| 释义 |
kemb, v. Obs. exc. dial.
Forms: α. 1 cemban, (cæmban), 3 kemben, 3–7 kembe, (6 kimbe), 6– kemb. pa. tense and pa. pple. 3–8 kembed, 3– kempt. β. 4 cemme, 6– 7 kemm, 9 kem. γ. 4–6 keme, (6 keame, keyme), 7 keem.
[Com. Teut.: OE. cęmban = OS. kembian, kemmian (MDu. kemmen), OHG. chempan (MHG. kemben, kemmen, G. kämmen), ON. kemba (Da. kæmme):—O.Teut. *kambjan, f. kamb- comb n.1 Now displaced by comb v.1 (f. the n.; cf. Du. kammen, Sw. kamma), but partly surviving in the pa. pple. kempt, and the commoner unkempt.
In ME. the vowel usually remained short, and the commonest spelling is kemb or kemm: forms indicating a long vowel are much less frequent. In later Sc. it is difficult to separate kemb or keme from kame = comb.]
1. trans. To disentangle and smooth (hair) by drawing a comb through it; to dress or trim (the hair, head, a person, etc.) with a comb; to curry (a horse): = comb v.1 1. Now dial.
αc1000ælfric Gram. xxviii. (Z.) 168 Pecto ic cembe [v.r. cæmbe]. a1225Ancr. R. 422 marg., Ha mot oftere weschen & kemben hire holuet. a1300Floriz & Bl. 562 Þat on his heued for to kembe Þat oþer bringe towaille and bacin. c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 1285 His longe heer was kembd [v.r. kemb, kempte] bihynde his bak. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 99 As she kembed her hede atte a wyndow, the kinge perceiued her. 1562W. Bullein Def. agst. Sickness, Bk. vse Sicke men 67 Then begin with a fine Combe, to kembe the heere up and doun. a1661Fuller Worthies iii. (1662) 228 Not able to kembe his own head. 1725Bailey Erasm. Colloq. 35 How often do you rub 'em down, or kemb them in a year? 1832Motherwell Poems (1847) 131 While kembing locks like sunbeams glancing. 1874Holland Mistr. Manse xvi. 64 Clean and kempt, the little oaf..went forth.
β13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 188 Þe mane of þat mayn hors..Wel cresped & cemmed. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) iv. 13 He sawe a damysell kemmand hir hare. 1508Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen 275 Weil couth I..kemm his cowit noddill. 1561Hollybush Hom. Apoth. 2 Strake or kemme the heyres. 1812W. Tennant Anster F. iv. lxxvi, The mermaids..kem..Their long sleek oozy locks.
γ1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. vi. vi. (Tollem. MS.), Whan þe modir wascheþ and kemeþ hem. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 45 This day we trow shalle not this lady be kemed, and arraied. 1557Seager Sch. Vertue 74 in Babees Bk. 338 Thy handes se thou washe, and thy hed keame [rime seame]. 1618Sir T. Wilson Jrnl. 21 Sept. (R. Suppl.), He [Raleigh] told me he was wont to keem his head a whole hour every day. 1639Horn & Rob. Gate Lang. Unl. liii. §586 The bush of haire..is keem'd with a combe. a1835Hogg Poems (1865) 33 (E.D.D.) They kemed her hair.
b. fig. To trim, make smooth or elegant.
c1386Chaucer Sqr.'s T. 552 So peynted he and kembde at point deuys As wel hise wordes as his contenaunce. c1391― Boeth. i. met. v. 14 (Camb. MS.) The fraude couered and kembd with a fals coloure.
c. humorously. To beat, thrash; = comb v.1 3.
c1566Merie T. in Skelton's Wks. (1843) I. p. lix, Hys wife woulde diuers tymes in the weeke kimbe his head with a iii. footed stoole. 1769Wallis Antiq. Nhb. in N. & Q. (1877) 5th S. VII. 208 Kemb, ..often used by borderers when they threaten in a passionate tone to beat an assailant.
†2. To prepare (wool, flax, etc.) for spinning by parting and straightening the fibres with wool-combs or cards; = comb v.1 2. Also absol. Obs.
a1300Sat. People Kildare xix. in E.E.P. (1862) 155 Fi a debles kaites that kemith the wolle. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. x. 18 Carded with coueytise, as clotheres kemben here wolle. 1393Ibid. C. x. 80 Boþe to karde and to kembe, to clouten and to wasche. 1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. ii. iv. ii. 66 Unwashed woalle..or towe wel kembed. 1627–77Feltham Resolves ii. lx. 285 We are like Flax that's dress'd, and dry'd, and kemb'd. 1715tr. Pancirollus' Rerum Mem. II. xxiv. 403 They were famous for kembing silken Fleeces.
†b. To tear or lacerate with a comb-like instrument. Obs.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xx. (Blasius) 187 [He] gert þame keme his tendir flesch with Irne camys. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 121 b/1 Thenne the bochyers toke combes of yron and began to kembe hym on the sides within the flesshe.
†3. to kemb from or off: to remove or obtain by means of combing, or by a similar process. Also with out. Cf. comb v.1 4. Obs.
1601Holland Pliny vi. xvii, They kembe from the leaves of their trees the hoarie downe thereof. 1605Camden Rem. (1637) 194 Sericum which was a doune kembed off the trees among the Seres. 1622Fletcher Beggar's Bush ii. i, No impositions, taxes, grievances..Lie lurking in this beard, but all kem'd out. 1626Bacon Sylva §617 There are some Tears of Trees, which are kembed from the Beards of Goats. |