| 释义 |
-istic
double suffix of adjs. and ns., corresp. to F. -istique, L. -isticus, Gr. -ιστικός, viz. the suffix -ικ-ός, -ic, added to ns. in -ιστ-ής, -ist; e.g. σοϕιστικ-ός of, pertaining to, or like a sophist, sophistic; but also used where there is a vb. in -ίζειν (-ize), or n. in -ισµός (-ism), and no n. in -ιστής, as in χαρακτηριστικός characteristic. Not frequent in Gr.; but more numerous in med.L. and mod. langs.; and, in Eng., supplying a derivative adj. to many ns. in -ist: e.g. altruistic, antagonistic, atheistic, Calvinistic, deistic, egotistic, evangelistic, Hellenistic, idealistic, realistic, socialistic, etc. In many cases the adj. serves also to express the quality of the n. in -ism, e.g. atheistic, of or pertaining to an atheist, or to atheism; hence it may be found in cases where a n. in -ism, but none in -ist, is in use. It is rarely found with the ns. in -ist in groups 2, 4, 4 b, or with those formed from proper names in 3.
Words in -istic are essentially adj., but like other adjs. in -ic, they are sometimes used as ns. Like other adjs. in -ic also, they sometimes have a secondary form in -istical, e.g. casuistical, deistical, egotistical, sophistical, etc., and on this type their adverbs are formed in -istically, as Calvinistically, characteristically, Hellenistically, sophistically. Some words in -istic originate verbs in -isticate, e.g. sophisticate. |