| 释义 |
ˌphotoreˈduction
Also with hyphen.
[f. photo- 3 + reduction.]
1. Chemical reduction effected by light; in Bot., such a reduction of carbon dioxide in which water is formed (rather than oxygen, as in ordinary photosynthesis).
1888Meldola Chem. Photogr. (1889) 24 Photo-reduction may mean either a liberation of oxygen or of some other negative element, such as chlorine. 1939Jrnl. Cellular & Compar. Physiol. XIII. 333 For the photo-reduction of one mole of carbon dioxide in the photosynthetic purple bacteria Streptococcus varians at high light intensity 2·6 moles of gaseous hydrogen are used. 1940H. Gaffron in Amer. Jrnl. Bot. XXVII. 282/2 Such a..conception of photosynthesis in green plants and bacteria allows us to group the light metabolism of the bacteria and the ‘anaerobic light respiration’ of the plants under one term: ‘anaerobic photosynthesis’ or, shorter, ‘photoreduction’. This leaves ‘aerobic photosynthesis’ or ‘photosynthesis’ proper for the assimilation of carbon dioxide with the liberation of molecular oxygen. 1957Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LXXIX. 294/1 Acriflavine and fluorescein-type dyes in solution undergo photoreduction in the presence of mild reducing agents. 1970C. A. Price Molec. Approaches to Plant Physiol. ii. 115 A number of algae show ‘photoreduction’,..in which no O2 is evolved. 1972DePuy & Chapman Molec. Reactions & Photochem. iv. 48 Photoreduction of ketones is one of the oldest and most thoroughly investigated photochemical processes.
2. Reduction in size effected photographically.
1967E. R. Lannon in Cox & Grose Organiz. Bibliogr. Rec. by Computer iv. 95 This latter version is printed..on 17{pp} × 22{pp} pages, suitable for 50% photoreduction and subsequent publication by offset press. 1968Bodl. Libr. Rec. VIII. 64 The flexowriter produced a text in double column..from which, after 30 per cent photo-reduction, offset-litho plates were made. 1972Sci. Amer. Dec. 15/1 All the equipment for integrated-circuit work, including the photoreduction microscope and the ultrasonic bonder, was of Chinese manufacture.
So photoreˈduce v. trans., to reduce photochemically; photoreˈduced, -reˈducing ppl. adjs.
1957G. Oster in H. Gaffron et al. Res. Photosynthesis i. 53 Acriflavine under conditions where it is not photoreduced in the unbound state, is readily photoreduced when bound to polymeric acids. 1959― in R. B. Withrow Photoperiodism i. 7 In my opinion..intermediate colored forms of photoreduced porphyrins are obtainable. 1965Biochim. & Biophys. Acta XCIX. 159 The lost NADP photoreducing activities of the sonicated chloroplasts..are fully restored on addition of plasto⁓cyanin. 1968Plant Physiol. XLIII. 606/1 All the mutants appeared to have the enzymes needed for the reduction of carbon dioxide..but..they photoreduced little or no CO2. |