speed after a sharp fight — Edward Breck >
  < escape from his grief and loneliness — Allen Johnson >
  < escape embarrassment >
  fly, used in the sense of escape only in the present tense, adds to it the idea of haste, as of one in fear
  < fly, father, fly! for all your friends are fled — Shakespeare >
  < so absolutely flooded by the Hawkesbury and its tributaries, that the farmers are forced to fly for their lives — Anthony Trollope >
  flee implies haste and abruptness of escape, often suggesting not only fear but a certain consequent disorder in the departure
  < make a boy believe that real work is a thing to flee from — C.E.Montague >
  < founded by men who were fleeing from something very like this tyranny — Hugh Gaitskell >
  < the Irish who fled in the famine years — Liam Brophy >
  < everyone fled in summer to escape the swarms of mosquitoes — American Guide Series: North Carolina >
  decamp does not usually suggest escape as much as mere, although total, removal from one place to another or complete purposeful departure, applying usually only with a somewhat humorous connotation to the escape of one in confinement or one avoiding confinement or restraint
  < other tradesmen came to town, took orders, received advances of goods or money, and then decamped — C.L.Jones >
  < the expectation of his decamping as fast as he could from such disgraceful companions — Jane Austen >
  < might play them false and decamp with the entire £100,000 — F.W.Crofts >
  abscond puts emphasis upon the idea of secrecy, especially criminal secrecy, in an escape, withdrawal, or departure
  < a promoter with a salted silver mine sold claims to hundreds, at from $50 to $1000 a claim, and absconded with the proceeds — American Guide Series: Texas >
  < he absconded from college with his clothes and took refuge in a lonely farmhouse — Van Wyck Brooks >
  < abscond with the family silver >
II. noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English escap, escape, from escapen, v.
1. : the act of escaping or the fact of having escaped: as
 a. : evasion of or deliverance from what confines, limits, or holds
  < an escape from a mental hospital >
  < escape from the earth's gravitational pull >
  < how to make escape from his tight grasp >
 specifically : an unlawful departure of a prisoner from the limits of his custody especially when without prison breach — see negligent escape, voluntary escape; compare constructive escape
 b. : evasion of or deliverance from what injures, threatens, torments, bores, or is otherwise undesirable
  < find no method of escape from pain and suffering >
  < a gradual escape … from the hideous experiences and whirling ideas of his youth — Times Literary Supplement >
  < the escape from this legal confusion — H.O.Taylor >
  < these islands have symbolized escape from a world that is too much with us — V.G.Heiser >
  < comedy is an escape not from truth but from despair — Christopher Fry >
 c. : leakage or outflow especially of steam or a liquid
  < trying to stop an escape of gas from a broken conduit >
 d. : distraction or relief from the routine or a burdensome aspect of everyday existence, usually from its irksome responsibilities or its harsher realities
  < a miserable life that provided no means of escape but alcohol >
  < can't think of anything more genuinely pleasurable these days than the pure escape offered you by a trip in a luxury liner — Richard Joseph >
 especially : such mental distraction or relief achieved by flight into idealizing fantasy or fiction that glorifies the self
2.
 a. archaic : blunder, mistake
 b. obsolete : transgression
3. obsolete : outburst
4.
 a. : a means of escape
  < his escape was first constant reading and then, when that did not satisfy, daydreaming >
  < his moments of intense contemplative vision are not moments of autointoxication or escape — Douglas Bush >
  < when he lost all his money there was no escape left and he finally went to work >
 b. : an outlet or gate through which water may be released from a canal or hydraulic structure
 c. [by shortening] : fire escape; specifically : a wheeled extension ladder used to evacuate a burning building
 d. : a maneuver in amateur wrestling that permits a contestant to gain a neutral position from a position of disadvantage
5. : a commonly cultivated plant that has run wild or has sprung up from self-sown seeds of a cultivated individual
6. : the action of getting out of a gravitational field
 < escape by rocket >
III. adjective
Etymology: escape (II)
1. : of or relating to escape or to an escape
 < asked to explain his escape methods after he got out of the concentration camp >
 < his work, for all its fantasy and superreality, was never an escape world: the threat of war, the dark emanations of the unconscious, the grotesque and the erotic, suffering and death, all find a place in his microcosm — Herbert Read >
2. : providing a means or opportunity of evading a regulation, claim, agreement, or commitment
 < an escape clause >
 < the contract set the price of steel at a low figure but contained an escape provision for raising the price $2 a ton if the market went up generally >
specifically : providing an opportunity to a new employee in a union shop or to union members following the negotiation of a new union contract for quitting the union without penalty
 < a union contract with a 30-day escape period >
 < forced the union to include an escape clause in the contract that was finally settled upon >
IV. noun
(-s)
Etymology: French, from Middle French escappe, from Latin scapus shaft of a column, stalk — more at shaft
: apophyge
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更新时间:2024/9/23 7:30:51