| 释义 |
procedure|prəʊˈsiːdjʊə(r)|
Also 7 procedour, -or, 8–9 proceedure.
[a. F. procédure (1197 in Godef. Compl.), f. procéder to proceed: see -ure.]
1. a. The fact or manner of proceeding with any action, or in any circumstance or situation; a system of proceeding; proceeding, in reference to its mode or method; conduct, behaviour.
1611Cotgr., Procedure, a procedure; a course, or proceeding. 1660Sharrock Vegetables 21 The best husbandry..has been in Staffordshire, where this procedure is general. 1671R. MacWard True Nonconf. 406 Their summare manner of procedor. 1774M. Mackenzie Maritime Surv. ii. 65 Of the Procedure and Operations in surveying Sea⁓coasts, according to their various Circumstances. 1828Whately Rhet. in Encycl. Metrop. I. 293/1 This is precisely the procedure which, in Elocution, we deprecate. 1850Grote Greece ii. lxii. VIII. 3 Tasting the difference between Spartan and Athenian procedure.
b. With a and pl. A particular action or course of action, a proceeding; a particular mode of action.
a1677Hale Prim. Orig. Man. i. i. 28 Many times the distinction of these several procedures of the Soul do not always appear distinct. 1686Cotton tr. Montaigne (1877) I. 25 This was, indeed, a procedure truly Roman. a1770Jortin Serm. (1771) V. ii. 30 note, Cicero justifies such procedures. 1812Woodhouse Astron. xxix. 290 We may adopt a contrary procedure. 1872Geo. Eliot Middlem. lxxi, He won his fortune by dishonest procedures.
c. spec. Legal action or proceeding; the steps taken in a legal action, collectively; the mode or form of conducting judicial proceedings (as distinguished from those branches of the law which define rights or prescribe penalties).
1676G. Towerson Decalogue 486 The manner of the Jews procedure in their several courts of judicature. 1687Royal Let. to Privy Counc. Scot. 12 Feb. in Lond. Gaz. No. 2221/2 If any shall be so bold as to shew any dislike of this Our Procedour. 1728Lardner Wks. (1838) I. 67 The treatment of Paul in Judea, so far as there is any appearance of a legal procedure. 1817Jas. Mill Brit. India I. iii. v. 641 The system of procedure; or the round of operations through which the judicial services—inquiry, sentence, and enforcement—are rendered. 1860Sat. Rev. IX. 189/1 The blending of native consuetudinary law and English civil and criminal procedure in the administration of justice.
d. The mode of conducting business in Parliament.
1839Carlyle Chartism i. (1858) 5 To a remote observer of Parliamentary procedure it seems surprising..to see what space this question occupies in the Debates of the Nation. 1863H. Cox Instit. i. ix. 136 The Standing Orders are rules and forms of procedure which have been adopted as they were found necessary from time to time. 1878Stubbs Const. Hist. III. xx. 375 The rules and forms of parliamentary procedure.
e. Computers. A set of instructions for performing a specific task.
1946Ann. Computation Lab. Harvard Univ. I. iv. 98 There are many coding routines..which occur so frequently as to make standard coding procedures of real value. This chapter includes..certain of the longer procedures. 1954IRE Trans. Electronic Computers III. 15/1 Specialized procedures, formed from combinations of basic procedures,..are needed to achieve higher speeds of operation for special purposes. 1965Data Processor Oct. 22/3 A procedure is a block of instructions designed to perform a specific function such as the calculation of overtime pay in a payroll application... Procedures share common elements with different programs. Seldom-used procedures can be held in auxiliary storage and called into the main storage only when required. 1970O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing xix. 315 Sub⁓routines are called procedures in Algol. A number of standard functions are obligatory among these procedures,..but in addition to these the programmer may write his own procedures.
†2.
a. The going on or continuance of an action or process; progress, course. Obs.
1644[Howell] Merc. Hibernicus 1 Whether one cast his eyes upon the beginning and procedure of the warre..or upon the late Cessation. 1703Moxon Mech. Exerc. 253 The hindrance of the Procedure of the Work. a1716South Serm. (1717) VI. 427 The Confidence reposed by Men in their own Hearts will in the Procedure of this Discourse appear to be inexcusably foolish.
b. The action of proceeding or going on to something. Obs. rare.
1663Owen Vind. Animadv. Wks. 1851 XIV. 426 Your next procedure is to your discourse of figures or images and my animadversions upon it.
3. a. The fact of proceeding or issuing from a source; origination. rare.
1651C. Cartwright Cert. Relig. i. 37 You will say, your Religion is as ancient as ours; having its procedure from Christ. 1865Ginsburg in L'pool Lit. & Philos. Soc. Proc. XIX. 185 The procedure of multifariousness from an absolute unity.
†b. concr. Something that proceeds, issues, or is derived from something else; proceeds, produce. Obs.
1614T. Gentleman Way to Wealth 6 They..returne for the procedure of fish and herrings, the fore-named commodities. 1626Bacon Sylva §550 There is not any known Substance, but Earth, and the Procedure of Earth (as Tile, Stone, &c.) that yeeldeth any Moss or Herby Substance. |