| 释义 |
filiation|fɪlɪˈeɪʃən|
Also 6 filiacion.
[a. F. filiation, ad. med.L. fīliātiōn-em, n. of action f. fīliāre, recorded in sense ‘to give birth to’, f. L. fili-us son.]
1. Theol. The process of becoming, or the condition of being, a son.
Many Dicts. have a sense ‘adoption as a son’, illustrated by the first of our quots. from Donne. The sense is etymologically justifiable, and may probably exist; but quot. 1628 seems to show that it was not intended by Donne.
a1529Skelton Prayers, To the Father 18 The only Sonne of God by filiacion. 1628Donne Serm. vi. (1640) 56 God hath forgot all these paternities, all these filiations..all these inviscerations of Israel into his owne bosome. Ibid. 57 God shall forget his former Paternities and our former Filiations. 1720Waterland Eight Serm. 155 Those Expressions of Image, or Form of God, relate to Christ's Sonship or Filiation. 1893Fairbairn Christ in Mod. Theol. 491 Continuous incarnation is progressive filiation.
2. The designating (of a person) as a son; ascription of sonship.
1659Pearson Creed (1741) 105 After our Saviour's nomination immediately followeth his filiation.
3. The fact of being the child of a specified parent. Also, a person's parentage; ‘whose son one is’.
1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xix. §4 Yee be borne within this Land..and all the three Estates of the Land haue..knowledge of your birth and filiation aforesaid. 1799Malone in Boswell's Johnson an. 1744, Mr. Cust's reasoning, with respect to the filiation of Richard Savage. 1855H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (1872) II. viii. v. 569 Where the monogamous relation makes filiation clear.
4. The fact of being descended or derived, or of originating from; descent, transmission from.
1799Kirwan Geol. Ess. 323 The resemblance..by no means evinces the filiation of the latter from the former. 1850Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) I. Pref. 13 The..institutions of modern Europe are derived by more direct filiation from those of Rome. 1874Mahaffy Soc. Life Greece vii. 199 The filiation of Aristophanes' comedies from these choruses.
5. The relation of one thing to another from which it may be said to be descended or derived; position in a genealogical classification.
1794Kirwan Min. I. p. xv, The intricate filiation and connection of these productions. 1859Darwin Orig. Spec. xiv. (1873) 371 And would give the filiation and origin of each tongue. 1864H. Spencer Illustr. Univ. Progr. 131 This he asserts to be the true filiation of the sciences.
6. Formation of branches or offshoots; chiefly concr., a branch or offshoot of a society or language.
1777W. Dalrymple Trav. Sp. & Port. 110 The order of Alcantara was instituted a filiation of Calatrava. 1814Berington Lit. Hist. Mid. Ages v. (1846) 231 The northern dialects..were filiations from one Common Stock. 1832Blackw. Mag. XXXI. 65 The democratical party, with their numerous filiations, in the towns. 1890J. T. Fowler Cistercian Statutes 5 That great system of filiation and visitation which went so far to make up what has been called the ‘Cistercian idea’.
7. = affiliation 3. lit. and fig.
1561in Child-Marriages (E.E.T.S.) 86 Margaret Wilkinson came to the Vicar of Budworth with a filiacion. 1839Ld. Brougham Statesm. Geo. III (ed. 2) 60 A mandamus to the Justices to make an order of filiation upon a foreign ambassador's secretary.
fig.1791Boswell Johnson an. 1761, The filiation of a literary performance is difficult of proof. 1887Saintsbury Hist. Elizab. Lit. xxii. (1890) 448 The direct filiation of euphuism on Spanish originals is no doubt erroneous. |