| 释义 |
protraction|prəʊˈtrækʃən|
[a. F. protraction (1499 in Godef.), or ad. late L. prōtractiōn-em, n. of action from prōtrah-ĕre: see protract v.]
The action of protracting.
I.
1. The lengthening out or extension of time or of the duration of anything; drawing out, prolongation; † delay, postponement (obs.).
1535Act 27 Hen. VIII, c. 4 §1 Without longe tarienge and protraction of time. 1608D. T[uvil] Ess. Pol. & Mor. 112 By reason of his protractions and delayes. 1610Healey Vives' Comm. St. Aug. Citie of God (1620) 10 That Fabius that..by his cunning protraction blunted the fury of Hannibal. a1677Hale Prim. Orig. Man. 92 As to the fabulous protractions of the age of the World by the Egyptians or others, they are uncertain idle Traditions. 1734tr. Rollin's Anc. Hist. IV. viii. xiii. 83 Such are his usual protraction, delays, distrusts and fearful precaution. 1868E. Edwards Ralegh I. xxi. 473 The long protraction of the suit must have been occasioned by difficulties.
2. Drawing forth or out.
1681tr. Willis' Rem. Med. Wks. Vocab., Protraction, a drawing forth at length. 1895Syd. Soc. Lex., Protraction, extraction; as of a foreign body from a wound.
3. A stretching out or extension; the action of a protractor (muscle).
1890in Cent. Dict. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VII. 285 In this area one may distinguish, more or less completely, protraction and retraction of the upper arm.
4. The lengthening of a vowel, syllable, or word; = prolongation 3.
a1849Poe Fancy & Imag. Wks. 1865 III. 381 He also too frequently draws out the word Heaven into two syllables—a protraction which it never will support.
II.
5. The drawing to scale or laying down of the figure of any surface, esp. of a piece of land.
1607Norden Surv. Dial. iii. 128 The difference is onely in the protraction: for where the one protracteth the worke, by the degrees, found by the fall of the wandring Index: so the other protracteth from the degree, whereupon the needle falleth. 1669J. Flamstead in Phil. Trans. IV. 1109 The protraction of the Star's way in this appearance will be facile. 1774M. Mackenzie Maritime Surv. 66 Protract carefully, with a large Protractor, the several Angles written in the Field-book; and also calculate trigonometrically the most material Distances: judge of the Accuracy of the Protraction by its Agreement with the Calculation. 1823Scoresby Jrnl. Whale Fish. 268 The distances by protraction, and the estimated distances of five or six headlands,..generally coincided to within 1½ miles. 1866Livingstone Last Jrnls. (1873) I. x. 270 By protraction Rua Point was distant 33 miles.
b. That which is protracted; a chart or plan drawn or laid down to scale; a survey.
1669Sturmy Mariner's Mag. ii. viii. 73 Any Chart or Protraction whatsoever. 1810G. Chalmers Caledonia II. 62 Employing five years in drawing their protractions of the country..on a vast scale of 3000 feet to an inch. |