| 释义 |
‖ Mishnah, Mishna|ˈmɪʃnə|
Also 7–8 misna, mischna, (pl. mischnaios).
[post-Biblical Heb. mishnāh, pl. mishnōth and mishnāyōth (1) repetition, (2) instruction, f. shānāh to repeat, in post-Biblical Heb. to teach or learn (oral tradition).]
The collection of binding precepts or halakhoth (see Halachah) which forms the basis of the Talmud and embodies the contents of the oral law. Also, a paragraph of the mishnah.
1610T. Fitzherbert Policy & Relig. ii. xiv. 191 The first collection was made by Iudas, the sonne of Simon,..and this was called Misna. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 169 The Mischnaios, and Gemara made vp the whole Talmud. Ibid. 170 Their Mischna or Talmud text. 1723Mather Vindic. Bible 300 The Jews affirm that the most remarkable copies of the Mischna, written in the second age after Christ, were marked with points. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) II. 673 Drawn from the Fathers, the Councils, or the Mishna. 1867Chamb. Encycl. IX. 281/1, 524 chapters (Perakim), which contain the single Mishnas. 1883Encycl. Brit. XVI. 503/2 A mishnah, if genuine, never begins with a passage of the Pentateuch.
Hence Mishnic, -ical |ˈmɪʃnɪk, -ɪkəl|, also Mishnaic |mɪʃˈneɪɪk|, † ˈMisniac, -acal adjs., pertaining or relating to, characteristic of, the mishnah.
1718Prideaux Old & New Test. ii. ii. 67 The Tanaim or the Mishnical doctors. 1723Mather Vindic. Bible 301 Ephodeus assures us that all the ancient Misniack books were pointed. Ibid. 362 After these let the Misniacal Doctors be considered. 1867Chamb. Encycl. IX. 281/1 The individual enactments of the Mishnic doctors. 1898Expositor July 77 Very late Biblical or even Mishnic Hebrew. 1878Encycl. Brit. VIII. 561/1 The Mishnaic usage. 1953Jrnl. Theol. Stud. IV. 7 St. Mark is an apocalyptic, St. Matthew is a mishnaic writer. 1973Jewish Chron. 2 Feb. 22/4 The Amoraim (‘interpreters’), the post-Mishnaic teachers in the great schools of Palestine..and Babylon. |