| 释义 |
fifteen, a. and n.|fɪfˈtiːn, ˈfɪftiːn|
Forms: 1 fíf-, fýfténe, -týne, 3–6 fif-, fyften(e, 3 south. vyftene, (3 fythtene), 3, 5 fiveten(e, 7–8 -een, 5–7 fyvetene, 6–7 fifteene, 9 Sc. feifteen, 6– fifteen.
[OE. fífténe, -týne corresponds to OFris. fîftîne, OS. fîftein (LG. föftein, Du. vijftien), OHG. fimf-zehen, finfzehan (MHG. vünf-, fünfzehen, mod.G. fünfzehn), ON. fimtán (Sw. femton, Da. femten), Goth. fimftaihun; f. OTeut. *fimfi five + *tehun ten: see -teen.]
The cardinal number composed of ten and five, represented by the symbols 15 or xv.
A. as adj.
1. In concord with n. expressed.
Beowulf 1582 (Gr.) He..sloh..fyftyne men. a1000Guthlac 908 (Gr.) He on westenne wiceard ᵹeceas fiftynu ᵹear. c1160Hatton Gosp. John xi. 18 Ofer fyftena furlenga. c1250Gen. & Ex. 415 For fiftene ȝer hadde adam; ðan caim of eue cam. 1297R. Glouc. (1724) 416 A..comete..hym ssewede vyftene nyȝt ywys. a1300Cursor M. 27737 (Cott.) Þir ar þe springes o wreth fythtene. 1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 4564 Aftir þair dede..Anticrist sal regne, yhit fiften days. a1400Prymer (1891) 59 Heere bygynneth the fyftene psalmes. 1548Forrest Pleas. Poesye 472 The beste ffyuetene shealinges not surmowntinge. 1602Warner Alb. Eng. xi. lxii. 272 Saint Nicholas Bay..fifteene hundred Miles from Mosco is away. 1647Fuller Good Th. in Worse T. (1841) 92 An agitation..to bring down jubilees to fifteen, twelve, or ten years. 1766Pennant Zool. (1768) II. 235 Taken in clap-nets of fiveteen yards length. 1819Shelley Peter Bell vii. 23 For fifteen months. 1883Stevenson Treas. Isl. i. i, Fifteen men on the dead man's chest.
2. With ellipsis of n., which may usually be supplied from context. the Fifteen: the Court of Session (formerly) consisting of fifteen Judges. Also, the first Jacobite rising (in the year 1715).
c1050Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia VIII. 303 Gif þær synt fiftene to lafe todælað þa eall swa þa oðre. a1300Cursor M. 8863 (Cott.) Þis temple..of heght it had fiften [eln]. 1660Sir B. Ruddier Poems 83 Give me a Virgin of Fifteen. 1712–4Pope Rape Lock iv. 58 Hail, wayward Queen! Who rule the sex to fifty from fifteen. 1769Dublin Mercury 16–19 Sept. 2/2 A Black Gelding..about fifteen high. a1797H. Walpole Mem. Geo. II, I. 266 A man engaged in the former rebellion or as the Scotch call it in the Fifteen. 1814Scott Wav. lxiv, ‘Ye were just as ill aff in the feifteen.’ 1815― Guy M. xxxviii, ‘A man's aye the better thought o' in our country for having been afore the feifteen.’ 1842J. W. Orderson Creol. viii. 75 From adolescent fifteen..to mature twenty-five.
†3. = fifteenth a. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce ii. 17 On the fyften day. c1430Freemasonry 251 The fyftene artycul maketh an ende, For to the mayster he ys a frende. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. cxxv. [cxxi.] 356 To be at Hamton the fyftene day of May. 1598R. Grenewey Tacitus' Ann. vi. vi. (1622) 130 The fifteene Kalends of Nouember. 1623Bill of Compl. in N. Shaks. Soc. Trans. (1885) 498 In the fifteene yeare of his Mati⊇s raigne.
B. as n.
1. Eng. Hist. = fifteenth n. 1. Obs.
1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 480 In this yere also the Kynge helde his parlyament..in the whiche was graunted vnto hym thre fyftenys. 1540Nottingham Rec. III. 379 To Master Meyre in money to make owte the Fyften v.li. 1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, iv. vii. 23. 1643 Prynne Sov. Power Parl. i. (ed. 2) 23 Both the Houses gave halfe a tenth and halfe a fifteene, to be disposed of as the Lords thought fit, for the defence of the Realme.
2. A set of fifteen persons or things:
a. A set of fifteen players forming a ‘side’ at Rugby football.
1878Cliftonian Apr. 232 No O.C. has ever complained of difficulty in accommodating himself to the fifteen game. Ibid. 233 There will..be some competition to get into the fifteen. 1880Times 12 Nov. 4/4 The two Universities..always place strong fifteens in the field. 1890Daily News 4 Dec. 2/5 The visitors brought a powerful fifteen, and secured the victory after a splendid game.
†b. (see quot.) Obs.
1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 231/2 A pair of Beads called Fifteens, containing fifteen Pater Nosters and 150 Aves.
c. Cribbage. An exact sum of fifteen pips counted on two or more cards, a court card reckoning as 10.
1674Cotton Compl. Gamester ix. 108 That makes you six Games, because there is two fifteens and a pair. 1830Hoyle made familiar 58 They neither form a pair, a fifteen, a sequence nor a flush.
3. a. A game at cards: see quot.
1884Daily News 13 Feb. 5/6 During a game of fifteen, a species of poker, several cards were marked.
C. Comb., as fifteen-spined adj.; fifteen-pounder, a gun throwing a shot that weighs fifteen pounds; fifteen-shilling a., worth fifteen shillings.
1684J. Peter Siege Vienna 109 *Fifteen pounders.
1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. 698 The ministers..resolved to issue..*fifteenshilling bills, for the payment of the troops.
1832Johnston in Proc. Berw. Nat. Club I. 7 The *fifteen-spined stickleback.
▸ fifteen minutes n. (also fifteen minutes of fame) after famous for fifteen minutes at famous adj. Additions a brief period of fame or notoriety.
1979Washington Post Mag. 8 July 9/1 ‘Like if I didn't break the world record, people thought I had a bad meet.’ Nehemiah doesn't want Warhol's 15 minutes of fame to go away. 1989D. Bowie & R. Gabrels I can't Read (song) in Tin Machine (CD sleeve-notes) When you see a famous smile No matter where you run your mile To be right in that photograph Andy where's my fifteen minutes. 1996Guardian 7 May i. 7/3 The people of La Iglesuela del Cid, a hamlet in the remote Spanish region of Teruel, had been revelling in their fifteen minutes of fame. But they watched in despair yesterday as the American actress Faye Dunaway was forced by a bishop to leave. 2001P. Marber Howard Katz i. 61 Hideous, hideous egos—all of them—monsters—kicking and screaming for their ‘fifteen minutes’—and on top of that I'm brown-nosing the press. |