| 释义 |
▪ I. insulate, a. Now rare.|ˈɪnsjʊlət|
[ad. L. insulāt-us, f. insula island: see -ate2 2. Cf. F. insulé (Littré).]
Detached, isolated, insulated; spec.: see quot. 1826.
1712J. James tr. Le Blond's Gardening 166 Trees that are insulate or detached..so as you may walk round about them. 1723Chambers tr. Le Clerc's Treat. Archit. I. 110 An Order of Insulate Columns with a Corridor..behind. 1803J. Kenny Society 73 Man, mere man, bare, insulate, unknown. 1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. IV. 340 Nervures..Insulate, discoidal nervures that are entirely unconnected with any others, or with the base of the wing.
▪ II. insulate, v.|ˈɪnsjʊleɪt|
[f. L. insula island + -ate3, or insulāt-us adj. (see prec.). The verb *insulāre is not recorded in late or med.L., but may have existed in the latter or in Renascence L.; the corresp. It. isolāre ‘to reduce into an island’ (Florio) is known in 16th c.]
1. trans. To make into an island by surrounding with water; to convert into an island.
1538Leland Itin. I. 5 The Ryver of Avon so windeth aboute Oundale Toune that it almost insulatithe it, savyng a litle by West North West. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. i. 586 Trent..turneth aside his streame Northward..and so almost insulateth or encompasseth Burton. 1774Pennant Tour Scotl. in 1772, 56 The river..forming two branches, and insulating the ground. 1851D. Wilson Preh. Ann. (1863) I. i. 32 Ere Britain had been insulated from the continent.
2. transf. and fig. To cause (a thing, person, etc.) to stand detached from its surroundings; to separate or detach from its fellows or the rest; to set or place apart; to isolate.
1785in Picton L'pool Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 258 It would greatly tend..to the ornament..of this town if the Exchange was insulated. 1786Jefferson Writ. (1859) II. 39 To insulate ourselves, to retire from all aid, and to wrap ourselves in the mantle of self-sufficiency. 1809Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1837) IV. 444 If General Cuesta and Venegas leave Madrid upon their left, I must march by the Escurial, or insulate myself entirely from them. 1809–10Coleridge Friend (1818) III. 90 Tendency to individualize, embody, insulate. 1833H. Martineau Three Ages iii. 95 Thrown into an atmosphere of corruption for want of room to insulate him. 1849Murchison Siluria iii. (1867) 53 The black schists of this age are there insulated by a powerful dislocation. 1854H. Rogers Ess. II. i. 64 By insulating it from its context.
3. Electr. and Heat. To cut off or isolate from conducting bodies by the interposition of non-conductors, so as to prevent the passage of electricity or heat. Also (Acoustics) used with reference to sound.
1742J. T. Desaguliers Diss. Electr. 2 They must be insulated, that is, they must not be suspended from..any Bodies but what are Electricks per se. 1755B. Martin Mag. Arts & Sc. iii. vii. 325 His Apparatus was perfectly insulated [mispr. insurated] (or suspended) by silken Strings, and had no Communication with the Earth. 1816J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art II. 203 A person is equally insulated when he stands upon a stool with glass legs, or is suspended by silken cords from a ceiling. 1827Faraday Chem. Manip. xxiv. 631 Insulate the substances whose electricity is to be examined. 1870Pope Electr. Tel. i. (1872) 20 The cells of a battery should always be thoroughly insulated from each other. 1927Davis & Kaye Acoustics of Buildings ix. 178 The practice rooms have been so satisfactorily insulated, that it is impossible to hear any sound either through the floors or the partitions. 1955Oxf. Jun. Encycl. XI. 175/2 The need for insulating floors against noise has long been understood.
†4. Chem. and Phys. To free from combination with other elements; to isolate. Obs.
1830Herschel Stud. Nat. Phil. 92 We are sometimes compelled to acknowledge the existence of elements different from those already..known, though we cannot insulate them. 1834M. Somerville Connex. Phys. Sc. xix. (1849) 178 He insulated each coloured ray, and finding that it was no longer capable of decomposition [etc.]. |