| 释义 |
Hooke|hʊk|
The name of Robert Hooke (1635–1703), English inventor and natural philosopher, used, chiefly in the possessive, to designate his discoveries and inventions, as Hooke('s) coupling, a Hooke's joint; Hooke's law, the law, valid within the limits of elasticity, that the strain produced by a stress of any one kind is proportional to that stress; Hooke's (universal) joint, a kind of universal joint for transmitting rotary motion from one shaft to another.
1825J. Nicholson Oper. Mech. 32 Hooke's universal joints are sometimes used to communicate motion obliquely. 1853Trans. R. Soc. Edin. XX. 93 The fundamental assumption from which the following equations are deduced is an extension of Hooke's law. 1883Encycl. Brit. XV. 762/2 Two Hooke's couplings. 1906A. E. H. Love Treat. Math. Theory Elasticity (ed. 2) iv. 110 Many materials used in engineering structures, e.g. cast iron, building stone, cement, do not obey Hooke's Law for any strains that are large enough to be observed. 1930Engineering 31 Jan. 134/1 A Hooke's joint is provided to allow for the vertical motion of the [gear] boxes. 1959C. E. Pearson Theor. Elasticity v. 83 The familiar Hooke's-law experiment in which a metal wire is stretched by a tensile load. 1968R. H. Bacon Car xx. 268 Most universal joints are based on the Hooke coupling.
Hence Hookean, hookean |ˈhʊkɪən| a. [-an], obeying Hooke's law; linearly elastic.
1956J. C. Jaeger Elasticity, Fracture & Flow ii. 99 (heading) The perfectly elastic or ‘Hookean’ substance. 1960McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. X. 476/2 On extension of polymeric materials, both rubberlike and Hookean elasticity may be present. 1968C. G. Kuper Introd. Theory Superconductivity ix. 146 The elastic vibrations of a lattice of discrete point masses, coupled by Hookean springs. 1972Physics Bull. Nov. 651/3 For most practical purposes alkali silicate glasses are hookean solids exhibiting a linear stress-strain curve to fracture. |