| 释义 |
▪ I. sundry, a.|ˈsʌndrɪ|
Forms: α. 1 syndriᵹ, (syndryᵹ, Northumb. suindriᵹ), 1–2 sindriȝ, 2–3 sindri, 4–5 sindre, syndre; Sc. and north. 4– sindry, syndry, 5–7 sindri, 5–8 sindrie (5 sendri, 6 sin-, syndrye, -ie, syndery, 8 sendry); β. 3–4 sundri, 4–6 sondri, -dry(e, (4 sundrii, -dre, sum-dri, sondree), 5–6 sondre, sundery, soundry, 5–7 sundrie, soundrie, 6–7 sondrie, (6 so(u)ndery, -ie, soondrie, 7 sondrey), 4– sundry.
[OE. syndriᵹ separate, special, private, exceptional, corresp. to MLG. sunder(i)ch single, special, LG. sunderig, OHG. sunt(a)rîc, sund(i)rîc, -erîg special (MHG. sunderig, -ic); f. sunder sunder a.: see -y1.]
1. Having an existence, position, or status apart; separate, distinct. Obs. exc. dial.
c1000ælfric Judg. Epil. (Gr.) 263 Þa senatores..dæᵹ⁓hwanlice smeadon on anum sindrian huse embe ealles folces þearfe. c1000Ags. Ps. cxl. 12 (Gr.) Ic me syndriᵹ eom. c1250Gen. & Ex. 1985 Ðor was in helle a sundri stede, wor ðe seli folc reste dede. a1300Cursor M. 332 Þis wright [sc. God]..Fra al oþer, sundri [Fairf. ys sundre] and sere. Ibid. 16094 Þe pretori, þat was a sundri stede. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xix. 192 Þre persones in o pensel..departable from oþer..And sondry to seo vpon. 1533N. Udall Coronat. Anne Boleyn in Arb. Garner II. 58 The fourth Lady..peerless in riches, wit, and beauty; Which are but sundry qualities in yon three [sc. Juno, Pallas, and Venus]. 1549Coverdale, etc. Erasm. Par. 1 Pet. 9 Let not age, estate, condicion or sondry being in diuerse countres disseuer you a sondre. 1790Mrs. Wheeler Westmld. Dial. (1802) 114 She ligs in a sendry kaw boose.
†2. Belonging or assigned distributively to certain individuals; distinct or different for each respectively. Obs.
a900tr. Bæda's Hist. iv. xxiii. [xxii.] (1890) 328 Þurh syndriᵹe þine ondsware [orig. per singula tua responsa] ic onᵹet & oncneow, þæt [etc.]. Ibid. v. xxiii. (1899) 697/1 On septem Epistolas Canonicas [ic sette] syndrie bec. c1000ælfric Deut. xxxiii. 5 Moyses þa ᵹebletsode..þa twelf mæᵹða ælce mid sindriᵹre bletsunge. c1205Lay. 2688 He hefde on liue tuenti sunen and alc hefde sindri moder. a1300Cursor M. 9533 Ilkan sum-dri gift he gaue. 1375Barbour Bruce x. 731 His men, in-to syndry plas, Clam our the wall. 1430–40Lydg. Bochas i. ii. (MS. Bodl. 263) 17/1 The contre off Sennar thei forsook And ech off hem a sondri contre took. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 70, iiii. hed peces called Armites, euery pece beyng of a sundery deuice. 1549Compl. Scot. vi. 65 Ilk ane of them hed ane syndry instrament to play to the laif, the fyrst hed ane drone bag pipe, the nyxt hed ane pipe maid of ane bleddir and of ane reid, the thrid playit on ane trump [etc.]. 1592Greene Conny Catching Wks. (Grosart) XI. 84 Those Amarosos here in England..that..wil haue in euery shire in England a sundry wife. a1700Dryden Ovid's Art Love i. 863 Experience finds That sundry Women are of sundry Minds. 1715Pennecuik Truth's Trav. 114 Ilk an ran a sindrie gait. 1738Wesley Ps. civ. iv, His Ministers Heav'n's Palace fill, To have their sundry Tasks assign'd.
†3. Individually separate; that is one of a number of individuals of a class or group. Usually with pl. n. or sing. n. in pl. sense: Various, (many) different. Obs. (or merged in 5).
c1250Gen. & Ex. 665 Al was on speche ðor bi-foren, ðor woren sundri speches boren. 1375Barbour Bruce v. 7 For to mak in thair synging Syndry notis, and soundis sere. 14..Sir Beues (MS. E.) 4313 + 46 He hadde wunnen in to hys hond Many a batayle in sundry lond. c1470Henry Wallace i. 29 Elrisle..Auchinbothe, and othir syndry place. 1551Recorde Pathw. Knowl. i. xvii, Diligently behold how these sundry figures be turned into triangles. 1561T. Hoby tr. Castiglione's Courtyer i. (1577) D vij b, In learning to handle sundrie kinde of weapons. 1596Edw. III, iii. i. 69 Like to a meddow full of sundry flowers. 1603Owen Pembrokeshire (1892) 269 The seuerall sortes of fowle..and..the sondrey kindes of takeinge of them. 1677in Verney Mem. (1907) II. 327 There are sundry sorts of Habits becomming Souldiers in particular. 1754Sherlock Disc. vii. (1759) I. 215 The Prophets of old were..destroyed by sundry Kinds of Death.
†b. Preceded (rarely followed) by an adj. of number or plurality (esp. many). See also 6 e. Obs.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xiii. 38 Þanne cam scripture And serued hem..of sondry metes manye. 1390Gower Conf. II. 359 Thei bede..Tuo sondri beddes to be dyht. 1474Caxton Chesse iv. v. (1883) 176 Whan he is in the myddes of the tabler he may goo in to viii. places sondry. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxvi. 26 Heilie harlottis..Come in with mony sindrie gyiss. 15..Adam Bel 470 in Hazl. E.P.P. II. 158 We haue slaie your fat falow der In many a sondry place. 1570Foxe A. & M. (ed. 2) 1362/2 In those dayes there were ij. sundry Bibles in Englishe. 1570Satir. Poems Reform. xiii. 17 And this he vsis mony sindrie sortis. 1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 198 The third Brooke..being crossed in the way by seven other sundry bridges. 1617Moryson Itin. i. 231 Nine sundry Sects of Christians haue their Monasteries within this City. 1678R. Barclay Apol. Quakers v. §20. 157 This Parable, repeated in three sundry Evangelists.
†c. Comb., as sundry-coloured, sundry-shaped adjs.
1587Golding De Mornay vi. (1592) 62 Afore making this sundrishaped world, God had conceiued an incorruptible paterne thereof. 1593Drayton Ecl. i. 14 His sundrie coloured Coat. a1700Evelyn Diary June 1645, The quire, wall'd..with sundry colour'd stone halfe relievo.
†4. Different, other. (Const. from.) With pl. n. or sing. n. in pl. sense: Diverse, manifold. Obs.
13..Cursor M. 4246 (Gött.) Putyfar..held ioseph in mensk and lare Al þou þair treuthes sundri ware. c1400Rom. Rose 5184 If I may lere Of sondry loves the manere. c1470Henry Wallace x. 708 The king changyt on syndry hors off Spayn. 1509Hawes Past. Pleas. iv. (Percy Soc.) 19 A venemous beast of sundry likenes. 1535Coverdale Bible Prol. to Rdr. ⁋2 Euery church allmost had y⊇ Byble of a sondrye translacion. 1548Turner Names Herbes (E.D.S.) 23 Carduus..is a sundry herbe from Cinara. 1551― Herbal i. E iij, Dioscorides descrybeth thes herbes seuerally, & so maketh them sondry herbes. 1586Day Engl. Secretorie i. (1625) 132 How many, and how sundry are the euils wherewith our mortall state is endangered. 1614W. B. Philos. Banquet (ed. 2) 113 The sundryest kindes of extremities. 1639Fuller Holy War iv. vi. (1647) 176 A sundry dialect maketh not a severall language. 1668Culpepper & Cole Barthol. Anat. iii. xi. 152 The external parts about the mouth are sundry.
b. † (a) Consisting of different elements, of mixed composition. Obs. rare.
1594Hooker Eccl. Pol. iv. vi. §3 Forbidding them [sc. the Jews] to put on garments of sundry stuffe. 1600Shakes. A.Y.L. iv. i. 17 A melancholy of mine owne, compounded of many simples, extracted from many obiects, and indeed the sundrie contemplation of my trauells, in which my often rumination, wraps me in a most humorous sadnesse.
(b) Consisting of miscellaneous items: cf. sundries.
1790Beatson Nav. & Mil. Mem. II. 187, 75 tons of sundry wood. 1870Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining (1872) 98 The assets of the company [include] Cash in Bank of California $119,609... Sundry open accounts $2,863. 1913Times 9 Aug. 19/2 Yield, including sundry revenue, {pstlg}4,855.
5. As an indefinite numeral: A number of, several. (The prevailing use.)
† Occas. with poss. as sundry his = several of his.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints ii. (Paulus) 26 In parelis wes he stad sindry. 1390Gower Conf. I. 209 This Emperour..Withinne a ten mile enviroun..Hath sondry places forto reste. 1456Sir G. Haye Law Arms (S.T.S.) 107 And ȝit is thare sindry othir realmes that obeyis nocht to the Emperoure. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 321 Whom Cicero veray often tymes citeth in soondrie his werkes. 1552Bk. Com. Prayer, Morn. Prayer, Exh., The scripture moueth vs in sondrye places, to acknowledge and confesse our manyfolde synnes and wyckednesse. 1605Shakes. Macb. iv. iii. 158 Sundry Blessings hang about his Throne, That speake him full of Grace. 1630Prynne Anti-Armin. 118 Subiecting it to sundry alterations, periods, and changes at our pleasure. 1782F. Burney Cecilia ii. ii, [She] was then ushered with great pomp through sundry apartments. 1794Bloomfield's Reports 13 The Court having heard..sundry affidavits read. 1843James Forest Days i, These benches formed the favourite resting-place of sundry old men. 1870A. R. Hope My Schoolboy Fr. xi. 149 Disturbing the placid repast of sundry forlorn cows. 1913Oxf. Univ. Gaz. 19 Feb. 493/2 Having built some proper out-houses to replace sundry untidy wooden hen-roosts.
†b. In collocations, as sundry (and) divers, divers (and) sundry, sundry (and) several. Obs.
c1420? Lydg. Assembly of Gods 321 Chaungeable of sondry dyuerse colowres. 1483Rolls of Parlt. VI. 245/1 Sundrie and diverse false and traiterous proclamacions. 1495Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 138 Diverse & soundrie shippes. a1548Hall Chron., Edw. IV 222 At sondry and seuerall tymes (and not all at one tyme). 1574in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. v. 424 For dyverse and sondrye good occations. 1590L. Lloyd Diall Daies 76 At sundrie severall times.
c. ellipt. and (chiefly Sc.) absol. (Cf. several a. 4 c.)
c1470Henry Wallace i. 199 Syndry wayntyt, bot nane wyst be quhat way. 1575in Maitl. Club Misc. I. 115 Syndery boyith of the citie and gentillmen upaland. a1629Hinde J. Bruen xlvi. (1641) 146 Divers and sundry of the workes of the Lord. 1680H. More Apocal. Apoc. 123 The not understanding of which has made sundry in vain attempt to predict events foretold in the Apocalypse. a1796Burns Katherine Jaffray iii, He's tell'd her father and mother baith, As I hear sindry say, O. 1825T. Hook Sayings Ser. ii. Doubts & F. i. II. 84 Sundry of those little hemmings and coughings. 1875Whitney Life Lang. vii. 115 Sundry of the modern European languages.
6. Phr.
†a. on sundry, in sundry, a sundry: alteration of on-, in-sunder (see sunder B), asunder.
†b. by sundries: individually.
†c. in or on sundry wise (occas. sundry wises), later sundry wise: in various or different ways; variously, diversely.
d. (in) sundry ways (in the same sense).
e. all and sundry, occas. † all sundry: every individual, every single; now only absol. (occas. † all and sundries) = everybody of all classes, one and all. (orig. and chiefly Sc. = L. omnes et singuli.)
a.c1250Gen. & Ex. 393 On sundri ðhenken he to ben. 13..Cursor M. 14665 (Gött.) We er all ane,..Sua þat we thoru nane-kin art Ne man be made in sundri [Cott. in sundre] part. c1330Amis & Amil. 309 Now we asondri schal wende. a1400Parlt. 3 Ages (Roxb.) 90, I..choppede of the nekke And þ⊇ hede and the haulse homelyde in sondree. c1420? Lydg. Assembly of Gods 1765 Whyche iii tymes, a sondry deuydyd, Mayst thow here see.
b.a1400–50Wars Alex. 3909 Þai seke out be sundres sexti to-gedire.
c.c1375Sc. Leg. Saints v. (Johannes) 558 He taucht þam in syndry vyis. 1375Barbour Bruce ix. 441 The laif..Sesit..Men, armyng, and marchandiss, And othir gudis on syndri viss. 14..Chaucer's Friar's T. 172 (Harl. MS. 7334) Why..ryde ȝe þan or goon, In sondry wyse [v.r. shape] and nouȝt alway in oon? 1484in Lett. Rich. III & Hen. VII (Rolls) I. 88 Feithful services to us in sundry wises doon. 1549Coverdale, etc. Erasm. Par. Rom. 33 God doeth in sondry wyse bestow his giftes. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. i. (1586) 3 b, The fruitefull Earth that tyld in sundry wyse, Vnto the eye her goodly fruites dooth yeelde. 1591R. Turnbull St. James 149 b, Men fall and sinne..three waies..and there is no man which doeth not fall through euerie one of these, sundriwise. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. xlvii, Twa precious saints might pu' sundry wise, like twa cows riving at the same hay-band.
d.a1578Lindesay (Pitscottie) Chron. Scot. (S.T.S.) I. 3 Ingyne of man be Inclinatioun in sindrie wayes is giwin. 1592Timme Ten Engl. Lepers E 4 b, This leprosie of pride dooth sundrie waies lay holde upon men. 1605Shakes. Macb. iv. iii. 48 Yet my poore Country Shall..More suffer, and more sundry wayes then euer. 1609Skene Reg. Maj. Table 61 He quha being lawfullie summoned, is absent,..is sindrie wayes vnlawed according to the diversitie of the courts. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 187 To breed him, break him, back him, are requir'd Experienc'd Masters; and in sundry Ways: Their Labours equal, and alike their Praise. 1743Bulkeley & Cummins Voy. S. Seas 36 There have died sundry ways since the Ship first struck forty-five Men.
e.1389in Sir W. Fraser Wemyss of W. (1888) II. 24 Til there thyngys al and syndry lelily and fermly to be fulfyllyt and yhemmyt. 1480in Exch. Rolls Scot. IX. 120 note, All and sendri oure liegis and subditis. 1552Abp. Hamilton Catech. (1884) 3 Till all and sindry personis. 1562A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) i. 95 To ceis all sindrye sectis of hereseis. 1597Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 303/2 Togidder with all and sindrie the teindscheves. 1682Lond. Gaz. No. 1682/1 To have forfault..all and sundry his Lands, Heretages, Liffrents, and Rents.
absol.1428Munim. de Melros (Bann.) 519 Till all & syndry to quham þe knawlage of þir presentz lettris sall to cum. 1442in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 63/2 Till al and sindri that thir presentez lettrez sall here or see. 1783W. Gordon tr. Livy's Rom. Hist. iv. ii. 310 Sedition never failed to procure honour and respect to all and sundries, its authors and abettors. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. lii, Join wi' Rob Roy..and revenge Donacha's death on all and sundry. 1837–42Hawthorne Twice-told T. (1851) I. x. 171, I cry aloud to all and sundry, in my plainest accents. 1901Scotsman 13 Mar. 12/2 The city must advertise for estimates from all and sundry.
†7. That sunders or separates; dividing; discriminating. Obs. rare.
1564Harding Answ. to Jewel's Chalenge 133 b, They must vse a discretion, and a sundry iudgement betwen the thinges they write agonisticῶς,..and the thinges they vtter dogmaticῶς. 1593A. Chute Beautie Dishonoured (1908) 111 Thus life, and death, in unitie agreeing Dated the tenor of their sonderie strife.
Hence † ˈsundryfold a., manifold; † ˈsundryhead, diversity, variety; † ˈsundrywhere adv., in various places.
c1430Lydg. Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 194 Complexionat of *sondryfold coloures. 1557T. Phaer æneid v. M iv b, Skant yemen twayn..the same coud beare, So sondriefolde it was.
1395Hylton Scala Perf. (W. de W. 1494) ii. xlvi, Þe *soundryhede of orders [of angels].
1548Patten Exped. Scot. M vij b, His valiaunce *sundry whear tried. 1568T. Howell Arb. Amitie Poems (1879) 35 The fethred foule..sundrie where his fostring foode, With chirping bill he peekes.
▪ II. ˈsundry, adv. Obs. exc. Sc.
Forms: 1 Northumb. syndriᵹe, suindriᵹe, swyndria; chiefly Sc. and north. 4 syndri, 4–6 syndry, 5 sindrie, 6 sindri, (9 sinry, sinnery,) 5– sindry; 3–5 sundri, 4 sondry, 6–7 sundrie, 4–9 sundry.
[OE. syndriᵹe, = OHG. sunt(a)rîgo (MHG. sunderige, LG. sonderig, sünderig); f. prec.]
1. Separately, apart; severally, individually.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Mark iv. 34 Seorsum, syndriᵹe. Ibid. xiv. 19 Singillatim, swyndria. c1205Lay. 24577 Alle þa wepmen at heore mete seten sund[r]i bi heom seoluen. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2354 In lond gersen sulen ȝe sundri riche ben. a1300Cursor M. 20202, I sal to þe a-postles weind onan, And sceu þam sundri an and an, Þat tai be her þe thrid dai. 1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 297 He..till gret lordis, ilkane syndri, Ordanit ane felde for thar herbry. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 29 Be thay disseuerit sindrie, midmorne was past. 1524St. Papers Hen. VIII, IV. 129 It may doo gret ewel to Me, and pwt the Kyng my son and Me syndry. 1538Starkey England (1878) 85 The fautys wych we schal fynde sundry in the partys. 1589A. Hume Poems (S.T.S.) 60 They..sundrie through the earth were driuen. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. ix. 48 These three in these three roomes did sundry dwell. 1829Hogg Sheph. Cal. I. i. 20 The herds, wha lived about three miles sindry.
†b. In detail. Obs. rare.
a1300Cursor M. 26609 Scrift agh be scire and sundri [v.r. sundre] tald.
2. Of a single object (or anything so considered): In or into pieces; to pieces; = asunder adv. 4.
1533Bellenden Livy i. xi. (S.T.S.) I. 63 How þe Veanis and fidenatis war discomfist, & mecius dictator drawin sindri for his demeritis. 1536― Cron. Scot. (1821) I. 231 Drawin sindry with wild hors. 1882Jamieson's Sc. Dict. s.v., The thing fell sindry in my han'. 1893F. Mackenzie Cruisie Sk. ii. (1894) 20 It will be an unco hard hoast that shak's ye sindry. |