| 释义 |
retired, ppl. a.|rɪˈtaɪəd|
[f. prec. + -ed1.]
1. Withdrawn into seclusion or away from contact with the world:
a. of persons.
1590J. Smyth in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 61, I..do live almost continually retired in my howse. 1632Milton Penseroso 49 Adde to these retired Leasure, That in trim Gardens takes his pleasure. c1648–50R. Brathwait Barnabees Jrnl. iii. (1818) 143 Here the retyred Tanner builds him bowrs. 1691Hartcliffe Virtues 282 The retired and solitary Student. 1706London & Wise (title), The Retir'd Gard'ner... Being a Translation of Le Jardinier Solitaire. 1783Johnson Let. to Mrs. Thrale 21 Oct., You are now retired, and have nothing to impede self-examination or self-improvement. 1813Scott Rokeby iv. xx, Few months we lived retired, unknown, To all but one dear friend alone. 1885–94R. Bridges Eros & Psyche Feb. xix, Stern Ares, with his crisp hair helmeted, Came, and retired Hestia.
absol.1653Jer. Taylor Serm. for Year Ep. Ded. A 3 b, The faith of Martyrs, and the hardinesse of Confessors, and the austerity of the Retired.
b. of life, conditions, occupations, etc.
1611Shakes. Cymb. iii. v. 36 Since the exile of Posthumus, most retyr'd Hath her life bin. 1648Denham Cooper's H., Oh happiness of sweet retir'd content! 1696Stanhope Chr. Pattern (1711) 19 It is our duty..to fill up the empty spaces of life with these holy and retired exercises. 1711Addison Spect. No. 93 ⁋5 Employment for those Retired Hours in which we are altogether left to our selves. 1746Hervey Medit. (1818) 216 What a pleasing awe is awakened by such a reflection! How venerable it renders my retired walks! 1820Keats St. Agnes xxxi, Sumptuous they stand In the retired quiet of the night. 1856Sir B. Brodie Psychol. Inq. I. iv. 132 It is a great mistake made by some sentimental writers, when they speak of the advantages of a retired life.
2. Secluded, sequestered; removed from places frequented by people.
1593Queen Elizabeth Boeth. i. pr. iii. 6 My nurs I saw, in whose retired Romes in my Youthe I dwelt. 1621R. Brathwait Nat. Embassie (1877) 28 The retiredst angle or corner cannot giue vice a couer. 1672Wycherley Love in a Wood iii. i, A small house, in an obscure, little, retired street. 1719De Foe Crusoe ii. (Globe) 391 To lead them..to their retir'd Place in the Woods. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) I. 40 They are found..in the most retired and inward parts of the most firm and solid rocks. 1860H. Ainsworth Ovingdean Grange 301 A small cottage somewhat retired from the road. 1871L. Stephen Playgr. Eur. (1894) iv. 92 Swiss enterprise has begun to penetrate these retired valleys.
3. Withdrawn into oneself; reserved.
1611Shakes. Wint. T. iv. iv. 62 You are retyred, As if you were a feasted one: and not The Hostesse of the meeting. 1627J. Doughty Serm., Divine Myst. (1628) 11 For this cause wee finde the Fathers euermore cautelous and very retir'd. 1670G. H. Hist. Cardinals ii. iii. 200 Whilst he was Cardinal he was retir'd, shun'd all conversation as much as was possible. 1780Burke Œcon. Reform Wks. III. 336 The judges are, or ought to be, of a reserved and retired character. 1828Scott F. M. Perth x, You have censured me in your kindness for being too gentle, too retired.
†4. Of thoughts, etc.: Carried on in seclusion or quiet; private. Obs.
1626Jackson Humiliation Son of God vii. 66 To doe that which in his retired and sober thoughts he did most dislike. 1670Clarendon Contempl. Ps. Tracts (1727) 627 Arguments..which..operate more in the publick agitation of them than in a private and retired speculation. a1718Penn in Life Wks. I. 132 A Subject that requires your retired Consideration. 1751Abp. Stone Serm. 1 Kings xii. 15 A Compliance with innocent Customs, which in their retired Judgment they might not altogether approve.
†b. Inward, inner, recondite, hidden. Obs.
1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. Pref. ⁋48, I was lesse carefull to make it strict in retired senses. 1695Woodward Nat. Hist. Earth ii. (1723) 94 If we look into its retired Movements, and more secret and latent Springs. 1713Addison Cato i. vi, Disburthen all thy cares on me, And let me share thy most retired distress. 1737Waterland Eucharist 429 In its retired, mystical meaning, it figured out the Spiritual Covenant. 1773J. Allen Serm. at St. Mary's, Oxf. 12 The most sublime and retired mysteries.
5. a. That has receded or subsided. rare—1.
1595Shakes. John v. iv. 53 We will..like a bated and retired Flood..Stoope lowe..And calmely run on.
†b. ? Contracted, shrunk. Obs. rare—1.
1605B. Jonson Volpone ii. i, Crampes, Convulsions, Paralysies, Epilepsies, Tremor-cordia, retired-Nerues.
c. retired flank: (see quot. 1802).
1696Phillips (ed. 5), Orillon, a mass of Earth lin'd with a Wall..to secure the Canon in the retir'd Flank. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I. s.v. Flank, The Low, Covered, or Retired Flank, is the Platform of the Casemate, which lies hid in the Bastion. 1771Encycl. Brit. II. 618/2 The orillons are very useful in covering the retired flanks, which cannot be seen but directly in the front. 1802James Milit. Dict. s.v. Fortification, Retired flanks, are those made behind the line which joins the extremity of the face and the curtain, towards the capital of the bastion. 1858Greener Gunnery 67 Their principal use is on board ship; but they are sometimes used in casemates, or retired flanks of fortresses.
d. Drawn back; receding. rare—1.
1802Paley Nat. Theol. (1804) 242 The retired under jaw of a swine works in the ground, after the protruding snout.
6. Withdrawn from, no longer occupied with, business or official duties. (Cf. retire v. 1 e.)
1824Miss Mitford Village Ser. i. (1863) 3 The tidy, square, red cottage..belongs to a retired publican from a neighbouring town. 1851Lond. Gaz. No. 2122. 1673/1 The List of Commanders promoted to the Rank of Retired Captain. 1881Times 11 Jan. 9/6 A retired Viceroy is naturally and by common consent an authority on Indian affairs.
b. retired list, a list of retired officers.
1802James Milit. Dict., Retired list, a list on the marine establishment upon which superannuated officers are placed. 1851Lond. Gaz. No. 2122. 1673/1 The Retired List then to be diminished by only retiring one in two vacancies. 1887Times (weekly ed.) 14 Oct. 12/2 [He] had consented to place him on the retired list.
c. retired allowance or retired pay, the pension given to a retired officer or official.
1817Parl. Debates 582 Salaries and retired allowances were very unequally distributed. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 570 Retired Pay, a graduated pension for retired officers. 1890Daily News 8 Jan. 3/8 Col. G. A. White, from lieutenant-colonel, half-pay, retires on retired pay. |