英语词汇“charge”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

单词	charge
释义	charge I. \ˈchärj, ˈchȧj\ verb (-ed/-ing/-s) Etymology: Middle English chargen, from Old French chargier, from Late Latin carricare, from Latin carrus wheeled vehicle — more at car *transitive verb* 1. a. archaic (1) : to put a load on or in < horses charged with heavy burdens > (2) : to place as a load < directing the servants … to charge the Saratoga trunk upon the dickey — R.L.Stevenson > b. (1) obsolete : to place too heavy a burden on : overload (2) : to weigh down with a heavy burden (as of guilt, sickness, or expense) < his spirit was charged with sorrow > (3) : emphasize, exaggerate; especially : to render more striking (a detail in a work of art) < charge a line by reinforcing with black > c. (1) : to place a charge (as of materials to be treated or consumed) in < charge the magazine with three rounds > : load or fill to capacity or up to the required amount < charge a blast furnace with ore > (2) : to impart an electric charge to (3) : to restore the active materials in (a storage battery) by the passage of a direct current through in the opposite direction to that of discharge (4) : to load (a charge) into something < granulated cork is charged into suitable molds and heat is applied — G.B.Cooke > (5) : to fill or load (as a brush or pen) with pigment or ink (6) : to fill (as a fire hose) with water under pressure (7) : embed < charge abrasive grains in a metal disk for grinding > d. (1) : to assume as a heraldic bearing < he charges three roses or > (2) : to place a heraldic bearing on < he charges his shield with three roses or > e. (1) : to fill full : furnish fully < a brain charged with fancies > especially : to fill with a particular mood, tone, or spirit < charges the air with its cosmopolitan sense of freedom — Harry Levin > (2) : to cause to be mixed or saturated : impregnate < warehouses chargeing the air with odors of spice and coffee > 2. a. (1) : to impose a particular duty or task on : entrust with a responsibility, duty, or task < chairman specifically charged with leading the board — G.B.Hurff > (2) : to entrust with the care, custody, or management of something or someone < I charge myself with him … I will take care of him — Charles Dickens > b. : to command or exhort with authority < Badoglio was charged by the king to form a new cabinet — Sir Winston Churchill > : urge earnestly < I charge thee be not thou more grieved than I am — Shakespeare > c. of a judge : to give a charge to (a jury) 3. a. : to bring an accusation against : call to account : blame < charged him as the instigator of the disorder > b. : to make an assertion against especially by ascribing guilt or blame for an offense or wrong : accuse — used with with < reluctant to charge a dead man with an offense from which he could not clear himself — Edith Wharton > c. : to place the blame or guilt for (a fault or wrongdoing) — now usually used with to < he charged the fiasco to overconfidence > d. : to assert as an accusation < charged that the … line would tend to become a monopoly — Current Biography > 4. a. : to bring (a weapon) to a position suited for attack : level < charge a lance > b. : to drive upon, rush against, or bear down upon rapidly and violently < charge an enemy position > < the car charged the bank and broke through the fence > 5. a. (1) : to impose a pecuniary burden on < charge his estate with any debts incurred > (2) : to impose or record as a pecuniary obligation < charge debts to an estate > b. (1) : to fix or ask (a sum) as a fee or payment < charge $10 for his services > (2) : to ask payment of (a person) < charge a client for expenses > — often used with a double object < charge a student $50 for meals > c. (1) : to record (an item) as an expense, debt, obligation, or liability — usually used with to or against < charge a purchase to a customer > < charge a library book to a borrower > < charge a mistake against a person > (2) : to record a debt, obligation, or liability against < charge your account with the goods ordered > < charge a person with a book borrowed from a library > < charge a fielder with an error > (3) : to enter on the debit side of an account < charge a sum against income for depreciation > < charge rent and phone bill to administration > *intransitive verb* 1. : to drive or rush violently forward typically in attack < the cavalry charged to the flank > < came charging through the door, wearing a baseball mitt on one hand — Jean Stafford > 2. : to ask or set a price < charge high for goods > : ask payment < he doesn't charge at all for it > 3. of a judge : to give a charge to the jury 4. of a dog : to lie down with head on forepaws Synonyms: see accuse, ascribe, burden, command, rush • - charge to capital - charge to revenue II. noun (-s) Etymology: Middle English, from Old French, from chargier, v. 1. a. obsolete : a material load or weight b. : a figure borne on a heraldic field : bearing c. : a plaster or ointment used on a domestic animal d. (1) : the quantity of explosive used in a single discharge < a cartridge with a powder charge of 70 grains > < an artillery shell with an explosive bursting charge > < a charge of dynamite under the stump > (2) : the powder and shot in a cartridge e. : the quantity of material to be used or consumed that is loaded at one time into an apparatus or that a mechanism is intended to receive in any single operation < the charge of chemicals in a fire extinguisher > < the charge of mixed fuel and air in the cylinder of a gas engine > < the charge of coal placed in a coal-gas retort > f. (1) : electric charge (2) : the quantity of electricity that a storage battery is capable of yielding expressed usually in ampere-hours (3) : the process of charging a storage battery g. (1) : a store or accumulation of force (as emotion, excitement, or affective power) < poetry with an emotional charge, deeply felt and communicated to the reader > : impelling especially emotional force : drive < a man with a high emotional charge > (2) : cathexis 2 (3) slang : a strong feeling of amusement, pleasure, or excitement : kick < the children got a big charge out of the clown > h. : the abrasive powder or grains in the surface of a lap used for grinding, polishing, or sawing 2. obsolete : consequence, importance < this army of such mass and charge — Shakespeare > 3. a. : something that one is obligated for : a duty or task laid upon one : obligation < to maintain this readiness … is … a first charge upon our military effort — Sir Winston Churchill > b. : control of the acts, workings, or disposition of something : management, supervision < he assumed full charge of the business > : care, custody < remained under his uncle's charge during his minority > c. : the parish, church, district, or congregations regularly served by a clergyman d. : a person or thing committed or entrusted to the care, custody, management, or support of another < nursemaids sunning their charges by the sea — D.G.Gerahty > < he entered the poorhouse, becoming a county charge > 4. a. : instruction, command, order, injunction < he gave them charge about the queen to guard and foster her forevermore — Alfred Tennyson > b. : a formal address containing instruction or exhortation: as (1) : an official address of instruction by a senior church official to his clergy or upon the ordination of a minister (2) : an instruction given by the court to the jury in order to govern their action in coming to or making their decision; specifically : the statement made by the judge to the jury at the close of a trial of the principles of law that the latter are bound to apply to the facts as determined by them in deciding upon their verdict 5. a. : expenditure or incurred expense < living at the charge of his brother > as (1) : payment of costs : money paid out (2) : a pecuniary liability (as rents or taxes) against property, a person, or an organization < charges upon the estate > < smoking has become … a fixed charge on the expenditures of every family — Morris Fishbein > — often used in plural b. : the price demanded for a thing or service < a 10-cent admission charge > — often used in plural < reverse the charges for a telephone call > c. : a debit to an account < a charge to expense account > : an entry in an account of what is due from one party to another < a charge to a customer's account > : something that is debited < the purchase was a charge > d. : the record of a loan (as of a book from a library) 6. a. : an accusation of a wrong or offense : allegation, indictment < arrested on the charge of bribery > b. : a statement of complaint or hostile criticism < the charge that earned incomes are based upon no principle of equity > 7. a. of a weapon : a position of readiness for attack < pikes held in charge > b. (1) : a violent and impetuous rush toward or upon some person or object < the lion's charge carried him past the antelope > specifically : an attack with the intent of closing with an enemy < a tank charge > — compare assault I 2 (2) : the signal for attack < the bugle sounds the charge > c. : a lunge used chiefly in gymnastics in which the trunk and stationary leg form a straight line • - in charge
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