| 释义 |
† pompelmoose, pampelmouse|ˈpɒmp-, ˈpæmp(ə)lmuːs|
Forms: 7–8 pompelmoes, 7 pampelimouse, 8 pomplemose, pumplemus, 8–9 pompelmoose, 9 pompel-mos, pompelmousse, -mouse, -mous; pumple-, pamplemousse, pampelmouse; also 7–9 pumplenose, 8 pumble-, pummel-, pimple-nose.
[A name which arose in the Dutch Indies in 17th c., and is given by early writers as the Dutch name of the fruit. Du. pompelmoes is recorded from 1676; F. pampelimouse (now pamplemousse) from 1696.
There is no native name in Malaysia resembling pompelmoes; the Javanese name is djeroek, the Chinese yu. In the opinion of Dr. Kern of Leiden, who has given special attention to oriental words, this is a compound, of which the second element is prob. limoes (in Fr. orthography limousse), a name applied to this fruit in Old Javanese, Malay, and Lampung, borrowed from the Pg. limoes pl. of limão, lemon, citron, under which the Portuguese included the species of Citrus found by them in the East. In Malay, limu or limau is still used in this general sense. The first element may prob. represent the Du. pompoen pumpkin, in reference to the large size of Citrus decumana, so that pompelimoes, pompelmoes may have been compressed forms of pompoenlimoes, i.e. ‘pumpkin-like citron’, an apt descriptive designation. The name pompone was actually applied to the fruit by Tavernier, Voyages aux Indes, Paris 1676, Eng. translation, London 1677: see pompion 2. The corrupt Tamil bambolmas, given by Littré and Hatz.-Darm. as source of the Fr., with the more correct Tamil pampalimāsu, and numerous variants cited by Watson, Yule, etc., are merely corruptions of the Du. or Fr. form. The fruit is not native to India, but was introduced from Java (app. in the 17th c.), in Ceylon under its Dutch name; in Bengal its source is indicated by the designation Batavī-nīmbū or nebū, Batavian Citron.]
The large fruit of Citrus decumana, a native of Java and Malaysia, now established in many tropical countries, called also shaddock; esp. the larger variety: cf pomelo. Also the plant itself.
[1676Schouten Oost-Indische Voy. II. 165 De vrucht by de Nederlanders pompelmoes, en by de Portuguesen jamboa genoemt, i.e. The fruit named by the Dutch pompelmoes, and by the Portuguese jamboa.] 1696Sloane Catal. Plant. Jamaica 212 Malus arantia, fructu rotundo maximo pallescente humanum caput excedente. Malus Arantia Indica, fructu omnium maximo, pumpelmus dicto medulla pallescente... The Shaddock Tree. In hortis & agris Insularum Jamaicæ & Barbados ubique provenit. 1696Plukenet Almag. 239 in Sloane Voy. Jamaica I. 41 Belgis orientalibus Pompelmus, Virginiensibus nostratibus (ab Inventoris nomine qui ex Ind. orient. ad oras Americanas primo transtulit) Shaddocks audiunt. 1697Phil. Trans. XIX. 587 They have Limons, Citrons, Pampelimouses, Limes. 1699W. Dampier Voy. II. i. vii. 125 The Pumple-nose is a large Fruit like a Citron, with a very thick tender uneven rind. a1706Rumphius Herbarium Amboin. (1741) II. 96 Limo Decumanus, Pompelmoes, Lemon Cassomba quam ob ejus magnitudinem Decumanam cognovimus. 1711C. Lockyer Trade in India vi. 177 The Pumplemus is like a pale Orange, contains a Substance much like it, and is five times as big. 1737tr. Bruyn's Trav. II. lxv. 92 Two large Pompelmoeses. 1770Cook's Voy. Dec. in Hawkesworth's Voy. (1773) III. 734 Pumplemoeses, which in the West Indies are called Shaddocks. These were well flavoured, but not juicy. 1773E. Ives Voy. India 468 Chaddock..the fruit..grows as large as a man's head, and is round; it is a fine pleasant fruit,..there are plenty of them at Ceylon and other places, and they commonly are called pumple or pimple-noses. 1792Forrest Voy. Mergui Archip. 32 In his garden we found limes, oranges and pummel noses. 1794Gentl. Mag. LXIV. ii. 811/2 The woods of Leuconia produce the pomplemous, a kind of orange near five inches in diameter... This is what our sailors commonly call the pumblenose. 1813M. Graham Jrnl. India 96 The fruits are..the pamplemousse or shaddock, the plantain and the orange. 1846Lindley Veg. Kingd. 458 The Orange, Lemon, Lime, Shaddock, Pompelmoose, Forbidden Fruit, and Citron, Indian fruits. |