| 释义 |
generalization|ˌdʒɛnərəlaɪˈzeɪʃən|
[f. generalize v. + -ation. Cf. F. généralisation.]
1. The action or process of generalizing, i.e. of forming, and expressing in words, general notions or propositions obtained from the observation and comparison of individual facts or appearances; also, an instance of this.
1761Adam Smith Form Lang. Ess. (1869) 310 The original invention of such words would require a yet greater effort of abstraction, and generalization, than that of nouns adjective. 1794J. Hutton Philos. Light, etc. 234 Here then is a generalisation of many facts respecting light and heat. 1825Macaulay Ess., Milton (1887) 3 Generalization is necessary to the advancement of knowledge. 1836–7Sir W. Hamilton Metaph. xxxv. (1870) II. 294 Generalisation is the process through which we obtain what are called general or universal notions. 1860Tyndall Glac. ii. vii. 257 With that wonderful power of generalization which belonged to him [Newton]. 1874Sayce Compar. Philol. i. 4 Ready conclusions and rapid generalisations are wanted. 1876Tait Rec. Adv. Phys. Sci. iii. (ed. 2) 60 Hasty generalization is the bane of all science.
2. quasi-concr. A result of this process; a general inference.
1794G. Adams Nat. & Exp. Philos. IV. li. 409 All physical laws, not excepting even those of gravity, are only generalisations. 1804W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. II. 254 His generalizations, or theoretical inferences, are numerous and very ingenious. 1830Lyell Princ. Geol. (1875) II. iii. xxxv. 275 He availed himself of the generalizations of paleontologists. 1840Mill Diss. & Disc. (1875) I. 404 All knowledge consists of generalizations. 1876Mozley Univ. Serm. v. 108 The impalpable generalisation of the nation..disperses itself in the air, and defies our grasp. 1885F. Temple Relat. Relig. & Sci. i. 9 The doctrine..had been a fair generalization and expression of the facts.
3. The process of becoming general, or spreading over every part.
1897Allbutt Syst. Med. III. 71 The generalisation of an infective disease which in most instances remains localised may be due..to the dissemination of the specific organism. |