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单词 method
释义 meth·od
I. \ˈmethəd\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle French or Latin; Middle French methode, from Latin methodus, from Greek methodos, from meta- + hodos way — more at cede
1. : a procedure or process for attaining an object: as
 a. obsolete : the medical system of the methodists
 b.
  (1) : a systematic procedure, technique, or set of rules employed in philosophical inquiry : a particular approach to problems of truth or knowledge
   < the pragmatic method tries to interpret each notion by tracing its respective practical consequences — William James >
   < the dialectical method assumes the primacy of matter >
   < the method of the positivists applied to philosophy the procedures of the natural sciences >
  (2) : a discipline or system sometimes considered a branch of logic that deals with the principles applicable to inquiry into or exposition of some subject
  (3) : a systematic procedure, technique, or mode of inquiry employed by or proper to a particular science, art, or discipline : methodology
   < the historical method >
   < the method of logic >
   < exploring the broadest possibilities of iconographic method — Harry Bober >
  (4) : a systematic plan followed in presenting material for instruction
   < the lecture method >
   < a course in methods >
  (5) : a particular way of viewing, organizing, and giving shape and significance to artistic materials
   < hadn't found his method, but he had definitely found his theme — Graham Greene >
   < method … can be determined only from the work as a whole — M.K.Spears >
   < method and sensibility ought never … to be kept long separate — R.P.Blackmur >
 c.
  (1) : a way, technique, or process of or for doing something
   < there are three methods of touring Britain by car — Richard Joseph >
   < found their respective working methods congenial — Current Biography >
   < often slow in their business methods — T.R.Ybarra >
   < to whom she owed her excellent methodOpera News >
  (2) : a body of skills or techniques
   < deeply professional, learned in the art of the novel, heavily armed with method — J.D.Scott b. 1917 >
2.
 a. : orderly arrangement, development, or classification : plan, design
  < the book is completely lacking in method >
 b. obsolete
  (1) : a methodical exposition
  (2) : a table of contents
  (3) : an arrangement that follows a plan or design
 c. : orderliness and regularity or habitual practice of them in action
  < thrift was as much in her nature as method — Sylvia T. Warner >
  < time enough to do everything if only you used method — Angela Thirkell >
Synonyms:
 method, mode, manner, way, fashion, and system can all indicate the means used or the procedure followed in doing a given kind of work or achieving a given end. method can apply to any plan or procedure but usually implies an orderly, logical, effective plan or procedure, connoting also regularity
  < the crude methods of trial and error — Henry Suzzallo >
  < the method of this book is to present a series of successive scenes of English life — G.M.Trevelyan >
  < Marx's doctrine is not a system of scientific truths, it merely represents a method — one possible approach to social and historical reflection — Paolo Milano >
  < surely not to leave to fitful chance the things that method and system and science should order and adjust — B.N.Cardozo >
  mode, sometimes interchangeable with method, seldom implies order or logic, suggesting rather custom, tradition, or personal preference
  < a rational mode of dealing with the insane — W.R.Inge >
  < this intuition is essentially an aesthetic mode of apprehension — H.J.Muller >
  < the mode of reproduction of plants and animals, however, is fundamentally identical — Encyc. Americana >
  manner usually suggests a personal or peculiar course or procedure, often interchanging with mode in this sense
  < the manner by which the present pattern of land ownership in this country has evolved — A.F.Gustafson >
  < it is not consistent with his manner of writing Latin — G.C.Sellery >
  < bearing loaves of sweet bread and of cornbread made with yeast in the Portuguese manner — Dana Burnet >
  way is general and interchangeable with method, mode, or manner
  < a special way to raise orchids >
  < the way the machine works >
  < the town's way of life >
  < one's way of tying his tie >
  fashion, in this comparison, may be distinguished from way in often suggesting a more superficial origin or source as in a mere fashion or ephemeral style
  < was so popular that his subjects took to wearing monocles, in his fashionTime >
  < Harvard has stoutly and successfully resisted the fashion by which the grounds of an American college have come to be known as a campus — Official Register of Harvard University >
  < who were poor in a fashion unknown to North America — Herbert Agar >
  system suggests a fully developed, often carefully formulated method, usually emphasizing the idea of rational orderliness
  < every new discovery claims to form an addition to the system of science as transmitted from the past — Michael Polanyi >
  < behavior which is not in accord with the individual's system elicits responses of fear — Ralph Linton >
  < an earnest plea for radical reformation of the system of assessment and taxation — C.A.Duniway >
II. noun
Usage: usually capitalized
: a dramatic technique by which an actor seeks to gain complete identification with the inner personality of the character being portrayed
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