| 释义 |
perfoliate, a. Bot. and Entom.|pəˈfəʊlɪət|
[ad. mod.L. perfoliāt-us (f. per- 1 + foli-um leaf: see -ate2 2), used in 16th c. in Perfoliata, name of the plant Bupleurum rotundifolium.
1548Turner Names of Herbes (1881) 85 Perfoliata is an herbe... The Germans cal it Durchwassz. It maye be called in englishe Thorowwax, because the stalke waxeth thorowe the leaues. 1611Cotgr., Perfoliate [Fr.], Through-wax, through-leafe (an hearbe). 1706Phillips, Perfoliata, (Lat.) the Herb Thorough-Wax. ]
1. Bot. Having the stalk apparently passing through the leaf, the result of a congenital union of the edges of the basal lobes round the stem. Said orig. of a plant and its stalk; in later use transf. of the leaf.
1687Clayton in Phil. Trans. (1739) XLI. 150 This Plant has several woody Stalks,..as I remember, perfoliat. 1785Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xix. (1794) 260 Known by its yellow corollas and upright smooth perfoliate stalks. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp. s.v. Leaf, Perfoliate leaf, that whose disk is pierced by the stalk. 1845Lindley Sch. Bot. vi. (1858) 77 Leaves..perfoliate. 1859W. S. Coleman Woodlands (1862) 131 The Perfoliate Honeysuckle. 1880Gray Struct. Bot. (ed. 6) 107 It is the stem which is literally perfoliate, i.e. which seemingly passes through the leaf; but it is customary, though etymologically absurd, to call this a perfoliate leaf!
2. Ent. Of antennæ: Having the joints dilated or expanded laterally all round, so as to appear like a series of round plates pierced by a shaft or stem. Also perˈfoliated.
1752J. Hill Hist. Anim. 52 The Dytiscus, with brown, perfoliated antennæ. The great Water Beetle. 1819G. Samouelle Entomol. Compend. 166 Perfoliate club of antennæ. 1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. IV. xlvi. 323 Perfoliate Knob. 1828Stark Elem. Nat. Hist. II. 261 Antennæ..with the first three joints longer than the following, perfoliated, the last elongated and conical. |