| 释义 |
fanatic, a. and n.|fəˈnætɪk|
Forms: α. 6 fanatike, 6–8 -ick(e, 7 -ique, 7– fanatic. β. 6 phanatik, 6–8 ic(k, 7 -ique.
[ad. L. fānātic-us, f. fānum temple: see -atic. Cf. Fr. fanatique.]
A. adj.
†1.
a. Of an action or speech: Such as might result from possession by a deity or demon; frantic, furious. Of a person: Frenzied, mad. Obs.
1533Bellenden Livy iv. (1822) 356 This uncouth and terribil buschement..ruschit..with phanatik and wod cours on thare inemyis. c1534tr. Pol. Verg. Eng. Hist. (Camden) I. 71 Such fanatike and fond observations. 1626Minsheu Ductor (ed. 2), Fanatick, mad, franticke, also inspired with a prophetical furie. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1638) 221 Some think..the torryd Zone, the fierie sword; and such other fanatick fancies. 1641Baker Chron. 148 A fanatick fellow..gave forth, that himselfe was the true Edward. 1655–60Stanley Hist. Philos. (1701) 494/2 Persons Divinely inspired, and Fanatick. 1721–1800in Bailey.
b. Comb.
1603Chettle Eng. Mourn. Garment in Harl. Misc. (1793) 202 They are..proud, fanatick-spirited counterfeits. 1926W. J. Locke Stories Near & Far 225 A bearded, fanatic-eyed..figure. 1932W. Faulkner Light in August xx. 447 Fanaticfaced country preachers.
2. Of persons, their actions, attributes, etc.: Characterized, influenced, or prompted by excessive and mistaken enthusiasm, esp. in religious matters.
1647Clarendon Hist. Reb. iv. (1702) I. 266 The Lord Mayor..Opposing all their Fanatick humours..grew to be reckon'd in the First Form of the Malignants. 1659Bp. Walton Consid. Considered 169 Papists, Atheists, and fanatic persons. 1659–60Monk Sp. 6 Feb. in Wood Life (Oxf. Hist. Soc.) I. 303 Be careful neither the cavalier nor phanatique party have yet a share in your civil..power. a1680Butler Rem. (1759) I. 215 All our lunatic fanatic Sects. 1704Swift T. Tub i. 26 The two principal qualifications of a Phanatic Preacher are [etc.]. 1774Pennant Tour Scot. in 1772. 58 The cloisters..fell victims to fanatic fury. 1850W. Irving Mahomet x. (1853) 39 The Fanatic legions of the desert. 1883Manch. Exam. 30 Oct. 5/5 Banded..in fanatic and violent opposition to the measure.
B. n.
†1. A mad person. In later use: A religious maniac. Obs.
c1525Robin Hood 160 Fool, fanatick, baboon. 1655M. Casaubon Enthusiasme 7 One Orpheus, a mere fanatick. 1806Med. Jrnl. XV. 213 Dr. G[all] gave..hints how to treat fanatics, by using topical remedies and poultices.
2. a. A fanatic person; a visionary; an unreasoning enthusiast. Applied in the latter half of the 17th c. to Nonconformists as a hostile epithet.
1644Abp. Maxwell Sacrosancta Regum Majestas 44 Gratia gratum faciens, Saving Grace, as some fanatickes and fantastickes fondly imagine. 1657John Gaule Sapient. Justif. 11 Enthusiasts, Anabaptists, Fanaticks, and Familists. 1660Fuller Mixt. Contempl. (1841) 212 A new word coined, within few months, called fanatics..seemeth well..proportioned to signify..the sectaries of our age. 1660Pepys Diary 15 Apr., Since Lambert got out of the Tower, the Fanatiques had held up their heads high. 1709Evans in Hearne Collect. 10 Nov., D. Sacheverel..thunderd..against y⊇ phanaticks. 1780Harris Philol. Enq. (1841) 430 Henry the Fourth of France..was unexpectedly murdered by a wretched fanatic. 1859Kingsley Sir W. Raleigh I. 20 The man of one idea, who works at nothing but that..sacrifices everything to that; the fanatic in short. 1883Froude Short Stud. IV. iii. 269 The Jews..were troublesome fanatics whom it was equally difficult to govern or destroy.
b. A fanatical devotee of.
1790Burke Fr. Rev. Wks. V. 66 Those exploded fanaticks of slavery.
c. Comb.
1707E. Ward Hud. Rediv. (1715) II. ix, To show, tho' conquer'd, they abhor (Fanatick like) all sov'reign Pow'r. 1722Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) II. vii. 62 Robinson's mischievous intent to go a fanatick hunting.
Hence † faˈnaticness Obs., fanaticalness.
1662J. Sparrow tr. Behme's Rem. Wks., Complexions 17 Which is Phrenzie, Madnesse and Phanatiquenesse. 1665J. Sergeant Sure-Footing 108 The denying Tradition is a proper..disposition to Fanatickness. |