| 释义 |
tympanic, a. (n.)|tɪmˈpænɪk|
[f. as tympanal + -ic; cf. Gr. τυµπανικός suffering from tympanites. So F. tympanique, Pg. tymp-, Sp. timpanico.]
1. Anat. and Zool. Of, pertaining to, or connected with the tympanum, or drum of the ear (as tympanic artery, tympanic bulla, tympanic cavity, tympanic membrane, tympanic muscle, tympanic nerve, tympanic ossicle, etc.); of the nature of a tympanum.
tympanic bone, in mammals, a bone of annular to tubular form supporting the tympanic membrane and surrounding the external auditory meatus (in the adult forming part of the temporal bone); in lower vertebrates, one of several bones variously supposed to be homologous with this, esp. the quadrate bone, which supports the lower jaw. tympanic pedicle, the slender bone or series of bones by which the lower jaw is suspended in fishes. tympanic plate, tympanic ring, the tympanic bone of mammals.
1808Med. Jrnl. XIX. 410 Other branches of the same nerve which supply the tympanic muscles. 1840E. Wilson Anat. Vade M. (1842) 277 The Tympanic branch [of the glossopharyngeal nerve] is small. 1849Lyell 2nd Visit U.S. (1850) II. 75 The convoluted tympanic bones..characteristic of cetaceans. 1851Richardson Geol. viii. (1855) 308 The lower jaw is articulated to a tympanic bone as in reptiles. 1851Carpenter Princ. Physiol. §825 The purpose of this Tympanic apparatus is..to receive the sonorous vibrations from the air, and to transmit them to the membranous wall of the labyrinth. 1860Tyndall Glac. 225 These aërial waves enter the external ear, meet..the so-called tympanic membrane. 1860Mayne Expos. Lex., Tympanic Pedicle,..the large and long pedicle which supports the mandible in fishes,..subdivided into sometimes two or three, and commonly into four pieces. 1876Nature 20 July 253/2 Sawing out the temporal bone,..and exposing the tympanic bulla. 1893Newton Dict. Birds 180 The quadrate bone..in Mammals..is reduced and modified into the comparatively insignificant tympanic ring.
b. as n. Short for tympanic bone.
1851Richardson Geol. (1855) 287 The lower jaw..is articulated to the upper jaw by a distinct bone (the tympanic). 1881Mivart Cat 65 Between the anterior end of the tympanic and the post-glenoid process is a narrow chink..which transmits the chorda tympani nerve.
2. Pertaining to or resembling a drum; in Path. tympanitic.
1891Cent. Dict. s.v., Tympanic resonance, typanitic resonance.
3. Arch. Pertaining to a tympanum.
1909Spectator 6 Nov. Suppl. 713/1 The ‘Doom’ often vividly depicted on the tympanic background, and the Saviour upon the cross in connexion with it. |