| 释义 |
strategic, a. and n.|strəˈtiːdʒɪk, -ˈtɛdʒɪk|
[a. F. stratégique or ad. Gr. στρατηγικ-ός of or pertaining to a general, f. στρατηγ-ός strategus.]
A. adj.
1. Of or belonging to strategy; useful or important in regard to strategy.
strategic point [= F. point stratégique], a position determined as important in a plan of campaign.
1825J. A. Gilbert Expos. Princ. Milit. Comb. 3 Strategic movements and manœuvres. Ibid. 67 Choosing a field of battle which has all the advantage of a good strategic position. 1855Twemlow Consid. Tactics & Strategy (ed. 2) 172 The importance of strategic reserves. 1861Jeff. Davis Message to Confederate Congr. 18 Nov., Our armies were marched into that State to repel the enemy and prevent their occupation of certain strategic points which would have given them great advantages in the contest. 1894Engineer 9 Mar. 199/1 The strategic railway connecting Tientsin with Shan-hai-Kwan.
transf.1886H. W. Lucy Diary Gladstone Parlt. 133 The Sergeant-at-Arms..more than once has had occasion to sally forth from his chair, and by strategic movements interrupt that gentleman's unauthorised advance towards the table.
2. Of, pertaining to, or designating nuclear weapons intended to destroy an enemy's capacity to make war. Cf. tactical a. 1 c.
1957Listener 26 Dec. 1056/1 Nobody has managed..to draw an effective distinction between ‘strategic’ and ‘tactical’ atomic weapons. 1957Times 18 Nov. p. x/2 Between 1946..and 1950, strategic stockpiling had hardly begun. 1958Spectator 21 Feb. 219/1 If Russia were to launch a major attack on the West, even with conventional forces only, the West would have to hit back with strategic nuclear weapons. 1961Listener 14 Dec. 1012/1 The idea was not to create a complete system of strategic deterrence under Nato, but one large enough to meet certain specific problems. 1965H. Kahn On Escalation v. 92 A high degree of escalation could easily be involved..if it were a strategic-weapons submarine. 1969Times 27 Oct. 9/1 The discussions which will open between the United States and Russia in Helsinki next month are{ddd}the long awaited Salt discussions—the strategic arms limitation talks. 1978Orbis XXII. 319 A desire to strengthen the linkage between theater- and strategic-nuclear forces. 1979Financial Rev. 28 Sept. 10/5 It is not that the doctrine of strategic deterrence is being discarded, but that it is being constantly adapted to new technologies as each side seeks to prevent the other from gaining a decisive advantage.
3. Of, pertaining to, or designating materials essential to a country for fighting a war.
1958Economist 26 July 283 A relaxation of the embargo on strategic exports to communist countries has been in the wind for some time. 1959Listener 10 Dec. 1023/1 On the British side there is the question of the so-called strategic controls. This is the agreement between Great Britain and certain other Western countries not to export to the U.S.S.R. certain goods which might be used for military purposes. 1969Plano & Olton Internat. Relations Dict. iii. 76 Some of the most critical strategic materials include foodstuffs, aluminum, cadmium, cooper, magnesium, [etc.]. 1981Financial Rev. (Sydney) 24 Apr. 54/2 Germanium is one of about two dozen metals called ‘strategic’ because they are vital to defence and industry, but available in large supplies only from foreign sources.
4. Special collocations: strategic bombing, the bombing of an enemy's territory with the aim of disrupting its economy and destroying morale; hence strategic bomber, an aircraft used for this purpose; cf. tactical a. 1 b; strategic hamlet, a settlement or reservation for accommodating potential terrorists or their supporters under surveillance (esp. with reference to the Vietnam war); strategic studies, the analysis of conflict in international relations in all its aspects.
1961Listener 14 Dec. 1012/1 If it becomes unwise..to consider basing MRBMs or strategic bombers in Europe. 1977Sci. Amer. Aug. 26/3 The Backfire's capability as a strategic bomber—defined as a bomber that can reach the other country's territory—is certainly less significant than that of U.S. bombers based in Europe or on aircraft carriers.
1941Nineteenth Cent. Sept. 163 Bombing of cities..is a true example of strategic bombing. 1966Listener 27 Oct. 616/2 The very foundation stone of the independent service—strategic bombing—becomes a stumbling block.
1963Times 21 Jan. 9/7 A vast campaign to build ‘strategic hamlets’ has been launched in every province... President Ngo Dinh Diem has described 1962 as the ‘year of the strategic hamlets’. 1973Black Panther 30 June 11/3 Smith's program involves the concepts of the ‘strategic hamlet’ and ‘pacification’; to round up peasants from areas where guerilla forces show signs of gathering support (they will then be relocated to centers where they are surrounded by police barricades). 1975New Yorker 5 May 131/1 What were we doing to the South Vietnamese, with our ‘strategic hamlets’ and ‘free-fire zones’?
1959Times Feb. 12/1 The chairman and council of the Institute for Strategic Studies held a reception yesterday evening. 1981Listener 5 Nov. 530/1, I..started a postgraduate seminar in strategic studies.
B. n. The strategic art, strategy.
a. sing. [= Gr. ἡ στρατηγική (sc. τέχνη).] rare.
1860Gen. P. Thompson Audi Alt. III. cxxii. 68 Frederic was the great improver in this which may be called the ‘Strategic of Battle’.
b. pl. [= Gr. τὰ στρατηγικά.]
1852Fraser's Mag. XLVI. 88 All the details of sub-marine tactics and strategics. 1853Stocqueler Mil. Encycl. s.v. Tactics, Tactics, as distinct from strategics [printed strategies], imply the disposition and formation of troops in presence of an enemy. 1863Dicey Federal St. II. 2 At Washington, during the war, every militia officer..considered himself justified in talking about Jomini and Vauban and the science of strategics.
▸ Golf. Designating, relating to, or involving an approach to course design in which hazards are placed in such a way as to encourage a skilled or intelligent response to a misjudged shot. Cf. penal adj.1 3.
1926Times 30 Apr. 7/3 The penal school simply overwhelm the maker of an obviously bad shot by means of an obvious bunker; the strategic consider that the indifferent player should be allowed enough rope to hang himself and that generally the punishment for a bad shot should..be postponed, so that the player is in a bad strategic position for attacking ‘the green’. 1931T. Simpson Game of Golf 166 The strategic architect..hides his hand as much as he can. 1969J. Nicklaus Greatest Game of All 190 One of the most testing and interesting inland courses in the world, strategic golf at its finest. 2000Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 19 Sept. (Metro Northwest section) 2 The course will be strategic, not penal. |